Stenocarpella maydis and macrospora are the causal agents of ear rot in corn, which is one most destructive diseases this crop worldwide. These fungi important mycotoxin producers that cause different pathologies farmed animals represent an risk for humans. In work, 160 strains were isolated from soil corn crops 10 showed antifungal activity against these phytopathogens, which, identified as: Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas spp., fluorescens, Pantoea agglomerans by sequencing 16S rRNA gene...

A previously unreported bacterial disease on chili pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) seedlings affecting as many 4% of was observed in greenhouses Chihuahua, Mexico (Delicias and Meoqui counties). Initial lesions appeared irregular small spots leaves brown necrosis at margins tips were observed. Later, the became necrotic with a chlorotic halo. Advanced associated defoliation. Gram negative, rod-shaped bacterium isolated from diseased seedlings. Three inoculation methods revealed that strains...

Tomato is the main vegetable cultivated under soilless culture systems (SCSs); production of organic tomato SCSs has increased due to consumer demands for healthier and environmentally friendly vegetables. However, been associated with low crop performance fruit quality defects. These agricultural deficiencies could be linked alterations in plant microbiota; nonetheless, this issue not sufficiently addressed. Thus, goal present study was characterize rhizosphere phyllosphere plants...

Hemileia vastatrix coffee leaf rust reduces Mexican production by 51%. We aimed to analyze the size and distribution of H. urediniospores among plantations, as well morphological structures uredinium. In 2015, 65 samples with symptoms were collected from 17 cultivars grown at various altitudes (229-1649 m) under different environmental conditions in 14 regions four states. A total 30 spores per sample measured grouped using Ward centroid method, group was analyzed. Uredinia morphology...

Leaf spot and crown rot caused by Neopestalotiopsis spp. are relevant emerging diseases of strawberries worldwide. This study aimed to: i) identify characterize isolates recovered from different strawberry plant organs; ii) determine the pathogenic variation those isolates; iii) response 13 varieties against N. rosae. Four hundred ninety-eight were obtained leaves, roots crowns in central Mexico 2020 to 2021. A subsample 160 was selected for characterization using a previously developed...

The production of ornamental plants in Mexico represents a job-generating activity that has grown recent years; however, it is adversely affected by phytosanitary issues, notably those induced Phytophthora. Studies Phytophthora nurseries are scarce Mexico. aim this study was to identify species from selected plant as potential new hosts. Samples 13 genera diseased tissue and soil were collected eight during 2009–2010. Based on morphology sequences ITS rDNA, the 19 isolates obtained...

Fusariumproliferatum, F. subglutinans, and verticillioides are known causes of ear kernel rot in maize worldwide. In Mexico, only have been reported previously as causal agents this disease. However, Fusarium isolates with different morphological characteristics to the species that cause disease were obtained Highland-Valley region country from symptomatic symptomless ears native commercial genotypes. Moreover, while studies not sufficient identify correct taxonomic position at level,...

In recent years, anthracnose has become a significant disease affecting avocado fruit in the state of Michoacan, Mexico, where it significantly reduces quality and commercial yield. Anthracnose been assumed to involve Colletotrichum gloeosporioides C. acutatum as causal agents. However, because increasing incidence anthracnose, more precise identification spp. involved this desirable. During years 2004–2007, fruits different sizes exhibiting brown‐black reddish spots on pericarp soft rot...

The filamentous Ascomycota Colletotrichum gloeosporioides sensu lato is a fungus that has been reported worldwide as causal agent of anthracnose disease in avocado and other crops. In Mexico, this species affects fruits from an early stage development the orchard until post-harvest stage. Although fungicides are continuously applied to control species, pericarp cankers soft rot mesocarp still frequently observed. Considering lack precise description causative agent, aim current study was...

Avocado root rot caused by the oomycete

Abstract Colletotrichum species cause anthracnose disease in tropical and subtropical fruit crops worldwide. Mexico is the main producer exporter of avocado ( Persea americana ) globally has yearly outbreaks on this crop. However, which specific spp. these avocado‐producing regions remain uncertain; thus, objective present study was to identify responsible. A survey performed six production yielded 232 isolates, from a subset 104 strains selected based morphological characteristics origin....

In the 2017 strawberry season, several transplant losses reaching 50% were observed in Zamora, Michoacán Valley, Mexico, due to a new fungal disease associated with root rot, crown and leaf spot. this year appeared consistently increased following seasons, becoming concern among growers. Thus, aim of research was determine etiology vitro effect fungicides on mycelial growth pathogen. Fungal isolates obtained from symptomatic plants cultivars 'Albion' 'Festival' processed obtain monoconidial...

