The study evaluated the impact of fungicide programs (FPs) on disease control in soybean during 2021/2022 season La Paloma, Katueté and Nueva Esperanza (Canindeyú, Paraguay). area under progress curve (AUDPC) was for predominant diseases, defoliation, yield. In addition, efficacy (CE) reduction productivity (RP) were calculated. Variance analysis conducted factors FP, Location, their interaction, using Tukey’s test at a 5 % error level mean comparisons. Target spot (TS) Cercospora leaf...

Stevia is a semi-perennial crop grown to obtain the diterpene glycosides in its leaves, which are processed manufacture non-caloric sweeteners. Anaerobic soil disinfestation (ASD) and fungicide application were evaluated for management of stevia stem rot (SSR) Septoria leaf spot (SLS) lab field experiments. In 2019 2021, experiments using carbon sources ASD carried out microplots at NCSU (Clayton, NC, USA). 2020/21 2021/22 seasons, conducted CSAEGRO, Mexico (MX) CEDIT, Paraguay (PY) 2 × 3...

Introducción. Paraguay es el sexto productor y tercer exportador mundial de soja (Glycine max x (L.) Merr.), este cultivo mayor importancia socioeconómica en país. Sin embargo, su productividad puede verse afectada por enfermedades causadas hongos fitopatógenos. Además, la información fitosanitaria sobre limitada. Objetivo. Comprender percepción agricultores las principales manejo. Materiales Métodos. Entre abril mayo 2022, se aplicó un cuestionario formato Google Forrms con preguntas...

Los hongos del género Trichoderma, debido a su distribución cosmopolita, rápido crecimiento y producción de abundante esporas, son candidatos ideales para aplicaciones en programas control biológico diferentes hábitats. Con el objetivo identificar molecularmente las cepas Trichoderma spp. evaluar efecto in vitro la temperatura sobre colonias, se realizó una investigación Laboratorio Fitopatología Centro Investigación Capitán Miranda (CICM) perteneciente al Instituto Paraguayo...

Wheat yellow (stripe) rust caused by

Septoria leaf spot (SLS) affects stevia leaves, reducing their quality. Estimates of SLS severity on different genotypes are made to identify resistance and as a basis compare management approaches. The use standard area diagrams (SADs) can improve the accuracy reliability estimates. In this study, we developed new SADs with six illustrations (0.5, 1, 10, 25, 40, 75% severity). were validated by raters without experience in estimating SLS. Raters evaluated 40 photos severities ranging from 0...

La roya asiática de la soya causada por <em>Phakopsora pachyrhizi</em> reduce el rendimiento del cultivo hasta 90%. Se ha observado pérdida eficacia control con fungicidas sitio-específicos, se propuesto combinarlos mancozeb como estrategia antirresistencia. El objetivo fue evaluar estos en dos fechas siembra. estudio realizó condiciones campo Yguazú, Paraguay, ocho tratamientos: sin aplicación (T1), prothioconazole y trifloxistrobin (T2), (T3), azoxistrobin bezonvindiflupyr...

In Paraguay, there is no information describing the distribution and abundance of plant-parasitic nematodes other free-living from vegetable farms. The objectives this study were to determine prevalence on farms, evaluate relationship between ecological diversity, edaphic factors nematode communities. Vegetable farms ( n = 217) across nine departments in Paraguay included survey, soil samples collected March September 2021. More than 10 genera identified survey are presented as follows...

In 2021 and 2022 wheat plants (Triticum aestivum cv. Itapúa-80) were observed with necrotic spots on the leaves surrounded by a chlorotic halo (Fig. 1a-b) discolouration of glume presence pycnidia 2a-c) in Capitán Miranda, Itapúa, Paraguay. All showed symptoms an area 10 hectares, c. 20 50% leaf was affected 2022, respectively. Samples collected disinfected 1% NaClO for one minute then rinsed three times sterile distilled water. Afterwards, samples placed humid chamber to incubate 24 hours...

