The development and study of Smart Grid technologies rely heavily on high-fidelity data from Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs). However, the scarcity real-world PMU due to privacy, security, variability issues poses significant challenges researchers, developers, related industries. To address these challenges, this article introduces bases for a digital metrology framework, focusing newly designed developed synthetic generator, that is both metrologically accurate easy adapt various grid...

In Europe, measuring instruments under legal control are responsible for an annual turnover of 500 billion Euros and contribute a significant part to the economy including establishing trust between all stakeholders. this article, secure cloud reference architecture is presented, addressing both requirements roles in Legal Metrology framework. With introduction Cloud Computing Metrology, new role Service Provider has be established. The general approach shall evaluated determine if can...

The digitalization of metrology poses a challenge to all members the community. We propose an approach for digital calibration certificates (DCCs) based on PDF/A-3 solution that could be stepping-stone towards metrological services. present multiple applications this by fulfilling discussed minimum requirements and satisfying needs from both customers laboratories.

There has been a wide interest in high-resolution air quality monitoring with low-cost gas sensor systems the last years. Such sensors, however, suffer from cross-sensitivities, interferences environmental factors, unit-to-unit variability, aging, and concept drift. Therefore, reliability trustworthiness of measurements low parts-per-billion (ppb) range remain concern, particularly over course lifetime network urban environments. In this simulation study, possibility to continuously...

While facing an increasingly globalized market place, the ever-increasing drive for efficiency and rapidly developing consumer demands make successful digital transformation of Legal Metrology unavoidable. This will include use contemporary technologies, such as embedded systems, Internet Things, Cloud Computing Big-data. There is a need legally compatible system architectures, services appropriate infrastructure to benefit industry, notified bodies surveillance authorities, by removing...

Due to the impact of air quality on health, use low-cost gas sensor systems in monitoring has increased. The deficiencies sensors such as cross-sensitivities, interferences with environmental factors, and unit-to-unit variability have led multidimensional calibration approaches machine learning applied field data. However, trustworthiness measurement results remains a concern, since aging concept drift are common problems. While most algorithms do not disclose reliability results, Bayesian...

Achieving the highest levels of compliance with FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable) principles for scientific data management and stewardship requires machine-actionable semantic representations metadata. Human machine interpretation reuse measurement datasets rely on metrological information that is often specified inconsistently or cannot be inferred automatically, while several ontologies to capture are available, practical implementation examples few. This work aims...

This position paper opens the discussion about term digital metrology, underlying trends and activities related to digitalization of metrology. Firstly, we present a clarification terms between digitization current strategies two representative national metrology institutes, members EURAMET. Subsequently, describe METAS strategy towards by its three main pillars ongoing research development efforts. Finally, discuss state as well presenting our suggestions for next steps transformation

The usage of filter techniques for position estimation safety-relevant purposes is an extensive field research. Depending on the needed application Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) state can be achieved by several techniques. State means Kalman Filter (KF), as well Extended (EKF) and Particle (PF) have been developed tested. Map-matching algorithms integrate localisation data provided GNSS with spatial road network (also called "digital map") to identify correct line (or track)...

In the context of smart cities, high-resolution air quality monitoring with low-cost sensor systems has seen remarkable interest. These systems, however, need frequent recalibration to maintain metrological traceability. Air pollution models based on partial differential equations offer an arbitrary spatial and temporal resolution, but they require some experimental data as initial boundary conditions in order be solved. This theoretical paper makes considerations that networks could...

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are ready for various railway applications, especially the safety-related applications such as train detection and localisation purpose of control. Every application should comply with a wide range standards. In order to integrate GNSS into localisation, stand-alone satellite-based unit be developed. Then demonstration quality service (QoS) implemented in consistent EN50126 (Reliability, Availability, Maintainability Safety, RAMS) standard. The RAMS...

Since software plays an ever more important role in measuring instruments, risk assessments for such instruments required by European regulations will usually include also a assessment of the software.Although previously introduced methods still lack efficient means representation attacker motivation and have no prescribed way constructing attack scenarios, trees been used several years similar application scenarios.These are here developed into probability trees, specifically tailored to...

