The structure and composition of the core adenovirus type 2 were analyzed by electron microscopy biochemical techniques after differential degradation virion heat, pyridine, or sarcosyl treatment. In negatively stained preparations purified cores reveal spherical subunits 21.6-nm diameter in microscope. It is suggested that these are organized as an icosahedron which has its axes symmetry coincident with those viral capsid. connected DNA molecule. contain predominantly arginine/alanine-rich...

Recent work has proposed artificial intelligence (AI) models that can learn to decide whether make a prediction for an instance of task or delegate it human by considering both parties' capabilities. In simulations with synthetically generated context-independent predictions, delegation help improve the performance human-AI teams -- compared humans AI model completing alone. However, so far, remains unclear how perform and they perceive when are aware delegated instances them. experimental...

Chemotaxis and phagocytosis are basically similar in cells of the immune system Dictyostelium amebae. Deletion unique G protein β subunit D. discoideum impaired but had little effect on fluid-phase endocytosis, cytokinesis, or random motility. Constitutive expression wild-type restored normal development. Chemoattractants released by bacteria trigger typical transient actin polymerization responses cells. In subunit–null cells, a series point mutants, these were to degree that correlated...

Pneumococci in which the choline component of cell wall teichoic acid was replaced by ethanolamine contain an abnormal autolytic enzyme that has a low molecular weight and activity contrast to typical choline-containing bacteria high activity. The autolysin can be converted normal (cholinetype) incubation vitro with walls.

The adenovirus type 12-specific mRNA and the stable nuclear RNA from productively infected KB cells, early postinfection, abortively BHK-21 12-transformed hamster lines T637 HA12/7 have been mapped on genome of 12. intact separated heavy (H) light (L) strands 12 DNA used to determine extent complementarity or different cell each strands. More precise map positions obtained by use H L complements fragments which were produced with EcoRI BamHI restriction endonucleases. results mapping...

To study centrosome motility and the interaction of microtubules with cell cortex in mitotic, post-mitotic interphase cells, (alpha)-tubulin was tagged Dictyostelium discoideum green fluorescent protein. Multinucleate cells formed by myosin II-null mutants proved to be especially suited for analysis control cleavage furrow formation microtubule system. After docking mitotic apparatus onto during anaphase, surface is activated form ruffles on top asters that emanate from centrosomes. Cleavage...

Abstract The choline‐containing teichoic acids of pneumococci can be modified by biosynthetic replacement the choline residues with certain structural analogues, such as ethanolamine (EA) or N‐monomethyl‐ (MEA) and N‐dimethyl‐ (DEA) amino derivatives ethanolamine. Cells containing analogues in their develop pleiomorphic alterations several physiological properties, which include resistance to detergent‐induced lysis inhibition cell separation (chain formation). We report here results studies...

The contractile vacuole system is an osmoregulatory organelle composed of cisternae and interconnecting ducts. Large act as bladders that periodically fuse with the plasma membrane, forming pores to expel water. To visualize entire network in vivo identify constituents vacuolar complex cell fractions, we introduced a specific marker into Dictyostelium cells, GFP-tagged dajumin. C-terminal, region this transmembrane protein responsible for sorting complex. Dajumin-GFP negligibly associates...

Dictyostelium discoideum is a microorganism that has chosen an unusual way to reach multicellularity: Its ameboid cells stay single during growth and, after nutrient exhaustion, aggregate into multicellular body, the slug. Eventually, differentiate spores and stalk cells, two major constituents of fruiting body formed at end development. Although represents side branch evolution not given rise higher organisms, mechanisms its development may help define general principles by which...

Choline-containing pneumococcal cell wals are sensitive to autolysin, whereas ethanolamine-containing walls not. Bacteria were labeled with radioactive peptidoglycan precursors while growing either in choline- or ethanolaminecontaining media. Subsequently, the cells allowed grow for four five generations nonradioactive medium supplemented alternative amino alcohol source (i.e. choline yields ethanolamine; ethanolamine choline). The autolysin sensitivity of isotope label prepared from such...

Since the first demonstration of integration animal virus DNA in adenovirus and simian 40 systems (Doerfler 1968, 1970; Sambrook et al. 1968), integrated state viral has been recognized an increasing number RNA tumor viruses. In fact, one can ask whether or transcript is a generally occurring process. Strictly speaking, term should be reserved for covalent linkage to cellular by phosphodiester bonds. This distinguished chemically functionally from any form unspecified association with host...

To examine the potential involvement of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in changes which occur human intracranial neoplasms, we examined a series tumor specimens for expression VEGF mRNA by situ hybridization. was expressed at high levels cells discrete regions several tumors examined. The highest were detected glioblastomas. presence and location foci intense were, paradoxically well correlated with necrobiosis within mass. A less consistent association observed between either...

We adjust sentiment analysis techniques to automatically detect customer emotion in on-line service interactions of multiple business domains. Then we use the adjusted tool report insights about dynamics chats, using a large data set Telecommunication interactions. Our analyses show emotions starting out negative and evolving into positive as interaction ends. Also, identify close relationship between dynamicsduring concepts failure recovery. This connection manifests quality...

The complete sequence of a Dictyostelium discoideum cDNA is presented that codes for monoubiquitin extended at its C‐terminus by 52 amino acid tail. both the ubiquitin portion and tail highly homologous to one Saccharomyces cerevisiae partial mouse sequence. basic contains putative metal nucleic acid‐binding motif. gene encoding 0.6 kb mRNA C‐terminally represented only once in haploid genome. as well translation product, 15 kDa protein, expressed exponentially growing cells remains present...