Number sense, the ability to estimate numerosity, is observed in naïve animals, but how this cognitive function emerges brain remains unclear. Here, using an artificial deep neural network that models ventral visual stream of brain, we show number-selective neurons can arise spontaneously, even complete absence learning. We also responses these induce abstract number discriminate numerosity independent low-level cues. found tuning a randomly initialized originating from combination...

Face-selective neurons are observed in the primate visual pathway and considered as basis of face detection brain. However, it has been debated to whether this neuronal selectivity can arise innately or requires training from experience. Here, using a hierarchical deep neural network model ventral stream, we suggest mechanism which face-selectivity arises complete absence training. We found that units selective faces emerge robustly randomly initialized networks these reproduce many...

Significance The striatum is critically involved in voluntary motor control and reward-based learning. To formulate a nuanced model of the striatum, it would be important to understand how functional ensembles striatal neurons are organized spatiotemporal domain. In this perspective, we monitored ensemble activity large number mice performing classical conditioning task self-paced open-field test. We found partially overlapping learning-dependent spatial organizations neuronal clusters for...

In the primary visual cortex (V1) of higher mammals, long-range horizontal connections (LHCs) are observed to develop, linking iso-orientation domains cortical tuning. It is unknown how this feature-specific wiring circuitry develops before eye-opening. Here, we suggest that LHCs in V1 may originate from spatiotemporally structured feedforward activities generated spontaneous retinal waves. Using model simulations based on anatomy and activity patterns retina, show waves propagating mosaics...

In higher mammals, the primary visual cortex (V1) is organized into diverse tuning maps of features. The topography these intersects orthogonally, but it remains unclear how such a systematic relationship can develop. Here, we show that orthogonal organization already exists in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) mosaics, providing blueprint V1. From analysis RGC mosaics data monkeys and cats, find ON-OFF distance angle neighboring RGCs are topographic tiling across analogous to intersection...

Abstract Face-selective neurons are observed in the primate visual pathway and considered basis of facial recognition brain. However, it is debated whether this neuronal selectivity can arise spontaneously, or requires training from experience. Here, we show that face-selective spontaneously random feedforward networks absence learning. Using biologically inspired deep neural networks, found under three different network conditions: one trained using non-face natural images, randomized after...

Many anatomical and physiological features of cortical circuits, ranging from the biophysical properties synapses to connectivity patterns among different neuron types, exhibit consistent variation along hierarchical axis sensory association areas. Notably, temporal correlation neural activity at rest, known as intrinsic timescale, increases systematically this hierarchy in both primates rodents, analogous increasing scale complexity spatial receptive fields. However, how timescales for...

Abstract Various patterns of neural activity are observed in dynamic cortical imaging data. Such may reflect how neurons communicate using the underlying circuitry to perform appropriate functions; thus it is crucial investigate spatiotemporal characteristics patterns. In general, however, activities highly nonlinear and complex, so a demanding job analyze them quantitatively or classify various types Here, we present our implementation novel method that successfully addresses above issues...

Abstract Timescales of temporally correlated neural activity vary systematically along the anatomical hierarchy primate cortex. Here, we found a similar hierarchical gradient timescales in intrinsic as well task-related cortical activities across monkeys, rats, and mice they performed decision-making tasks, whereas thalamic did not follow their counterparts. These findings suggest that ordering may arise from intra-cortical recurrent connectivity rather than transthalamic projections, which...

The concordance between physical appearance and personality to build appropriate images of the robot becomes a critical issue, however, there are few studies concerning integrated approaches toward this interrelationship. This research aims identify such interrelationship based on Korean traditional Sasang typology theory which classifies people into four distinctive types in relation personalities, appearances, susceptibilities certain diseases. Through an intensive web-survey,...

An increasing number of chief executives (CEs) understand the importance design and show strong interest in management. What specific traits or behavior factors are common to CE who values management? How do these core interact with one another produce successful designs To answer questions, researchers reviewed company literature public press materials order identify influential that would most help a toward The review found four: awareness, good sense design, support for involvement...

Abstract The primary visual cortex of higher mammals is organized into diverse functional maps correlated topography, implying an efficient tiling domains. However, no fundamental principle available on how systematic organization the could develop initially in various species. Here, we propose that are seeded from a common framework retinal afferents, and this universality development explains observed topographical correlations among maps. From simulation ganglion cell mosaics,...

Abstract Number-selective neurons are observed in numerically naïve animals, but it was not understood how this innate function emerges the brain. Here, we show that tuned to numbers can arise random feedforward networks, even complete absence of learning. Using a biologically inspired deep neural network, found number tuning arises three cases networks: one trained non-numerical natural images, randomized after trained, and never trained. Number-tuned showed characteristics were brain...

In mammalian visual cortex, neural tuning to stimulus orientation is organized in either columnar 1 or salt- and-pepper 2 patterns across species. This often considered reflect disparate mechanisms of cortical development taxa. However, it unknown whether different architectures are generated by species-specific 3,4 , simply originate from the variation biological parameters within a universal principle 5–8 . We analysed eight species and found that organization predictable single factor:...

Abstract In higher mammals, the primary visual cortex (V1) is organized into diverse tuning maps of features such as orientation, spatial frequency and ocular dominance. The topography these observed to intersect orthogonally, implying that a developmental principle for efficient tiling sensory modules may exist. However, it remains unclear how systematic relationship among cortical could develop. Here, we show orthogonal organization already exist in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) mosaics,...

Abstract In the primary visual cortex (V1) of higher mammals, long-range horizontal connections (LHCs) are observed to develop, linking iso-orientation domains cortical tuning. It is unknown how this feature-specific wiring circuitry develops before eye opening. Here, we show that LHCs in V1 may originate from spatio-temporally structured feedforward activities generated spontaneous retinal waves. Using model simulations based on anatomy and activity patterns retina, waves propagating...