Context: The Balance Error Scoring System (BESS) is commonly used by researchers and clinicians to evaluate balance.A growing number of studies are using the BESS as an outcome measure beyond scope its original purpose. Objective: To provide objective systematic review reliability validity BESS. Data Sources: PubMed CINHAL were searched from January 1999 through December 2010. Study Selection: Selection was based on establishment Research articles selected if they established or (criterion...

The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ coactivator-1 (PGC-1) can induce mitochondria biogenesis and has been implicated in the development of oxidative type I muscle fibers. PPAR isoforms α, β/δ, γ control transcription genes involved fatty acid glucose metabolism. As endurance training increases skeletal fiber content capacity, our aim was to determine whether these could be mediated by possible effects on PGC-1 or PPAR-α, -β/δ, -γ. Seven healthy men performed 6 weeks...

A multidrug resistance phenotype is frequently observed in animal and human cell lines selected for vitro to a single chemotherapeutic agent. Overexpression of highly conserved cell-surface glycoprotein (P-glycoprotein) consistently associated with this these mutant lines. monoclonal antibody against P-glycoprotein was used examine tumor samples from five patients advanced ovarian cancer evidence overexpression. High levels were detected two suggesting that mutation may also occur cancer....

OBJECTIVE There exists a need to better understand the biomechanical forces associated with head impacts in American football. The purpose of this study was investigate whether or not differences accelerations existed between different player positions and event types collegiate We also sought identify any associations high-magnitude location impacts. METHODS conducted prospective field which accelerometers were embedded football helmets 72 players. Linear all sustained over course 2005 2006...

Background: Recommendations exist to encourage safe youth participation in sport. These recommendations include not specializing 1 sport, limiting less than 8 months per year, and fewer hours week a child’s age. However, limited evidence exists support or refute these recommendations. Hypothesis: High levels of specialization will be associated with history injuries especially overuse injuries, independent age, sex, weekly sport training hours. Athletes who exceed current volume more likely...

Previous studies have identified abnormalities in brain and motor functioning after concussion that persist well beyond observed clinical recovery. Recent work suggests subtle deficits neurocognition may impair neuromuscular control thus potentially increase risk of lower extremity musculoskeletal injury concussion.To determine the odds sustaining an acute during 90-day period return to play from a cohort National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I collegiate athletes.Cohort...

In the spring of 2020, US schools closed to in-person teaching and sports were cancelled control transmission coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). It is critical understand mental physical health adolescent athletes during this time.

Background: The prevalence of sport specialization in high school athletes is unknown. This information needed to determine the scope this issue an active population. Purpose: To and if influenced by classification method, year school, sex, size. A secondary purpose was highly specialized would be more likely report a history lower extremity injuries. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level evidence, 3. Methods: High between ages 13 18 years from 2 local schools completed both survey...

Kimberlites from the Kaapvaal craton have sampled numerous mantle garnet lherzolites in addition to harzburgites. Trace element characteristics of constituent clinopyroxenes allow two groups be distinguished. compositions all are characterized by enrichment light rare earth elements (LREE) and large ion lithophile a relative depletion Ti, Nb, Ta, lesser extent Zr Hf. However, LREE Nb (Hf) less Type 1 than 2 clinopyroxenes. Our study suggests that melts responsible for metasomatic imprints...

Overexpression of an immunologically conserved, cell-surface glycoprotein (P-glycoprotein) is consistently associated with multidrug resistance in cell lines vitro. A preliminary survey specimens from 12 solid tumor types our laboratories indicates significant overexpression P-glycoprotein some sarcomas. When tested by immunoblotting monoclonal antibodies directed against P-glycoprotein; tumors six 25 sarcoma patients displayed elevated levels P-glycoprotein. Three the exhibiting had not...

Bell, DR, Sanfilippo, JL, Binkley, N, and Heiderscheit, BC. Lean mass asymmetry influences force power during jumping in collegiate athletes. J Strength Cond Res 28(4): 884–891, 2014—The purpose of this investigation was to (a) examine how lower extremity lean influenced jumping, (b) determine affected jump height, (c) report normative values Force were assessed from each limb using bilateral plates a countermovement 167 division 1 athletes (mass = 85.7 ± 20.3 kg, age 20.0 1.2 years; 103 men...

Limitations in gastrocnemius/soleus flexibility that restrict ankle dorsiflexion during dynamic tasks have been reported individuals with patellofemoral pain (PFP) and are theorized to play a role its development.To determine the effect of restricted ankle-dorsiflexion range motion (ROM) on lower extremity kinematics muscle activity (EMG) squat. The authors hypothesized ROM would alter knee EMG squat.Cross-sectional.30 healthy, recreationally active without history injury.Each participant...

Sport specialization is associated with an increased risk of musculoskeletal lower extremity injuries (LEIs) in adolescent athletes presenting clinical settings. However, sport and the incidence LEIs have not been investigated prospectively a large population athletes.To determine if was high school athletes.Cohort study; Level evidence, 2.Participants (interscholastic grades 9-12) were recruited from 29 Wisconsin schools during 2015-2016 year. Participants completed questionnaire...

High school athletes are increasingly encouraged to participate in 1 sport year-round increase their skills. However, no study has examined the association of competition volume, club participation, and specialization with sex lower extremity injury (LEI) a large sample high athletes.Increased participating on team outside sports, levels will all be associated history LEI. Girls more likely engage higher team, classified as highly specialized.Cross-sectional study.Level 3.High completed...

Background: Returning to a healthy level of physical activity is among the most commonly discussed clinical goals for patients recovering from anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). However, has not been objectively measured in this population. Purpose: To investigate differences mean time (min/d) spent moderate-to-vigorous (MVPA) as well daily step count (steps/d) between who underwent ACLR and matched controls. A second purpose was relationships MVPA objective assessments Tegner...

Objective To assess the patterns of alternative medicine use in patients a public hospital oncology unit, and to compare patients' experience with conventional medicine. Design setting Self-administered questionnaire survey cancer attending specialist consulting rooms at Royal North Shore Hospital Oncology Outpatient Clinic Port Macquarie Base during August 1995. Participants 507 attended clinics; 335 (66%) returned questionnaires, which 319 (62%) were sufficiently complete for analysis....

We impose geologic constraints on seismic three‐dimensional (3‐D) images of the upper mantle beneath southern Africa by calculating velocities and rock densities from approximately 120 geothermobarometrically calibrated xenoliths Archean Kaapvaal craton adjacent Proterozoic mobile belts. Velocity density estimates are based elastic thermal moduli constituent minerals under equilibrium P‐T conditions at source. The largest sources error in velocity derive inaccurate thermo‐barometry and, to a...

Context: Few validation studies of sport injury-surveillance systems are available. Objective: To determine the validity a Web-based system for surveillance collegiate injuries, Injury Surveillance System (ISS) National Collegiate Athletic Association's (NCAA). Design: Validation study comparing NCAA ISS data from 2 fall sports (men's and women's soccer) with other types clinical records maintained by certified athletic trainers. Setting: A purposive sample 15 colleges universities that...

Excessive trunk motion and deficits in neuromuscular control (NMC) of the lumbopelvic hip complex are risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. However, relationship between motion, NMC complex, triplanar knee loads during a sidestep cutting task has not been examined.To determine if there is an association multiplanar with ACL injury task.Descriptive laboratory study.The biomechanics 30 participants (15 male, 15 female) were analyzed using optoelectric camera system...