Abstract The digitalization of key comparisons in radionuclide metrology is being studied at the BIPM. Results are made available on BIPM KCDB platform where a PDF/A document can be downloaded. Access to metadata contained PDF not straightforward. Therefore, XML and JSON versions report now embedded document, allowing direct access metadata. This achievement first step towards implementation FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable) principles does affect current policy publishing...

Train integrity whilst in service establishes the foundation for railway safety. This study investigates train detection which reliably deduces whether consists remain intact. A switching linear dynamic system (SLDS) based method is proposed Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) Monitoring (TIMS) using relative distance, velocity and acceleration of locomotive last van. There, Expectation Maximisation (EM) algorithm estimates parameters SLDS model while Gaussian Sum Filter infers state....

Modern power systems rely on distributed sensor networks for many condition monitoring applications. In this context, phasor measurements are typically acquired at each sensitive network node and then aggregated local or central level in order to estimate the system state take control actions as opening of a circuit breaker. From metrological point view, existing standards focus performance compliance single sensor, but they do not assess their actual interoperability. paper, we address...

Sensors can suffer from aging drift over their lifetime, thus showing changes in sensitivity and baseline, which then leads to unreliable measurement results affects digital trust. By performing Monte Carlo simulations, this work evaluated the opportunity use gradient descent, combination with reliable mobile nodes as references, for recalibration of wireless sensor networks context smart cities. In implemented was treated a deterministic process while encounters between sensors references...

The future of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) relies on a properly constructed Control System (CTS) based dynamically accurate localisation system. To ensure quality the system data-fusion algorithms are applied to enhance trueness and precision provided locations. But that is directly related accuracy Global Navigation Satellite (GNSS) receiver. Nowadays Position (GPS) not functional GNSS over Asia. Even though second generation China's BeiDou (BDS), also known as COMPASS, still...

Good data management is necessary to maintain the trustworthiness and reliability of data. This particularly important in metrology, science measurement, which ensures stable, comparable, coherent, traceable measurement results. The digitalization metrology has increased demand for structured harmonised research (RDM).
 To meet this demand, project TC-IM 1449 "Research European metrology" was established 2018. aims promote good RDM practices underpinned by FAIR principles, supporting...

The ever-increasing penetration of renewable energy sources and distributed generation needs developing deploying more sophisticated precise control techniques. paradigm shift from high-rotational inertia towards inverter-connected facilities has made modern power systems subject to strongly non-stationary operating conditions. In this context, phasor measurement units (PMUs) represent a promising solution due their accuracy time synchronization. current paper further develops the concepts...

The train positioning technology based on GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) has greatly developed in the control system because of its stability, low-cost, easy maintenance. is used to prevent possible potential train-to-train collision, and it can also be utilized for automatic operation scheduling. However, due some inevitable defects GNSS, such as SIS (Signal Space) unavailability, multi-path effects electromagnetic interference so on, map-assisted technique proposed achieve a...

Since the introduction of Measuring Instruments Directive 2014/32/EU, prototypes measuring instruments subject to legal control in European Union must be accompanied by a risk assessment, when being submitted for conformity assessment.Taximeters, water meters, electricity meters or fuel pumps form basis economic sector usually known as Legal Metrology, where development towards cheaper allpurpose hardware combined with more sophisticated software is imminent.Therefore, assessment will always...

Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are now widely used in road transportation systems for vehicle navigation, fleet management, satellite-based traffic monitoring and others, which cover 38% of all the GNSS applications. can also be to leverage precise safe locations situations with potential harm humans or damage a system environment, is called safety-related A user case demonstrated advanced driving assistance (ADAS), receiver applied as part localisation unit (SatVeLU) deliver...

The ever-increasing penetration of renewable energy sources and distributed generation needs the development deployment more sophisticated precise control techniques. paradigm shift from high-rotational inertia towards inverter-connected facilities has made modern power systems subject to strongly non-stationary operating conditions. In this context, Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) represent a promising solution, due their measurement accuracy as well time synchronization. current paper...