To evaluate the epidemiology of candidiasis and antifungal susceptibility profile Candida species isolated from intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The study used a qualitative descriptive design. Relevant samples depending on organ system involvement 100 ICU patients were collected processed. Identification speciation isolates was conducted by biochemical tests. Antifungal testing carried out as per CLSI-M27-A3 document. Ninety different clinical samples: urine (43.3%), tracheal aspirate...

HIV related opportunistic fungal infections (OFIs) continue to cause morbidity and mortality in infected patients. The objective for this prospective study is elucidate the prevalence spectrum of common OFIs HIV/AIDS patients north India. Relevant clinical samples were collected from symptomatic positive (<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"><mml:mi>n</mml:mi><mml:mo>=</mml:mo><mml:mn fontstyle="italic">280</mml:mn></mml:math>) all age groups both sexes subjected...

Background The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has highlighted vulnerabilities in healthcare systems and single-handedly brought the world to a standstill. Diagnostic testing for COVID-19 is critical understanding epidemiology, contact-tracing, case management, control transmission of SARS-CoV-2. rRT-PCR test, gold standard involves fairly complex steps take nearly 24–48 h generating results. GeneXpert rapid nucleic-acid-detection-based test approved by ICMR (Indian Council Medical...

Multiple variants of SARS-CoV-2 from Alpha to Omicron have an estimated 6.1 million deaths globally till date. These been found vary in transmissibility and severity. The present study deals with comparison morbidity mortality (B.1.1.529) Delta (B.1.617.2) variants. An observational retrospective cohort was conducted on a laboratory confirmed patients diagnosed by qRT-PCR nasopharyngeal swabs periods; April-2021 January-2022; that were sequenced recorded. Patients invited for telephonic...

The purpose of this prospective study was to isolate, speciate, and determine antifungal susceptibility virulence patterns Candida species recovered from the intensive care units (ICUs) in an Indian hospital. Study included 125 medical/postoperative patients admitted ICU. Identification speciation yeast isolates were done by biochemical methods. Antifungal broth microdilution method. Virulence testing phospholipase, proteinase, adherence assay. A total 103 isolated; C. tropicalis predominant...

The study was conducted to the occurrence and clinical presentation of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis (AFRS), characterize same, correlate with microbiological profile. Clinically suspected cases (FRS) depending upon their presentation, nasal endoscopy, radiological evidences were included. Relevant samples collected subjected direct microscopy culture histopathological examination. 35 patients diagnosed have AFRS. average age 28.4 years a range 18-48 years. Allergic mucin seen in all AFRS...

HIV has become a major health problem in India, patients commonly succumb to opportunistic infections (OIs), respiratory being an important cause of morbidity and their accurate diagnosis is still challenge. Our aim was study the occurrence Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) HIV/AIDS with complaints attending ART clinic compare various diagnostic methodologies. One hundred twenty five presenting symptoms like cough, fever, breathlessness etc, were enrolled, induced sputum samples collected....

Background and Objectives: Switch of cytokines from a T helper 1 (Th1) to Th2 is an important factor in the progression HIV infection AIDS. Hence, our objectives were analyze levels Th1 (IL-2, IFN-γ) (IL-4, IL-10) their correlation with clinical immunological profiles HIV/AIDS patients. Methods: We studied 234 symptomatic positive patients (case group) attending OPDs, ART clinic medical wards Hospital. CD4+T-cell count was determined by flow cytometry using Fluorescent Activated Cell...

Opportunistic pneumonias are a major cause of mortality and morbidity in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) reactive patients. Despite the significant role that fungi play causation this opportunistic mycoses, very few Indian studies have attempted to investigate burden aetiological spectrum HIV/AIDS-associated fungal pneumonias.To document prevalence aetiology HIV/AIDS-related an setting; elucidate various opportunists responsible for same.The present study was prospective, cross-sectional...

Pneumocystis jirovecii (PCP) remains a significant cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with respiratory infections. Accurate diagnosis PCP is still diagnostic challenge. Hence, the main objectives were to study incidence Jirovecii pneumonia infection among problems compare real-time quantitative PCR technique various methodologies. Patients who have symptoms like breathlessness, cough, fever enrolled. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples collected homogenized, then smears prepared...