The aim of this paper was to determine in 32 patients from 4 different Mexican hospitals the frequency opportunistic bacteria 2010 2011 time period. were divided groups. Group 1 included 21 HIV positive with acute respiratory syndrome. Four tuberculosis symptoms 2; two and one asymptomatic person formed 3. Reference whom strains Mycobacterium spp. had been reported. isolated identified by 16S rRNA gene amplification, API 20E 50CH, biochemical test, antibiotic sensitivity. found 10 Pantoea...

Sugarcane cultivation in Mexico occurs under a wide range of socioeconomic, environmental and agricultural conditions, with the last three harvests (2010/2011, 2011/2012 2012/2013) providing yields ranging from 36-125 t ha-1 (variation > 347%), an average yield 70.2 ha-1, which is below world 80 ha-1. The total area allocated to sugarcane production close 800 thousand hectares, could rise nearly 5 million hectares given adequate conditions for its cultivation. This activity generates...

Mexico is among the most important blackberry producers in world. In this crop, thrips damage associated with poor fruit set. The objectives of study were to identify main species flowers cultivated blackberries, and determine resistance level 13 field-collected populations western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), insecticides malathion, bifenthrin, spinosad states Michoacán Jalisco, Mexico. Verification F. was conducted by morphology PCR...

The taxonomic status of a specimen the genus Jaltomata recovered from Central Highland Valley Mexico was realized. Phylogenetic analysis performed via Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods complemented with Genealogical Concordance Species Recognition (GCPSR) using PHI test. results indicated that in study belongs to sp. nov. supported by test (φ=1.0) showing no evidence recombination. Characteristics corolla, pedicel calyx, stigma, anthers, fruit, seeds, differentiated this...

Avocado (Persea americana L.) production for export markets has increased in Mexico during the past 10 years. The system, however, is affected by several sanitation factors, including diseases. During spring of 2009, smooth, black, circular spots were noted on surface avocado fruit. A study was conducted winter 2010 to ascertain etiology and identify fungus associated with black spot symptoms fruit orchards Nuevo Parangaricutiro County (19°25′00″ 102°07′43″) Michoacan, Mexico. Several fungal...

Abstract Colletotrichum spp. are known causal agents of anthracnose in a broad host range, causing severe losses. Currently, the most effective way to reduce disease is by fungicide application, which could give rise resistant populations. This study aimed determine species present conventional and organic mango orchards evaluate their pathogenicity sensitivity benzimidazole thiophanate‐methyl. Seventy‐one isolates from fruit with symptoms symptomless leaves were obtained. From these, 20...

Strawberry root and crown rot caused by the fungus Neopestalotiopsis rosae is an emerging disease that has yield losses of up to 70% in Mexico other regions worldwide. This research evaluated effects biological chemical fungicides applied as preventive curative applications for controlling N. strawberries under greenhouse conditions. Treatments included these fungicides: prochloraz, prochloraz + thiram, cyprodinil fludioxonil, difenoconazole azoxystrobin, iprodione, captan, pydiflumetofen...

Zea mays and Sorghum bicolor are important crops for animal human nutrition worldwide. In the Central Highland Valley of Mexico, both extremely important, research is aimed toward increasing yield, disease resistance, crop adaptation from 1,900- to 2,700-m elevation. a 3-year field breeding experiment (2004 2006), leaf blight vascular wilt symptoms were frequently observed in contiguous plots maize sorghum Montecillo, Mexico Tecamac, Mexico. To identify characterize causal agent these...

This review highlights the impact of emerging diseases; diseases and pathogen dispersion; disease spread; possible causes contributing to emergence pathogens. Some are caused by potentially dangerous pathogens that have led changes in humanity. Despite our efforts fight against these pathogens; influences natural phenomena such as hurricanes or strong winds disperse remain. However, some actions investment research priorities focused on quarantined official regulations can help prevention....

Ascocarps of Phaeosphaeria nodorum, which causes Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB) wheat, have not been found by others in the eastern United States despite extensive searches. We sampled tissues from living wheat plants or debris Kinston, NC, each month except June May to October 2003. Additional samples were gathered Salisbury, and Plymouth, 2004 2005. For 3 years, all, 2,781 fruiting bodies dissected examined microscopically. Fruiting tallied as P. pycnidia ascocarps, “unknown” (not...