The orange-red emitting phosphors based on M(2)Si(5)N(8):Eu (M = Sr, Ba) are widely utilized in white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) because of their improvement the color rendering index (CRI), which is brilliant for warm light emission. Nitride-based adopted high-performance applications excellent thermal and chemical stabilities. A series nitridosilicate phosphor compounds, M(2-x)Si(5)N(8):Eu(x) Ba), were prepared by solid-state reaction. degradation air was only observed...

Tuning and optimizing luminescent properties of oxonitridosilicates phosphors are important for white light-emitting diode (WLED) applications. To improve the color rendering index, correlated temperature thermal stability layer-structured MSi2O2N2:Eu (M = Sr, Ba) phosphors, cation substitutions have been used to adjust their properties. However, underlying mechanisms still unclear. In this research, a series (Sr1–xBax)Si2O2N2:Eu (0 ≤ x 1) compounds were prepared by solid-state reaction,...

We perform an observationally based evaluation of the cloud ice water content (CIWC) and path (CIWP) present‐day GCMs, notably 20th century CMIP5 simulations, compare these results to CMIP3 two recent reanalyses. use three different CloudSat + CALIPSO products methods remove contribution from convective core mass and/or precipitating hydrometeors with variable sizes falling speeds so that a robust observational estimate can be obtained for model evaluations. The show annual mean CIWP, there...

Red or yellow phosphors excited by a blue light-emitting diode are an efficient source of white light for everyday applications. Many solid oxides and nitrides, particularly silicon nitride-based materials such as M(2)Si(5)N(8) MSi(2)O(2)N(2) (M = Ca, Sr, Ba), CaAlSiN(3), SiAlON, useful phosphor hosts with good thermal stabilities. Both oxide/nitride various cation substitutions commonly used to shift the emission spectrum optimize luminescent properties, but underlying mechanisms not always...

Abstract Objective To assess mental health related outcomes of Recipe4Health, a multisectoral social care partnership implementing produce prescriptions with or without group medical visits (GMVs). Study Setting and Design Recipe4Health was implemented at five community centers from 2020 to 2023. Primary teams referred patients food insecurity and/or nutrition‐sensitive chronic conditions (e.g., diabetes, depression) 16 weeks Food Farmacy (produce prescriptions) the option GMV participation....

A unified tropospheric chemistry‐aerosol model within the Goddard Institute for Space Studies general circulation II′ is applied to simulate an equilibrium CO 2 ‐forced climate in year 2100 examine effects of change on global distributions ozone and sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, black carbon, primary organic secondary sea salt, mineral dust aerosols. The concentration as well anthropogenic emissions precursors aerosols/aerosol are based Intergovernmental Panel Climate Change Special Report...

Abstract. We calculate decadal aerosol direct and indirect (warm cloud) radiative forcings from US anthropogenic sources over the 1950–2050 period. Past future distributions are constructed using GEOS-Chem historical emission inventories projections IPCC A1B scenario. Aerosol simulations evaluated with observed spatial 1980–2010 trends of concentrations wet deposition in contiguous US. Direct forcing is calculated GISS general circulation model monthly mean GEOS-Chem. The aerosols strongly...

A new Eu3+-activated oxyfluoride phosphor Ca12Al14O32F2:Eu3+ (CAOF:Eu3+) was synthesized by a solid state reaction. Commonly red line emission detected in the range of 570–700 nm. To achieve requirement illumination, this study revealed crystal chemistry approach to reduce Eu ions from 3+ 2+ lattice. Replacing Al3+–F– appreciate dopant Si4+–O2– is adopted enlarge activator site that enables Eu3+ be reduced. The crystallization samples examined powder X-ray diffraction (XRD) and high...

Abstract. We investigate the climate response to changing US anthropogenic aerosol sources over 1950–2050 period by using NASA GISS general circulation model (GCM) and comparing observed temperature trends. Time-dependent distributions are generated from GEOS-Chem chemical transport applied historical emission inventories future projections. Radiative forcing aerosols peaked in 1970–1990 has strongly declined since due air quality regulations. find that regional radiative elicits a strong...

If mitigation of black carbon (BC) particulate matter is accompanied by a decrease in particle number emissions, and thereby global cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) concentrations, radiative forcing (a reverse “cloud albedo effect”) results. We consider two present‐day scenarios: 50% reduction primary carbon/organic (BC/OC) mass emissions from fossil fuel combustion (termed HF), BC/OC all carbonaceous sources (fossil fuel, domestic biofuel, biomass burning) HC). Radiative effects these...

[1] Climate models often ignore the radiative impact of precipitating hydrometeors. CloudSat retrievals provide first means to distinguish between cloud versus ice mass and characterize its vertical structure. With this information, transfer calculations are performed examine excluding on atmospheric fluxes heating rates. The preliminary results show that such exclusion can result in underestimates reflective shortwave flux at top atmosphere (TOA) overestimates downwelling surface emitted...

The remarkable narrow-band emission of trivalent lanthanide-doped phosphors excited by the vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) radiation lines Xe atoms/Xe2 molecules at 147/172 nm are extensively investigated in development plasma display panels and Hg-free fluorescent lamps, which frequently used our daily lives. Numerous solid materials, particularly Tb3+-doped oxides, such as silicates, phosphates borates, efficient green/blue sources with color-tunable properties. excitation wavelength rare earth...

Intense economic and industrial development in China has been accompanied by severe local air pollution, as well other downwind countries East Asia. This study analyzes satellite observational data of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen (NO2), aerosol optical depth (AOD) to explore the spatial distribution, long-term temporal variation, correlation meteorological conditions over this region period 2005–2015. SO2 NO2 are retrieved from ozone monitoring instrument (OMI) onboard National Aeronautics...

The treatment of biomass burning (BB) carbonaceous particles in the Multiangle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) Standard Aerosol Retrieval Algorithm is assessed, and algorithm refinements are suggested, based on a theoretical sensitivity analysis comparisons with near‐coincident AERONET measurements at representative BB sites. Over natural ranges aerosol microphysical optical properties observed past field campaigns, patterns retrieved Optical Depth (AOD), particle size, single scattering...

Graphene thin films have great potential to function as transparent electrodes in organic electronic devices, due their excellent conductivity and high transparency. Recently, light-emitting diodes (OLEDs)have been successfully demonstrated possess luminous efficiencies with p-doped graphene anodes. However, reliable methods fabricate n-doped cathodes lacking, which would limit the application of flexible electronics. In this paper, we demonstrate fully solution-processed OLEDs n-type doped...

We extend the theory of climate feedbacks to include atmospheric chemistry. A change in temperature caused by a radiative forcing will include, general, contribution from chemical that is fed back into system; likewise, burdens associated system. The includes two feedback gains, G che and cli . defined as ratio equilibrium global mean owing long‐lived greenhouse gas forcing, under full climate‐chemistry coupling, absence coupling. aerosol or gas‐phase employ climate‐atmospheric chemistry...

We explore the extent to which chemistry‐aerosol‐climate coupling influences predictions of future ozone and aerosols as well climate using Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) general circulation model II' with on‐line simulation tropospheric ozone‐NO x ‐hydrocarbon chemistry sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, black carbon, primary organic secondary carbon aerosols. Based on IPCC scenario A2, year 2100 ozone, aerosols, simulated full are compared those from a stepwise approach. In method...

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute and multi-systemic vasculitis that occurs predominantly in infants young children. Although the etiological agent of KD remains unclear, limited studies have reported windborne environmental factors may trigger KD.We conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study to assess associations between air pollutants Taiwan.We identified children < 5 years old with diagnosis from Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000 (LHID2000) 2010. We obtained data...