Abstract Nitrofurantoin is the first-line drug in treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTIs) and its use has increased exponentially recent years. Objectives This study aims to determine susceptibility pattern nitrofurantoin gram-negative isolates evaluate their bacteriological epidemiological profile along with co-existing resistance other important antimicrobials. Material Methods was a retrospective conducted tertiary care hospital New Delhi which 500 bacterial were...

Abstract Objective Fungal rhinosinusitis is on the rise worldwide and it endemic especially in North India. The main purpose of this study was to determine antifungal resistance profile fungal isolates from cases rhinosinusitis. Methods Antifungal susceptibility testing isolated fungi fluconazole, amphotericin B, itraconazole, voriconazole determined by standard CLSI broth microdilution method. Results Sixty-eight Aspergillus spp. (n = 49), Rhizopus 9), Candida 4), Penicillium 2), Mucor...

Background: Candidemia causing increased mortality rates and emergence of antifungal drug resistance needs an urgent intervention to salvage immunocompromised severely ill patients. This study aimed isolate identify Candida species evaluate their susceptibility profile from blood stream infections in children.Methods: Fungal cultures recovered positive for yeasts were subcultured on Sabouraud dextrose agar. Suspected purified colonies confirmed identified upto level by both conventional...

Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are prone to develop infections by hospital prevalent organisms. The aim of the study was determine bacteriological profiles and their drug resistance pattern among different in ICU a tertiary hospital. record-based retrospective data culture reports admitted all ICUs during period from January 2020 May 2022 were analyzed. A total 3,056 samples obtained 2308 patients. infection rate found be 53.40%. Isolates belonged equally males (50.86%) females (49.14%)....

The study included 100 clinically suspected cases of TBLN. Fine needle aspirate (FNA) samples were processed for cytology staining and cultured on LJ & BACTEC 12B media. biochemical tests performed to identify the isolates at species level. Additionally, PCR, DNA was extracted used diagnosis identification mycobacterial species.Patients ranged from 2 45 years with a mean age 24.96 ± 9.10 years. Out patients, 73% had clinical symptoms weight loss, followed by fever (72%), anorexia (66%),...

Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP) is one of the major infections in patients with impaired immunity. The entity common HIV-seropositive individuals but quite very rare HIV-seronegative especially children. We report here a case 16-week-old infant chief complaint chronic cough month evolution. Sweat chloride test for diagnosis cystic fibrosis was positive. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid collected and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated on culture. Empirical antibiotic regimen comprising...

The entire globe is undergoing an unprecedented challenge of COVID-19. Considering the need rapid and accurate diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2, this study was planned to evaluate cost effective extraction free RT-PCR technique in comparison standard VTM based RT-qPCR method.Paired swabs from nasopharynx oropharynx were collected SARS-CoV-2 testing, 211 adult patients (≥18 years) plain sterile tubes (dry swabs). These samples processed carried out as per protocols.54.5% females 45.5% males...

Background The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has highlighted vulnerabilities in healthcare systems and single-handedly literally brought the world to a standstill. Diagnostic testing for COVID-19 is critical understanding epidemiology, contact-tracing, case management, control transmission of SARS-CoV-2. RT-PCR test, gold standard involves fairly complex steps take nearly 24–48 h generating results. GeneXpert rapid nucleic-acid-detection-based test approved by ICMR (Indian Council...

<h3>Background</h3> This study aims to investigate the interplay between gut health, thyroid disease, and dietary intake of key nutrients (kcals, zinc, iron) in pediatric patients. Specifically, we aimed analyze expression genes related iodine metabolism, hormone synthesis, barrier function, host-microbiome interactions relation deficiencies. <h3>Methods</h3> Stool samples were collected from 20 patients diagnosed with nucleic acids extracted for genetic analysis. Additionally, kcals, iron...

Background The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has highlighted vulnerabilities in healthcare systems and single-handedly brought the world to a standstill. Diagnostic testing for COVID-19 is critical understanding epidemiology, contact-tracing, case management, control transmission of SARS-CoV-2. rRT-PCR test, gold standard involves fairly complex steps take nearly 24–48 h generating results. GeneXpert rapid nucleic-acid-detection-based test approved by ICMR (Indian Council Medical...

Background: Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is a life threatening infection among immunocompromised patients. A timely and precise diagnosis of this condition often precluded by lack sensitive specific noninvasive diagnostic tools. Detection galactomannan has emerged as promising tool in regard. While the analytical performance serum assay been extensively evaluated various high risk groups, its possible utility HIV/AIDS patients yet to be explored. The present study was undertaken...