One of the most sought-after objects in topological quantum-matter systems is a vortex carrying half quantum circulation. They were originally predicted to exist superfluid He3−A but have never been resolved there. Here we report an observation half-quantum vortices (HQVs) polar phase He3. The are created with rotation or by Kibble-Zurek mechanism and identified based on their nuclear magnetic resonance signature. This discovery provides pathway for studies unpaired Majorana modes bound HQV...

Time crystals are an enigmatic phase of matter in which a quantum mechanical system displays repetitive, observable motion - they spontaneously break the time translation symmetry. On other hand optomechanical systems, where and optical degrees freedom coupled, well established enable range applications measurements with unparalleled precision. Here, we connect crystal formed magnetic quasiparticles, magnons, to resonator, gravity wave mode on nearby liquid surface, show that their joint...

Symmetries of the physical world have guided formulation fundamental laws, including relativistic quantum field theory and understanding possible states matter. Topological defects (TDs) often control universal behavior macroscopic systems, while topology broken symmetries determine allowed TDs. Taking advantage symmetry-breaking patterns in phase diagram nanoconfined superfluid

Abstract Turbulence under strong influence of rotation is described as an ensemble interacting inertial waves across a wide range length scales. In macroscopic quantum condensates, the quasiclassical turbulent dynamics at large scales altered small scales, where quantization vorticity essential. The nature this transition remains unanswered question. Here we expand concept wave-driven turbulence to rotating fluids spectrum extends microscopic Kelvin on quantized vortices. We excite largest...

The authors show that topological superfluid 3He can flow without friction in a phase which possesses line of zero energy the excitation spectrum, although Landau's limit for superflow is zero. expands node to Fermi surface Bogoliubov quasipartices, usually absent Cooper-paired systems, but may appear unconventional superconductors and superfluids with certain broken symmetries.

We report the creation and study of stability a repulsive quasihomogeneous spin-1/2 Fermi gas with contact interactions. For range scattering lengths explored, dominant mechanism decay is universal three-body recombination toward Feshbach bound state. observe that coefficient K_{3}∝ε_{kin}a^{6}, where first factor, average kinetic energy per particle ε_{kin}, arises from threshold law, second one universality recombination. Both scaling laws are consequences Pauli blocking effects in...

Under suitable experimental conditions, collective spin-wave excitations, magnons, form a Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC), where the spins precess with globally coherent phase. condensation of magnons has been reported in few systems, including superfluid phases 3He, solid state such as yttrium-iron-garnet films, and cold atomic gases. The 3He provide nearly ideal test bench for magnon physics owing to experimentally proven spin superfluidity, long lifetime condensate, versatility accessible...

A time crystal is a macroscopic quantum system in periodic motion its ground state. In our experiments, two coupled crystals consisting of spin-wave quasiparticles (magnons) form two-level system. The levels evolve as determined intrinsically by nonlinear feedback, allowing us to construct spontaneous dynamics. the course level crossing, magnons move from excited driven Landau-Zener effect, combined with Rabi population oscillations. We demonstrate that magnon allow access every aspect and...

Researchers demonstrate that they can suppress the formation of defects appear in superfluid helium-3 when it undergoes a continuous phase transition, allowing them to influence form system's final phase.

The different superfluid phases of3He are described byp-wave order parameters that include anisotropy axes both in the orbital and spin spaces. characterize broken symmetries these macroscopically coherent quantum many-body systems. systems' free energy has several degenerate minima for certain orientations of axes. As a result, spatial variation parameter between two such regions, settled minima, forms topological soliton. Such solitons can terminate bulk liquid, where termination line...

The polar phase of $^{3}\mathrm{He}$, which is topological spin-triplet superfluid with the Dirac nodal line in spectrum Bogoliubov quasiparticles, has been recently stabilized a nanoconfined geometry. We pump magnetic excitations (magnons) into sample and observe how they form Bose-Einstein condensate, revealed by coherent precession magnetization sample. Spin superfluidity, supports this coherence, associated spontaneous breaking U(1) symmetry precession. corresponding Nambu-Goldstone...

We have studied technologies to design and fabricate high-bit-rate chip-to-chip optical interconnects on printed circuit boards (PCBs) using board-embedded polymer waveguides surface-mounted component packages or modules. In order demonstrate the developed technologies, a 4times10 Gb/s interconnect was completely integrated standard FR4 PCB. The link demonstrator consists of 4-channel BGA-mounted transmitter receiver modules as well four parallel multimode fabricated top solder mask PCB...

