Abstract Recent concurrent processes of vegetation greening and reduced resilience (the capacity to recover from disturbances) worldwide have brought many uncertainties into sustainable ecosystems in the future. However, little is known about conditions extent which affects changes. Here we assess both dynamics China’s Loess Plateau 2000 2020 using satellite-based data an early warning indicator. Our results reveal overall trend vegetated areas, while shifted gains losses at a breakpoint...

Changes in soil moisture strongly affect vegetation growth, which may turn feed back on by directly affecting evapotranspiration and indirectly regulating precipitation. Previous studies often focused the unidirectional effects of temporal dynamics, yet bidirectional dependencies have rarely been studied. Here we analyzed dependency between productivity during 2001–2020 at a global scale using Granger causality, revealed strong concurrent lagged correlations both variables large areas...

Abstract. To quantify the ecological consequences of recent nationwide restoration efforts in China, spatially explicit information on forest biomass carbon stock changes over past 20 years is critical. However, long-term tracking at national scale remains challenging as it requires continuous and high-resolution monitoring. Here, we characterize above- belowground (AGBC BGBC) forests China between 2002 2021 1 km spatial resolution by integrating multiple types remote sensing observations...

Abstract Grassland provides multiple ecosystem services and plays a key role in preventing desert encroachment maintaining oasis stability. In China, the area of cropland oases has expanded significantly recent decades, which results rapid increase agricultural water demand on grassland subsistence space. However, our knowledge about how expansion affects grasslands remains limited. We used machine learning, temporal segmentation spectral trajectories, maximum covariance analysis to generate...

Abstract China has undertaken extensive ecological restoration (ER) projects since the late 1970s in drylands, dominating greening of drylands. The greening, especially ER‐induced, can affect regional water availability and even cause hydrological unsustainability (i.e., lead to a negative shift ecosystem supply demand balances). However, there is still limited research on accurately identifying hydrologically unsustainable areas (GA) China's Here, we developed an supply‐demand indicator,...

Dynamics of fires in Africa are critical importance for understanding changes ecosystem properties and effects on the global carbon cycle. Given increasing fire risk from projected warming one hand a documented human-driven decline other, it is still unknown how complex interplay between climate human factors affects recent Africa. Moreover, impact strong El Niño events dynamics not yet known. By applying an ensemble empirical mode decomposition method to satellite-derived burned area, we...

Rapidly altering vegetation dynamics, is an aspect of global environmental change which has consequences for ecosystem structure, function, and the provision services. However, responses greenness productivity to changes may be inconsistent. Currently, we do not know how these inconsistent trends vary across globe, nor main causes that variability. We used leaf area index (LAI) net primary (NPP) represent productivity, respectively. The results showed about 42% vegetated LAI NPP from 2000...

Abstract The multifunctionality and sustainability of ecosystems are strongly dependent on their ability to withstand recover from disturbances—that is, ecosystem resilience (ER). However, the dynamics attributes ER remain largely unknown, especially in China, where climatic anthropogenic pressures high. In this study, we evaluated spatiotemporal patterns China 2001 2020 using solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence. We estimated relative independent importance climate change, CO 2 , factors...

Abstract Changes in heat and moisture significantly co-alter ecosystem functioning. However, knowledge on dynamics of responses to climate change is limited. Here, we quantify long-term sensitivity based weighted ratios vegetation productivity variability multiple variables from satellite observations, greater values which indicate more yields per hydrothermal condition change. Our results show exhibits large spatial increases with the aridity index. A positive temporal trend found 61.28%...

Abstract Aim Widespread greening and an increasing global terrestrial carbon sink over recent decades have been reported. However, the spatio‐temporal relationships between vegetation greenness productivity factors influencing this relationship remain unclear. We define a new metric of ecosystem‐scale photosynthetic efficiency (EPE) to analyse its pattern investigate how potential drivers regulate greenness–productivity relationship. Location Global. Time period From 2001 2016. Major taxa...

Abstract Evapotranspiration (ET) constitutes the water exchange from land to atmosphere, which in turn modulates precipitation and soil moisture (SM). Multiple lines of evidence document complex feedbacks between changes ET temperature, atmospheric CO 2 vegetation greening. However, existing analyses on global do not account for direct effects SM supply demand, expressed by vapor pressure deficit (VPD), while considering multiple environmental variables. Here we evaluated performance...

Abstract The Kunming‐Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) highlights developing effective targets to halt and reverse the biodiversity ecosystem services crisis. Although are tightly interlinked interact in complex ways, a uniform global or national target has long ignored their interdependencies uneven distribution guide region‐ ecoregion‐specific planning. Here, we use flexible stepwise approach, incorporating high conservation values of biodiversity, carbon water interactions,...

Background Drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) is a severe public health threat and burden worldwide. This study seeks to develop validate both independent combined radiomic models using pulmonary cavity (PC), tree-in-bud sign (TIB), total lung lesions (TLL), residual parenchyma (RPP) evaluate their effectiveness in predicting DR-TB. Methods We recruited 306 confirmed active cases from two hospitals, comprising 142 drug-resistant 164 drug-sensitive cases. Patients were assigned five training...

Intact forests and protected areas (PAs) are central to global biodiversity conservation nature-based climate change mitigation. However, cropland encroachment threatens the ecological integrity resilience of their functioning. Using satellite observations, we find that a large proportion croplands in remaining globally have been gained during 2003-2019, especially for high-integrity (62%) non-forest biomes (60%) tropical (47%). Cropland expansion 2011-2019 has even doubled (130% relative...

[1] During 26–27 November 2000 a complex interplanetary coronal mass ejection, composed of four flux ropes, was detected by Wind and ACE at 1 AU. We identify two Petschek-like exhaust events within the interiors second third respectively. In first event, an same side from reconnection site, which associated with large-scale bifurcated current sheet spatial width ∼10,000 ion inertial lengths magnetic shear 155°. spacecraft observed oppositely directed exhausts single X line. The were also...

Here is reported in situ observation of energetic electrons (∼100-500 keV) associated with magnetic reconnection the solar wind by ACE and Wind spacecraft. The properties this cloud driving electron acceleration problem are discussed. Further analyses indicate that electric field Fermi-type mechanism two fundamental elements processes trapping effect specific configuration maintains status increases totally gained energy.

Abstract Understanding vegetation changes and the underlying causes are critical to predict future ecosystem dynamics. Water‐limited ecosystems in East Africa have been identified as particularly vulnerable impacts of increased environmental change, but relatively little is known about dynamic trends main drivers. Taking satellite‐derived normalized difference index (NDVI) a proxy growth, we detected spatiotemporal evolution NDVI explored drivers based on ensemble empirical mode...