A5029592941- Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Neuropeptides and Animal Physiology
- Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- PARP inhibition in cancer therapy
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Calcium signaling and nucleotide metabolism
- Toxin Mechanisms and Immunotoxins
- Biochemical Analysis and Sensing Techniques
- Nerve injury and regeneration
- Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Pharmacological Receptor Mechanisms and Effects
- Molecular Sensors and Ion Detection
- Advanced Chemical Sensor Technologies
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors Study
- Cancer, Stress, Anesthesia, and Immune Response
- Diet and metabolism studies
- Neurological Disorders and Treatments
- Cerebrovascular and genetic disorders
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
Institute for Basic Science
2019-2025
Daejeon University
2024
Korea University
2019-2022
Korea Institute of Science and Technology
2019-2020
The underlying mechanisms of how positive emotional valence (e.g., pleasure) causes preference an associated context is poorly understood. Here, we show that activation astrocytic μ-opioid receptor (MOR) drives conditioned place (CPP) by means specific modulation MOR, exemplar endogenous Gi protein-coupled (Gi-GPCR), in the CA1 hippocampus. Long-term potentiation (LTP) induced a subthreshold stimulation with MOR at Schaffer collateral pathway accounts for memory acquisition to induce CPP....
Abstract An ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now the greatest threat to global public health. Herbal medicines and their derived natural products have drawn much attention in treatment COVID-19, but detailed mechanisms by which inhibit SARS-CoV-2 not been elucidated. Here, we show that platycodin D (PD), a triterpenoid saponin abundant Platycodon grandiflorum (PG), dietary medicinal herb commonly used East Asia, effectively blocks two main infection routes via...
Abstract Reactive astrogliosis is a hallmark of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, clinically validated neuroimaging probe to visualize the reactive yet be discovered. Here, we show that PET imaging with 11C-acetate and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) functionally visualizes astrocyte-mediated neuronal hypometabolism in brains neuroinflammation AD. To investigate alterations acetate glucose metabolism diseased their impact on AD pathology, adopted multifaceted approaches including microPET...
Glucose hypometabolism in cortical structures after functional disconnection is frequently reported patients with white matter diseases such as subcortical stroke. However, the molecular and cellular mechanisms have been poorly elucidated. Here we show, an animal model of internal capsular infarct, that GABA-synthesizing reactive astrocytes distant areas cause glucose via tonic inhibition neighboring neurons. We find reversal aberrant astrocytic GABA synthesis, by pharmacological...
Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by chronic inflammation and the destruction of joints systemic organs. RA commonly accompanied neuropsychiatric complications, such as cognitive impairment depression. However, role monoamine oxidase (MAO) its inhibitors in controlling neurotransmitters associated with these complications have not been clearly identified. Here, we report that peripheral central MAO-B are highly joint RA, respectively. Ribonucleic acid...
Abstract Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) represent neurodevelopmental characterized by social deficits, repetitive behaviors, and various comorbidities, including epilepsy. ANK2 , which encodes a neuronal scaffolding protein, is frequently mutated in ASD, but its vivo functions disease-related mechanisms are largely unknown. Here, we report that mice with Ank2 knockout restricted to cortical hippocampal excitatory neurons (Ank2-cKO mice) show ASD-related behavioral abnormalities juvenile...
Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) is a central oxidant in redox biology due to its pleiotropic role physiology and pathology. However, real-time monitoring of H2O2 living cells tissues remains challenge. We address this gap with the development an optogenetic hydRogen perOxide Sensor (oROS), leveraging bacterial peroxide binding domain OxyR. Previously engineered OxyR-based fluorescent sensors lack necessary sensitivity or response speed for effective monitoring. By structurally redesigning fusion...
The cascade of molecular and cellular events leading to neuronal death after a focal ischemic stroke remains enigmatic. Although astrocytes form glial barriers that may protect surrounding tissue, how develop contribute is unclear. Here, we show H2O2 induces astrocytic type I collagen (COL1) production via miR-29 mediated post-transcriptional fucosylation-dependent post-translational regulations, integrin activation death. In photothrombosis (PT)-induced cortical model, PT triggered surge,...
(Cell Reports 32, 107861-1–14.e1–e7; July 7, 2020) In the originally published version of this article, author name Jung Moo Lee was spelled incorrectly. This has now been corrected online. The authors regret error. Excessive Astrocytic GABA Causes Cortical Hypometabolism and Impedes Functional Recovery after Subcortical StrokeNam et al.Cell ReportsJuly 07, 2020In BriefNam al. demonstrate that excessive from reactive astrocytes accounts for cortical glucose hypometabolism followed by...
Parkinson' s disease (PD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative motor disorder.While PD has been attributed to dopaminergic neuronal death in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), accumulating lines of evidence have suggested that reactive astrogliosis critically involved pathology.These pathological changes are associated with α-synuclein aggregation, which more prone be induced by an A53T mutation.Therefore, overexpression A53T-mutated (A53T-α-syn) utilized as a popular animal model...
The μ-opioid receptor (MOR) is a class of opioid receptors characterized by high affinity for β-endorphin and morphine. MOR G protein-coupled (GPCR) that plays role in reward analgesic effects. While expression has been well established neurons microglia, astrocytic less clear. Recently, we have reported expressed hippocampal astrocytes, its activation critical the establishment conditioned place preference. Despite this role, function from other brain regions are still unknown. Here, report...
Abstract Hydrogen Peroxide (H 2 O ) is a central oxidant in redox biology due to its pleiotropic role physiology and pathology. However, real-time monitoring of H living cells tissues remains challenge. We address this gap with the development an optogenetic hydRogen perOxide Sensor (oROS), leveraging bacterial peroxide binding domain OxyR. Previously engineered OxyR-based fluorescent sensors lack necessary sensitivity response speed for effective monitoring. By structurally redesigning...
Abstract An ongoing pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is now the greatest threat to global public health. Herbal medicines and their derived natural products have drawn much attention treat COVID-19, but there has been no product showing inhibitory activity against SARS-CoV-2 infection with detailed mechanism. Here, we show that platycodin D (PD), a triterpenoid saponin abundant in Platycodon grandiflorum (PG), dietary medicinal herb commonly used East Asia, effectively blocks...
Abstract An early appearance of reactive astrocytes is a hallmark Alzheimer’s disease (AD) 1,2 , providing substrate for diagnostic neuroimaging targets. However, there no clinically validated probe to visualize the astrogliosis in human brain vivo . Here, we report that PET/CT imaging with 11 C-acetate and 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose ( F-FDG) functionally visualizes astrocyte-mediated neuronal hypometabolism brains neuroinflammation AD. We demonstrate excessively absorb acetate through elevated...
SUMMARY The lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) regulates food intake and energy expenditure. Although LHA neurons innervate adipose tissues, the identity of that regulate fat is undefined. Here we identify Gabra5-positive in (GABRA5 ) polysynaptically project to brown white tissues periphery. GABRA5 are a distinct subpopulation GABAergic show decreased pacemaker firing diet-induced obesity (DIO) mouse model. Chemogenetic inhibition suppresses expenditure increases weight gain, whereas...
Summary paragraph Hemoglobin (Hb) is well-known for transporting oxygen in red blood cells within vessels 1 . Although Hb also present the brain 2 , its role remains poorly understood. Here, we show that Hb, found astrocytes of neurodegenerative animal models and patients, displays significant antioxidant effects through H O -decomposing peroxidase activity, a small molecule enhancer boosts this reducing aberrant mitigating -induced neurodegeneration. To counteract harmful -production...