A5036715719- Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research
- Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Neurogenesis and neuroplasticity mechanisms
- Hearing, Cochlea, Tinnitus, Genetics
- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Early Childhood Education and Development
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- Noise Effects and Management
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
University of Colorado Boulder
2009-2023
Center for Neurosciences
2003-2009
Institute of Psychology
2003
University of Colorado System
2002
University of Michigan–Ann Arbor
1997-2000
Yale University
1990-1995
Connecticut Mental Health Center
1991-1993
The goal of this work was to test the involvement central nucleus and basolateral complex amygdala in fear conditioning, using auditory visual conditioned stimuli (CSs). acoustic startle reflex rats used as behavioral index conditioning because is reliably enhanced presence a stimulus (CS) previously paired with footshock. Initially, differential procedures indicated reliable discrimination between noise CS CS. Subsequently, effects lesions were evaluated when both modalities shocks same...
The goal of this work was to test the involvement, in fear conditioning, afferents lateral nucleus amygdala originating from auditory thalamus, cortex, and perirhinal area. acoustic startle reflex used as behavioral index conditioning because it is reliably enhanced presence a conditioned stimulus (CS) previously paired with footshock. Auditory visual CSs were assess modality specificity lesions above brain areas. Pre- or posttraining entire thalamus including ventral, dorsal, medial...
Significance Pain after disease/damage of the nervous system is predominantly treated with opioids, but without exploration long-term consequences. We demonstrate that a short course morphine nerve injury doubles duration neuropathic pain. Using genetic and pharmacological interventions, innovative Designer Receptor Exclusively Activated by Drugs disruption microglia reactivity, we opioid-prolonged pain arises from spinal NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome formation/activation....
Serotonin (5-HT) neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) are implicated mediating learned helplessness (LH) behaviors, such as poor escape responding and expression of exaggerated conditioned fear, induced by acute exposure to uncontrollable stress. DRN 5-HT hyperactive during stress, resulting desensitization type 1A (5-HT1A) inhibitory autoreceptors DRN. 5-HT1A autoreceptor downregulation is thought induce transient sensitization neurons, excessive activity brain areas that control...
The fear-potentiated startle paradigm, in which the amplitude of reflex is enhanced presence a stimulus previously paired with footshock, was used to measure aversive conditioning after intra-amygdala infusion competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist DL-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (AP5). Infusion 2.5 micrograms/side AP5 immediately before five noise-footshock pairings on each 2 consecutive days dose-dependently blocked acquisition or consolidation auditory startle,...
The elicitation and reduction of fear were indexed with fear-potentiated startle corticosterone release, induction the immediate-early gene c-fos as a marker neural activity in male Sprague–Dawley rats. Conditioning consisted pairing one stimulus footshock, which was withheld when conditioned preceded by different modality stimulus, inhibitor. On test day, approximately 60% rats used for situ hybridization, presented either alone, inhibitor compound two stimuli, or no killed 30 min following...
Induction of the nuclear proto-oncogene c-fos in rat amygdala was investigated 30–40 min following presentation mild footshocks (unconditioned fear) or contextual cues associated with similar 24 h earlier (conditioned fear). Initially, it found that handling rats for first time elevated mRNA levels, but this response could be blocked completely by repeated handling. Unconditioned and conditioned fear both dramatically above control levels.
The present study determined simultaneously the behavioural, neuroendocrine and regional brain activity, using semi-quantitative analysis of c-fos mRNA induction, produced by 30 min auditory stimulation at different white noise intensities (background 60 dB, 70, 80, 90 105 dBA), in rats. Only highest (90 dB) significantly increased corticosterone release after stimulation. Behaviourally, dB condition reliably reduced overall moderate (70 80 sleeping time. Three distinct patterns induction...
Intracerebroventricular infusion of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) (0.1-1.0 micrograms) produced a pronounced, dose-dependent enhancement the acoustic startle reflex in rats. This excitatory effect began about 20-30 min after infusion, grew steadily over 2 hr test period, and lasted at least 6 hr. Higher doses CRF (10 often marked facilitation then inhibition that oscillated repeatedly with period 10-20 min. CRF-enhanced did not result from an increase sensitization by repetition...
Abstract The dorsal raphe nucleus (DR) has a topographic neuroanatomy consistent with the idea that different parts of this subserve functions. Here we use dual in situ hybridization to describe rostral‐caudal neurochemical distribution three major cell groups, serotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine; 5‐HT), γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA), and catecholamine, their relative colocalization each other mRNA encoding four receptor subtypes have been described influence DR responses, namely, 5HT‐1A, α 1b...
We have previously found that healthy aged rats are more likely to suffer profound memory impairments following a severe bacterial infection than younger adult rats. Such peripheral challenge is capable of producing neuroinflammatory response, and in the brain this response exaggerated prolonged. Normal aging primes, or sensitizes, microglia, appears be source amplified inflammatory response. Among outcomes synaptic plasticity reductions brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), both which...
Intracerebroventricular (icv) infusion of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) was previously found to produce a long-lasting, dose-dependent (0.1-1.0 microgram) increase in the amplitude acoustic startle reflex. The present study sought determine where CNS CRF acts startle. Intracisternal increased with time course and magnitude similar that produced by icv CRF, unlike intrathecal infusion, which small, more rapid enhancement While lesions paraventricular nucleus hypothalamus had no effect...
The present study is part of an ongoing series experiments aimed at delineation the neural pathways that mediate fear-potentiated startle, a model conditioned fear in which acoustic startle reflex enhanced when elicited presence light previously paired with shock. A number cortical areas might be involved relaying information about visual stimulus (the light) were investigated. One hundred thirty-five rats given 10 light-shock pairings on each 2 consecutive days, and 1–2 d later electrolytic...