Septoria leaf spot is a significant disease affecting cultivated stevia, potentially reducing yields by > 50%. The caused

Due to the significant impact of late blight (LB) (Phytophthora infestans [Mont.]) on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), we investigated interaction between fungicides and this disease understand how some plant defense mechanisms are affected over time. Following a randomized design, evaluated synthesis phenolic compounds (PHE) activity phenylalanine ammonium lyase (PAL), peroxidases (POX) superoxide dismutase (SOD). The experiment involved application fosetyl-Al fluoxastrobin (fungicides...

The identification of resistance genes to late blight (Phytophthora infestans) is essential in potato (Solanum tuberosum) breeding programs advance obtaining resistant cultivars. objective was detect sequences homologous the (R1, R2, R3a, R8, Sto-448, Rpi-blb1, Rpi-blb2, and Rpi-ber1) P. infestans 23 accessions 14 wild species spp.) with different levels through amplification molecular markers. Eight primers sets were used amplify No amplifications markers observed highly susceptible plants...

S olanum demissum Lindl. is one of the most valued and used species for potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) breeding due to its richness in genes resistance various biotic abiotic factors. Over years, it has been a plant interest, mainly late blight (caused by Phytophthora infestans [Mont.] de Bary.), which led crosses between S. obtain resistant cultivars. It also identifying physiological races P. and, recently, associated with glycoalkaloids antioxidant compounds, whose potential uses are...

Las enfermedades son una de las mayores limitantes fitosanitarias en el cultivo soja [Glycine max (L.) Merr.], entre ellas final ciclo (EFC) protagonistas ausencia la roya asiática (Phakopsora pachyrhizi). Este trabajo presenta los resultados evaluaciones a campo eficacia diferentes fungicidas control EFC soja. El ensayo se realizó Minga Guazú, Alto Paraná, Paraguay. Se utilizó variedad NA 5909 RR. Los ingredientes activos evaluados fueron Bixafen + Protioconazole Trifloxistrobin (T2),...

Stevia (

La densidad de microesclerocios del fitopatógeno Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. viables en el suelo está relacionada con la intensidad pudrición carbonosa tallo cual causa daños significativos rendimiento soja Paraguay. Durante enero año 2017 y mayo 2019 se realizaron muestreos parcelas cinco distritos Departamento Itapúa (Edelira, Tomás Romero Pereira, Capitán Meza, Natalio San Rafael), durante los estadios fenológicos reproductivos (R1-R7) objetivo cuantificar cantidad inóculo M....

The aim of this research was to evaluate the performance soybean cultivars using different population densities and planting seasons. experiments were established a completely randomized block design with 14×3×2 factorial arrangement, where factor A consisted 14 cultivars, B low (177,700 plants ha-1), medium (266,600 high (355,500 ha-1) densities, C early late We evaluated number pods per plant (NPP), grains m-2 (NG), 1000-grain weight (TGW), yield (kg ha-1). interaction between cultivar...

Potatoes (Solanum tuberosum L.) are the most cultivated vegetables in world. The main limiting factor worldwide is late blight, a disease caused by oomycete Phytophthora infestans, causing up even total production losses. An important part of potato genetic improvement focuses on obtaining cultivars resistant to this disease. However, pathogen can produce offspring from sexual reproduction, generating new strains that more virulent, fungicides and allow it overcome resistance cultivars. For...

Rhynchophorus palmarum (Linnaeus, 1758) es considerada la plaga más importante de las palmeras aceiteras en América neotropical, ya que el principal vector del nemátodo Bursaphelenchus cocophilus (Cobb), causante enfermedad anillo rojo. El presente estudio tuvocomo objetivos detectar presencia R. y conocer variación temporal este picudo cultivo Acrocomia aculeata (Jacq.) Lodd. ex Mart. Para llevar a cabo se realizarontrampeos utilizando feromona RHYNKO-Lure® (Rhynchophorol). Las trampas...