A5025954136- Neural dynamics and brain function
- Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Neural Networks and Applications
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Retinal Development and Disorders
- Advanced Memory and Neural Computing
- Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Face Recognition and Perception
- Neuroscience and Neural Engineering
- Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Color perception and design
- Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills
- CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors
- Retinal Imaging and Analysis
- EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Advanced Vision and Imaging
- Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Image Processing Techniques and Applications
- Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Dental Implant Techniques and Outcomes
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
2015-2024
Korea Institute of Brain Science
2015-2023
Brain (Germany)
2017-2020
Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization
2016
University of California, Los Angeles
2011-2012
University of California, Berkeley
2009-2010
Northwestern University
2007
Interneurons control brain arousal states The underlying circuit mechanisms coordinating and motor activity are poorly understood. Liu et al. found that glutamic acid decarboxylase 2 (GAD2)–expressing, but not parvalbumin-expressing, interneurons in a part of the known as substantia nigra promote sleep (see Perspective by Wisden Franks). Parvalbuminergic neurons fire at higher rates high activity, their activation increases movement termination consistent with function suppressing unwanted...
Number sense, the ability to estimate numerosity, is observed in naïve animals, but how this cognitive function emerges brain remains unclear. Here, using an artificial deep neural network that models ventral visual stream of brain, we show number-selective neurons can arise spontaneously, even complete absence learning. We also responses these induce abstract number discriminate numerosity independent low-level cues. found tuning a randomly initialized originating from combination...
Face-selective neurons are observed in the primate visual pathway and considered as basis of face detection brain. However, it has been debated to whether this neuronal selectivity can arise innately or requires training from experience. Here, using a hierarchical deep neural network model ventral stream, we suggest mechanism which face-selectivity arises complete absence training. We found that units selective faces emerge robustly randomly initialized networks these reproduce many...
Spatiotemporal mapping of neural interactions through electrocorticography (ECoG) is the key to understanding brain functions and disorders. For entire cortical areas, this approach has been challenging, especially in freely moving states, owing need for extensive craniotomy. Here, we introduce a flexible microelectrode array system, termed iWEBS, which can be inserted small cranial slit stably wrap onto curved surface. Using measured dynamic changes signals across major domains, namely,...
Recent breakthroughs in neuroanatomical tracing methods have helped unravel complicated neural connectivity whole-brain tissue at single-cell resolution. However, most cases, analysis of brain images remains dependent on highly subjective and sample-specific manual processing, preventing precise comparison across sample animals. In the present study, we introduce AMaSiNe, software for automated mapping single neurons standard mouse atlas with annotated regions. AMaSiNe automatically...
Significance The striatum is critically involved in voluntary motor control and reward-based learning. To formulate a nuanced model of the striatum, it would be important to understand how functional ensembles striatal neurons are organized spatiotemporal domain. In this perspective, we monitored ensemble activity large number mice performing classical conditioning task self-paced open-field test. We found partially overlapping learning-dependent spatial organizations neuronal clusters for...
Objective Low‐level somatic mosaicism in the brain has been shown to be a major genetic cause of intractable focal epilepsy. However, how relatively few mutation‐carrying neurons are able induce epileptogenesis at local network level remains poorly understood. Methods To probe origin epileptogenesis, we measured excitability with MTOR mutation and nearby nonmutated recorded by whole‐cell patch‐clamp array‐based electrodes comparing topographic distribution mutation. Computational simulation...
Abstract Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) represent neurodevelopmental characterized by social deficits, repetitive behaviors, and various comorbidities, including epilepsy. ANK2 , which encodes a neuronal scaffolding protein, is frequently mutated in ASD, but its vivo functions disease-related mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we report that mice with Ank2 knockout restricted to cortical hippocampal excitatory neurons (Ank2-cKO mice) show ASD-related behavioral abnormalities juvenile...
Maps representing the preference of neurons for location and orientation a stimulus on visual field are hallmark primary cortex. It is not yet known how these maps develop what function they play in processing. One hypothesis postulates that initially seeded by spatial interference ON- OFF-center retinal receptive mosaics. Here we show such mechanism predicts link between layout preferences around singularities different signs cardinal axes retinotopic map. Moreover, confirm predicted...
