A5102835266- Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Animal Vocal Communication and Behavior
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
- Child and Animal Learning Development
- Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Geographies of human-animal interactions
- Animal Behavior and Welfare Studies
- Psychology of Moral and Emotional Judgment
- Economic and Social Issues
- Global Energy and Sustainability Research
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Archaeology and Rock Art Studies
- Language and cultural evolution
- Diverse Historical and Scientific Studies
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Gender, Feminism, and Media
- LGBTQ Health, Identity, and Policy
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
University College London
2009-2024
Gashaka Primate Project
2016-2021
UCL Australia
2015
University of Göttingen
1991-1995
Abstract 1. Gibbons are the least studied apes and traditionally thought to live in nuclear families of 2-6 individuals including a pair breeding adults who maintain lifelong, sexually monogamous relationships vigorously defend territories against neighbours. The present paper challenges this view. 2. During long-term study on white-handed gibbons (Hylobates lar) Thailand's Khao Yai rainforest, 162 encounters were recorded between 3 habituated 8 non-habituated groups. Encounters...
Abstract How populations adapt to their environment is a fundamental question in biology. Yet we know surprisingly little about this process, especially for endangered species such as non-human great apes. Chimpanzees, our closest living relatives, are particularly interesting because they inhabit diverse habitats, from rainforest woodland-savannah. Whether genetic adaptation facilitates habitat diversity remains unknown, despite having wide implications evolutionary biology and...
Strontium isotope (87Sr/86Sr) analysis with reference to strontium landscapes (Sr isoscapes) allows reconstructing mobility and migration in archaeology, ecology, forensics. However, despite the vast potential of research involving 87Sr/86Sr particularly Africa, Sr isoscapes remain unavailable for largest parts continent. Here, we measure ratios 778 environmental samples from 24 African countries combine this data published model a bioavailable isoscape sub-Saharan Africa using random forest...
Abstract The ecology and social behavior of two male bands Hanuman langurs ( Presbytis entellus ) similar size age‐class composition were studied over 18 mo in Rajasthan, Northwest India. Play behaviour was tested as a reflection environmental conditions. One the lived poor habitat where food water often scarce, other rich with relatively abundant resources. For example, proportion fruit eaten much higher for rich‐habitat monkeys (RHM), whereas more than half diet poor‐habitat (PHM)...
Early hominids searched for dispersed food sources in a patchy, uncertain environment, and modern humans encounter equivalent spatial–temporal coordination problems on daily basis. A fundamental, but untested assumption is that our evolved capacity communication integral to success such tasks, allowing information exchange consensus decisions based mutual consideration of pooled information. Here we examine whether enhances group performance humans, test the prediction decision-making...
Abstract Objectives Chimpanzee termite fishing has been studied for decades, yet the selective processes preceding manufacture of tools remain largely unexplored. We investigate raw material selection and potential evidence forward planning in chimpanzees Issa valley, western Tanzania. Materials Methods Using traditional archaeological methods, we surveyed location plants from where sourced to tools, relative targeted mounds. measured abundance test availability selection. Statistics...
Baboons are well studied in savannah but less so more closed habitats. We investigated predation on mammals by olive baboons (Papio anubis) at a geographical and climatic outlier, Gashaka Gumti National Park (Nigeria), the wettest most forested site far studied. Despite abundant wildlife, meat eating was rare selective. Over 16 years, killed 7 bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus) 3 red-flanked duiker (Cephalophus rufilatus) , mostly still-lying ‘parked' infants. Taking observation time into...
Stable isotope analysis is an increasingly used molecular tool to reconstruct the diet and ecology of elusive primates such as unhabituated chimpanzees. The consumption C 4 plant feeding termites by chimpanzees may partly explain relatively high carbon values reported for some chimpanzee communities. However, modest availability termite data well diversity cryptic potentially consumed obscures our ability assess plausibility these a resource. Here we report nitrogen from 79 Macrotermes...
Abstract Aim Paleoclimate reconstructions have enhanced our understanding of how past climates may shaped present-day biodiversity. We hypothesize that habitat stability in historical Afrotropical refugia played a major role the suitability and persistence chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ) during late Quaternary. aimed to build dynamic model changing for at fine spatio-temporal scales provide new resource their ecology, behaviour evolution. Location Afrotropics. Taxon Chimpanzee ), including...
Conservationists often view hybrid animals as problematic, at least if anthropogenic influence caused the intermixing to occur. However, critics propose that humans should respect non-human autonomy, reject and accept creatures they have helped create.Based on two case studies of our own ethological, genetic ethnographic research about chimpanzee orangutan subspecies hybrids, we assess what, anything, be done such animals. We consider problems posed by cross-bred apes relating to: (a)
Humans tend to construct their worldview via binaries, that is, two distinct, nonoverlapping elements, such as the juxtapositions of human–animal, human–machine, or male–female. Our research focuses on binary categories "heterosexuality–homosexuality" and explores how stable malleable they are. For this, authors analyze newspaper coverage sexuality concepts in United Kingdom from 1995 2010 quantify if tolerance toward ambiguous including "bisexuality" vary across time well with gender,...
ABSTRACT Humans favor and venerate their ingroups, while disregarding outgroups to the degree of dehumanizing them. We explore social construction such boundaries its associated speciesism toward two nonhuman outgroups: animals machines. For this, we analyzed UK newspaper coverages binaries Human–Animal Human–Machine between 1995 2010. quantified if how tolerance ambiguous concepts that challenge expand definitions humanness (e.g., primates, cyborgs) varied across time as well with...
Chimpanzee ( Pan troglodytes ) termite fishing has been studied for decades. However, we still know little about how raw material the extraction of tools is obtained. This particularly true potential selection criteria and what these imply underlying cognitive mechanisms, such as forward planning. We employed traditional archaeological methods while studying in two ecologically distinct habitats western Tanzania: Kasekela community, with approximately 55 habituated individuals who reside...
Many animals, including humans and chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes ), eat insects, although frequencies vary greatly between populations. Insects are traditionally either seen as desired nourishment or a fallback fare compensating shortage of preferred foods. We test these explanations against long-term data on at Gashaka, Nigeria. Here, harvest army ants much more frequently than elsewhere, while termite eating is completely absent. report pattern strict seasonality in terms rainfall...