A5003451496- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Plant and animal studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Avian ecology and behavior
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Animal Ecology and Behavior Studies
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Insect and Pesticide Research
- Animal and Plant Science Education
- Innovative Approaches in Technology and Social Development
- Global Energy and Sustainability Research
- Wildlife-Road Interactions and Conservation
- Forest ecology and management
- Insect Pest Control Strategies
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Research Data Management Practices
- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Sustainability and Climate Change Governance
- Mediterranean and Iberian flora and fauna
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
2024
University of Colorado Boulder
2016-2019
Colorado State University
2017-2019
One Earth Future Foundation
2016-2019
University of Colorado System
2019
George Mason University
2019
University of Washington
2007-2016
Luc Hoffmann Institute
2013-2015
World Wide Fund for Nature
2015
WWF Colombia
2014
The impact of anthropogenic climate change on terrestrial organisms is often predicted to increase with latitude, in parallel the rate warming. Yet biological rising temperatures also depends physiological sensitivity temperature change. We integrate empirical fitness curves describing thermal tolerance insects from around world projected geographic distribution for next century estimate direct warming insect across latitude. results show that tropics, although relatively small magnitude,...
Insect pests substantially reduce yields of three staple grains-rice, maize, and wheat-but models assessing the agricultural impacts global warming rarely consider crop losses to insects. We use established relationships between temperature population growth metabolic rates insects estimate how where climate will augment rice, wheat Global yield these grains are projected increase by 10 25% per degree mean surface warming. Crop be most acute in areas increases both These conditions centered...
Biological impacts of climate warming are predicted to increase with latitude, paralleling increases in warming. However, the magnitude depends not only on degree but also number species at risk, their physiological sensitivity and options for behavioural compensation. Lizards useful evaluating risks because thermal biology is well studied. We conducted macrophysiological analyses diurnal lizards from diverse latitudes plus focal Puerto Rican Anolis Sphaerodactyus. Although tropical lowland...
The collective impact of humans on biodiversity rivals mass extinction events defining Earth's history, but does our large population also present opportunities to document and contend with this crisis? We provide the first quantitative review biodiversity-related citizen science determine whether data collected by these projects can be, are currently being, effectively used in research. find strong evidence potential science: within we sampled (n = 388), ∼1.3 million volunteers participate,...
Among the most popular strategies for maintaining populations of both plants and animals in fragmented landscapes is to connect isolated patches with thin strips habitat, called corridors. Corridors are thought increase exchange individuals between habitat patches, promoting genetic reducing population fluctuations. Empirical studies addressing effects corridors have either been small scale or ignored confounding increased area created by presence a corridor. These methodological...
Although some organisms have moved to higher elevations and latitudes in response recent climate change, there is little consensus regarding the capacity of different species track rapid change via range shifts. Understanding species' abilities shift ranges has important implications for assessing extinction risk predicting future community structure. At an expanding front, colonization rates are determined jointly by reproduction dispersal. In addition, establishment viable populations...
Habitat fragmentation is one of the largest threats to biodiversity. Landscape corridors, which are hypothesized reduce negative consequences fragmentation, have become common features ecological management plans worldwide. Despite their popularity, there little evidence documenting effectiveness corridors in preserving biodiversity at large scales. Using a large-scale replicated experiment, we showed that habitat patches connected by retain more native plant species than do isolated...
Habitat fragmentation threatens biodiversity by disrupting dispersal. The mechanisms and consequences of this disruption are controversial, primarily because most organisms difficult to track. We examined the effect habitat corridors on long-distance dispersal seeds birds, tested whether small-scale (<20 meters) movements birds could be scaled up predict across hundreds meters in eight experimentally fragmented landscapes. A simulation model accurately predicted observed pattern seed rain...
Multiple, coordinated goals and holistic actions are critical
The fundamental properties of organisms—what they are, how and where live, the biotic abiotic interactions that link them to communities ecosystems—are domain natural history. We provide examples illustrating vital importance history knowledge many disciplines, from human health food security conservation, management, recreation. then present several lines evidence showing traditional approaches support for in developed economies has declined significantly over past 40 years. Finally, we...
Fragmentation of breeding habitat may cause declines in many bird populations. Our perception the demographic effects fragmentation comes primarily from studies midwestern and eastern United States Scandinavia. We know very little about anthropogenically caused habitats prone to natural disturbance, as is typical most forest types western States. located monitored 1916 nests on eight sites mostly forested landscapes agricultural study landscape-level nest predation brood parasitism riparian...
Abstract As the climate changes, human land use may impede species from tracking areas with suitable climates. Maintaining connectivity between of different temperatures could allow organisms to move along temperature gradients and continue occupy same space as warms. We used a coarse‐filter approach identify broad corridors for movement where influence is low while simultaneously routing present‐day spatial temperature. modified cost–distance algorithm model these tested data on current...
Ecology Letters (2011) 14: 1191–1200 Both tropical and temperate species are responding to global warming through range shifts, but our understanding of the consequences these shifts for whole communities is limited. Here, we use current elevational data six taxonomic groups spanning 90° in latitude examine potential impacts climate-driven on community change, or 'disassembly', across latitude. Elevational ranges smaller at low latitudes most and, as a consequence, appear be more sensitive...
Conservation efforts typically focus on maximizing biodiversity in protected areas. The space available for reserves is limited, however, and conservation must increasingly consider how management of areas can promote beyond reserve borders. Habitat corridors are considered an important feature because they facilitate movement organisms between patches, thereby increasing species richness those patches. Here we demonstrate that by inside target additionally benefit surrounding non-target...
The primary function of fruit is to attract animals that disperse viable seeds, but the nutritional rewards beneficial consumers also kill seeds instead dispersing them. Many these unwanted are microbes, and microbial defense commonly invoked explain bitter, distasteful, occasionally toxic chemicals found in many ripe fruits. This explanation has been criticized, however, due a lack evidence influence chemistry wild populations. In present study, we use chilies show chemical reflects...
A conceptual model of movement ecology has recently been advanced to explain all by considering the interaction four elements: internal state, motion capacity, navigation capacities, and external factors. We modified this framework generate predictions for species richness dynamics fragmented plant communities tested them in experimental landscapes across a 7-year time series. found that two factors, dispersal vectors habitat features, affected colonization recolonization fragments their...
Significance Understanding how widespread human-induced global changes are affecting the movement and dispersal of organisms is critical for maintaining species diversity making sound land management decisions. In contrast with animal-dispersed species, little known about wind-dispersed affected by conservation strategies such as corridors. We use a combination mechanistic models field data to show that habitat corridors alter wind dynamics in way promotes seed appears increase plant...