Abstract NMDA receptor (NMDAR) and GABA neuronal dysfunctions are observed in animal models of autism spectrum disorders, but how these impair social cognition behavior remains unclear. We report here that NMDARs cortical parvalbumin (Pv)-positive interneurons cooperate with gap junctions to promote high-frequency (>80 Hz) Pv burst firing cognition. Shank2 –/– mice, displaying improved sociability upon NMDAR activation, show impaired representation inhibitory firing. Cortical neurons...
In higher mammals, orientation tuning of neurons is organized into a quasi-periodic pattern in the primary visual cortex. Our previous model studies suggested that topography cortical maps may originate from moiré interference ON and OFF retinal ganglion cell (RGC) mosaics, but did not account for how consistent spatial period could be achieved. Here we address this issue with two crucial findings on development RGC mosaics: first, homotypic local repulsion between RGCs can develop...
Metabolic dysregulation of neurons is associated with diverse human brain disorders. reprogramming occurs during neuronal differentiation, but it not fully understood which molecules regulate metabolic changes at the early stages neurogenesis. In this study, we report that miR-124 a driver change initiating stage Proteome analysis has shown oxidative phosphorylation pathway to be most significantly altered among differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in immature after knockdown miR-124....
Spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP) is considered critical to learning and memory functions in the human brain. Across various types of synapse, STDP observed as different profiles Hebbian anti-Hebbian rules. However, specific roles diverse formation still remain elusive. Here, we show that symmetry rate profile crucial determining character stored memory. Using computer simulations, found an asymmetric generates flexible volatile easily overwritten by newly appended information....
Correlated neural activities such as synchronizations can significantly alter the characteristics of spike transfer between layers. However, it is not clear how this synchronization-dependent be affected by structure convergent feedforward wiring. To address question, we implemented computer simulations model networks: a source and target layer connected with different types wiring rules. In Gaussian-Gaussian (GG) model, both connection probability strength are given Gaussian distribution...
In the primary visual cortex (V1) of higher mammals, long-range horizontal connections (LHCs) are observed to develop, linking iso-orientation domains cortical tuning. It is unknown how this feature-specific wiring circuitry develops before eye-opening. Here, we suggest that LHCs in V1 may originate from spatiotemporally structured feedforward activities generated spontaneous retinal waves. Using model simulations based on anatomy and activity patterns retina, show waves propagating mosaics...
Abstract It is unclear how different types of cortical projection neurons work together to support diverse functions. We examined the discharge characteristics and inactivation effects intratelencephalic (IT) pyramidal tract (PT) neurons—two major excitatory that project subcortical structures, respectively—in deep layer medial prefrontal cortex in mice performing a delayed response task. found stronger target-dependent firing IT than PT during delay period. also neurons, but not impairs...
Amygdala circuitry encodes associations between conditioned stimuli and aversive unconditioned also controls fear expression. However, whether how non-threatening information for unpaired (CS-) is discretely processed remains unknown. The expression toward CS- robust immediately after conditioning but then becomes negligible memory consolidation. synaptic plasticity of the neural pathway from lateral to anterior basal amygdala gates CS-, depending upon neuronal PAS domain protein 4...
Synchronized oscillation is very commonly observed in many neuronal systems and might play an important role the response properties of system. We have studied how spontaneous oscillatory activity affects responsiveness a network, using neural network model visual cortex built from Hodgkin-Huxley type excitatory (E-) inhibitory (I-) neurons. When isotropic local E-I I-E synaptic connections were sufficiently strong, generated gamma frequency firing patterns to random feed-forward (FF) input...
Synchronized gamma frequency oscillations in neural networks are thought to be important sensory information processing, and their effects have been intensively studied. Here we describe a mechanism by which the nervous system can readily control oscillation effects, depending selectively on visual stimuli. Using model network simulation, found that response primary cortex is significantly modulated resonance between "spontaneous" "stimulus-driven" oscillations. This precisely controlled...