Systems of fermions with multiple internal states, such as quarks in quantum chromodynamics and nucleons nuclear matter, are at the heart some most complex many-body problems. The stability multi-component systems is crucial to understanding, for instance, baryon formation structure nuclei, but these fermionic problems typically very challenging tackle theoretically. Versatile experimental platforms on which study analogous thus sought after. Here, we report creation a uniform gas...

We describe the first measurement on Andreev scattering of thermal excitations from a vortex configuration with known density, spatial extent, and orientations in 3He-B superfluid. The heat flow blackbody radiator equilibrium rotation at constant angular velocity is measured two quartz tuning fork oscillators. One oscillator creates controllable density 0.2Tc base temperature other records response. results are compared to numerical calculations ballistic propagation quasiparticles through...

The dynamics of quantized vortices is studied in superfluid 3He-B after a rapid stop rotation. We use Andreev reflection thermal excitations to monitor vortex motion with quartz tuning fork oscillators two different experimental setups at temperatures below 0.2Tc. Deviations from ideal cylindrical symmetry the flow environment cause early decay become turbulent. This identified initial overshoot density above value before spin-down and its subsequent t^(-3/2) time dependence. high...

We measure the response of a rotating sample superfluid $^3$He-B to spin-down rest in zero-temperature limit. Deviations from perfect cylindrical symmetry flow environment cause initial become turbulent. The remaining high polarization vortices along rotation axis suppresses turbulent behavior and leads laminar late-time response. determine dissipation during decay at $(0.13-0.22) T_{\mathrm{c}}$ precession frequency remnant vortex cluster. extract mutual friction parameter $\alpha$ confirm...

Tunneling two-level systems affect damping, noise, and decoherence in a wide range of devices, including nanoelectromechanical resonators, optomechanical systems, qubits. Theoretically, this interaction is usually described within the tunneling state model. The dimensions such devices are often small compared to relevant phonon wavelengths at low temperatures, extensions theoretical description reduced have been proposed, but lack conclusive experimental verification. We measured intrinsic...

One of the most spectacular discoveries made in superfluid 3 He confined a nanostructured material like aerogel or nafen was observation destruction long-range orientational order by weak random anisotropy. The quenched anisotropy provided confining strands produces several different glass states resolved NMR experiments chiral He-A and time-reversal-invariant polar phase. smooth textures spin orbital parameters these glasses can be characterized terms randomly distributed topological...

We have used nanoelectromechanical resonators to probe superfluid $^4$He at different temperature regimes, spanning over four orders of magnitude in damping. These regimes are characterized by the mechanisms which provide dominant contributions damping and shift resonance frequency: tunneling two level systems lowest temperatures, ballistic phonons rotons few hundred mK, laminar drag two-fluid regime below transition as well normal fluid. Immersing fluid increases their effective mass...

Packaging forms a large share of the total manufacturing costs optoelectronic modules. This especially concerns techniques, where active optical power monitoring is required during assembly components. Passive alignment offers advantages for high volume manufacturing. However, high-performance modules require high-precision structures. We studied methods horizontal structures using low temperature co-fired ceramic (LTCC) technology. In this paper, we present manufacture LTCC test parts and...

In pure superfluid 3He–B at ultra-low temperatures, the quartz tuning fork oscillator response is expected to saturate when dissipation caused by medium becomes substantially smaller than internal of oscillator. However, even with a small amount 4He covering surfaces, we have observed saturation already significantly higher temperatures anticipated, where other indicators prove that 3He liquid still cooling. We found this anomalous behavior has rather strong pressure dependence, and it...

We have measured the response of a torsional oscillator containing polycrystalline hcp solid $$^{4}$$ He to applied steady rotation in an attempt verify observations several other groups that were initially interpreted as evidence for macroscopic quantum effects. The geometry cell was simple annulus, with fill line relatively narrow diameter centre torsion rod. Varying angular velocity up 2 rad s $$^{-1}$$ showed there no step-like features resonant frequency or dissipation and history...

A hermetic fiber pigtailed laser module utilizing passive device alignment on a low-temperature cofired ceramics (LTCC) substrate is demonstrated. The 3-D shape of the laminated and ceramic provides necessary structures, including grooves cavities, for laser-to-fiber coupling. When diode chip component tolerances are tight enough, allows high coupling efficiency realizations multimode modules. intrinsically it opens up possibility to use as an integrated part package. In our concept sealing...