Brain connectivity analysis has shown great promise in understanding how aging affects functional connectivity; however, an explanatory framework to study healthy terms of network efficiency is still missing. Here, we robustness, i.e., resilience perturbations, resting-state networks (rs-fMRI) young and elder subjects. We apply analytic measures communication the human brain investigate compensatory mechanisms elicited aging. Specifically, quantify effect "lesioning" (node canceling) either...

Temporal expectation relies on different predictive information, such as regular rhythms and symbolic cues, to direct attention a future moment in time optimize behaviour. However, whether differences exist between temporal expectations driven by cues has not been clearly established. In this study, 20 participants performed two tasks which rhythmic cue or indicated (70% expected) that the target would appear after an interval of 500 ms (short), 1,500 (medium), 2,500 (long). We found larger...

Human unmyelinated tactile afferents (CT afferents) in hairy skin are thought to be involved the transmission of affective aspects touch. How perception touch differs across human has made substantial progress; however, majority previous studies have mainly focused on relationship between stroking velocities and pleasantness ratings. Here, we investigate how hardness affects Affective stimulation was given with four different brushes at three forces, which were presented either palm or...

Top-down attention mechanisms require the selection of specific objects or locations; however, brain mechanism involved when is allocated across different modalities not well understood. The aim this study was to use functional magnetic resonance imaging define neural underlying divided and selective spatial attention. A concurrent audiovisual stimulus used, subjects were prompted focus on a visual, auditory in Posner paradigm. Our behavioral results confirmed better performance compared...

Visual cue-oriented, tactile top-down attention (vTA) has been well investigated behaviorally. However, vTA-related brain activation remains unclear, and whether SI (primary somatosensory cortex) or SII (secondary is modulated by the process of cognition particularly controversial. We used Posner paradigm in which a visual spatial cue directed to target [tactile (TS) task]. The TS compared with nonspatially cued, task neutral (TN) behavioral results showed no significant differences between...

Researchers have suggested that infants exhibiting baby schema are considered cute. These similar studies mainly focused on changes in overall facial features. However, whether a change only eye size affects the perception of cuteness across different expressions and ages has not been explicitly evaluated until now. In present study, paired comparison method 7-point scale were used to investigate effects perceived (positive, neutral, negative) (adults infants). The results show stimuli with...

Abstract The frontoparietal network (FPN), including bilateral frontal eye field, inferior parietal sulcus, and supplementary motor area, has been linked to attention processing, spatiotemporal sensory modality domains. However, it is unclear whether FPN encodes representations of these domains that are generalizable across subdomains. We decomposed multivariate patterns functional magnetic resonance imaging activity from 20 participants into domain-specific components identified latent...

Attentional processes play a complex and multifaceted role in the integration of input from different sensory modalities. However, whether increased attentional load disrupts audiovisual (AV) common objects that involve semantic content remains unclear. Furthermore, knowledge regarding how congruency interacts with to influence AV is limited. We investigated these questions by examining under various attentional-load conditions. was assessed adopting an animal identification task using...

Temporal expectation is the ability to focus attention at a particular moment in time optimize performance, which has been shown be driven by regular rhythms. However, whether rhythm-based temporal expectations rely upon automatic processing or require involvement of controlled not clearly established. Furthermore, mechanism affected tempo remains unknown. To investigate this research question, present study used dual-task procedure. In single task, participants were instructed respond...

Context contributes to accurate and efficient information processing. To reveal the dynamics of neural mechanisms that underlie processing visual contexts during recognition color, shape, 3D structure objects, we carried out functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) subjects while judging contextual validity three contexts. Our results demonstrated modes effective connectivity in cortical pathways, as well patterns activation these were dynamical depending on nature While fusiform gyrus,...

English speakers have been shown to map abstract concepts in space, which occurs on both the vertical and horizontal dimensions. For example, words such as God are associated with up right spatial locations, Satan down left. If tendency space is a universal property of human cognition, then it likely that mappings may be at least partly culturally-specific, since many themselves language-specific therefore cultural conventions. Here we investigated whether Mandarin report mapping concepts,...

Passive tactile perception is the ability to passively and statically perceive stimulus information coming from skin; for example, sense spatial strongest in skin on hands. This termed acuity, measured by threshold or discrimination threshold. At present, two-point extensively used as a measure of although many studies have indicated that critical deficits exist discrimination. Therefore, computer-controlled system was developed, semiautomated passive-finger angle stimulator (TSPAS), using...

We have developed virtual worlds that run on a single personal computer and can be displayed using two outputs. A display of the outputs has resolution 3200 × 1200 pixels. The field-of-view may as large 120 degrees with little distortion. Frame rates are in excess 60 per second. common use such high-resolution wide-screen displays simulators reality could significantly improve experience participants. Such near-photorealistic enhance believability scenarios raise person's sense presence...

Working memory refers to the cognitive capacity temporarily store and manipulate information from multiple sensory domains. Recent studies have shown that training can improve performance in both visual working tactile tasks. However, it is still unclear whether effects of be transferred one modality another. The current study assessed effect orientation sequence task could transfer visuospatial results showed participants’ accuracy was significantly increased after 9 days compared with...

Human computer interface (HCI) is often regarded as the intersection of science, behavioral sciences, design and several other fields study. In order to improve usability HCI, investigation interaction between human computers an important issue. present study, we use a pointing movement experimental device with visual feedback control function which developed in our companion research investigate characteristics. Fitts' law successful model that predicts time required rapidly move target....

In a haptic shape task, the human ability to discriminate objects on basis of their shape, as defined by active exploratory movements hand, is dependent receptors located in skin and deep structures. The 2-d object function its geometric properties, including pattern surfaces that form object, density, size, spatial features. It now widely known task shares neural activity visual cortical areas, but we have little information about factors for perception. We investigated what play an...

Many ophthalmic diseases such as age-Related macular degeneration can lead to central vision loss. Loss of reduce some cognitive abilities like reading, driving or face recognition. Training brain improve the ability people use their peripheral vision. Researchers have difficulty in finding enough subjects who loss ensure validity experiment. Central-scotoma simulator (A software simulate dark spot vision) patient's by which subject. In previous studies, central-scotoma based on eye tracker...