Samantha L. L. Hill
A5088241493- Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Conservation, Biodiversity, and Resource Management
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Economic and Environmental Valuation
- Forest Management and Policy
- Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
- Environmental Conservation and Management
- Sustainability and Climate Change Governance
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Agricultural pest management studies
- Advanced Data Storage Technologies
- Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems
- Ecosystem dynamics and resilience
- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Environmental Philosophy and Ethics
- Agronomic Practices and Intercropping Systems
- Plant and animal studies
- Human-Animal Interaction Studies
- Invertebrate Taxonomy and Ecology
- Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Marine Ecology and Invasive Species
World Conservation Monitoring Centre
2015-2024
Natural History Museum
2014-2024
United Nations
2023
Quakers
2022
John Wiley & Sons (United States)
2016-2019
Hudson Institute
2016-2019
University of Tennessee at Knoxville
2017
MRC Institute of Hearing Research
2017
Medical Research Council
2017
University of Nottingham
2017
In 2010, the international community, under auspices of Convention on Biological Diversity, agreed 20 biodiversity-related "Aichi Targets" to be achieved within a decade. We provide comprehensive mid-term assessment progress toward these global targets using 55 indicator data sets. projected trends 2020 an adaptive statistical framework that incorporated specific properties individual time series. On current trajectories, results suggest despite accelerating policy and management responses...
Land use and related pressures have reduced local terrestrial biodiversity, but it is unclear how the magnitude of change relates to recently proposed planetary boundary ("safe limit"). We estimate that land already biodiversity intactness--the average proportion natural remaining in ecosystems--beyond its across 58.1% world's surface, where 71.4% human population live. Biodiversity intactness within most biomes (especially grassland biomes), hotspots, even some wilderness areas inferred be...
Abstract Protected areas are widely considered essential for biodiversity conservation. However, few global studies have demonstrated that protection benefits a broad range of species. Here, using new database with unprecedented geographic and taxonomic coverage, we compare four measures at sites sampled in multiple land uses inside outside protected areas. Globally, species richness is 10.6% higher abundance 14.5% samples taken compared outside, but neither rarefaction-based nor endemicity...
Multiple, coordinated goals and holistic actions are critical
Habitat loss and degradation, driven largely by agricultural expansion intensification, present the greatest immediate threat to biodiversity. Tropical forests harbour among highest levels of terrestrial species diversity are likely experience rapid land-use change in coming decades. Synthetic analyses observed responses useful for quantifying how land use affects biodiversity predicting outcomes under scenarios. Previous applications this approach have typically focused on individual...
Human use of the land (for agriculture and settlements) has a substantial negative effect on biodiversity globally. However, not all species are adversely affected by use, indeed, some benefit from creation novel habitat. Geographically rare may be more negatively than widespread species, but data limitations have so far prevented global multi-clade assessments land-use effects narrow-ranged species. We analyse large, database to show consistent differences in assemblage composition....
Abstract The PREDICTS project—Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems ( https://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/our-work/biodiversity/predicts.html )—has collated from published studies a large, reasonably representative database comparable samples biodiversity multiple sites that differ in the nature or intensity human impacts relating to land use. We have used this evidence base develop global and regional statistical models how local responds these measures....
Biodiversity continues to decline in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures such as habitat destruction, exploitation, pollution and introduction alien species. Existing global databases species' threat status or population time series are dominated by charismatic The collation datasets with broad taxonomic biogeographic extents, that support computation a range biodiversity indicators, is necessary enable better understanding historical declines project - avert future declines. We...
Integrated high-resolution maps of carbon stocks and biodiversity that identify areas potential co-benefits for climate change mitigation conservation can help facilitate the implementation global commitments at local levels. However, multi-dimensional nature presents a major challenge understanding, mapping communicating where how benefits coincide with benefits. A new integrated approach to is therefore needed. Here, we (a) present map above- below-ground stored in biomass soil, (b)...
Based on an extensive model intercomparison, we assessed trends in biodiversity and ecosystem services from historical reconstructions future scenarios of land-use climate change. During the 20th century, declined globally by 2 to 11%, as estimated a range indicators. Provisioning increased several fold, regulating decreased moderately. Going forward, policies toward sustainability have potential slow loss resulting change demand for provisioning while reducing or reversing declines...
Although species are being lost at alarming rates, previous research has provided conflicting results on the extent and even direction of global biodiversity change local scale. Here, we assessed ability to detect trends using richness how it is affected by number monitoring sites, sampling interval (i.e. time between original survey re‐survey site), measurement error (error richness), spatial grain (a proxy for taxa mobility) biases site‐selection biases). We use PREDICTS model‐based...
Land use has large effects on the diversity of ecological assemblages. Differences among land uses in local assemblages (alpha diversity) have been quantified at a global scale. Effects turnover species composition between locations (beta are less clear, with previous studies focusing particular regions or groups species. Using database different uses, we test for differences between‐site composition, within and land‐use types. Overall, show strong impact assemblage composition. While find...
Abstract Human land use has caused substantial declines in global species richness. Evidence from different taxonomic groups and geographic regions suggests that does not equally impact all organisms within terrestrial ecological communities, functional of may respond differently. In particular, we expect large carnivores to decline more disturbed uses than other animal groups. We present the first synthesis responses across using data a wide set species, including herbivores, omnivores,...
Abstract Nations have committed to ambitious conservation targets in response accelerating rates of global biodiversity loss. Anticipating future impacts is essential inform policy decisions for achieving these targets, but predictions need be sufficiently high spatial resolution forecast the local effects change. As part intercomparison and ecosystem services models Intergovernmental Science‐Policy Platform on Biodiversity Ecosystem Services, we present a fine‐resolution assessment trends...
Abstract. To support the assessments of Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES), IPBES Expert Group Scenarios Models is carrying out an intercomparison biodiversity ecosystem services models using harmonized scenarios (BES-SIM). The goals BES-SIM are (1) to project global impacts land-use climate change (i.e., nature's contributions people) over coming decades, compared 20th century, a set common metrics at multiple scales, (2) identify model...
Abstract The Convention on Biological Biodiversity (CBD) exists as a major multilateral environmental agreement to safeguard biodiversity and “live in harmony with nature”. To deliver it, strategies frameworks are set out regular agreements that then implemented at the national scale. However, we not track achieve overall goals, so far have been successful. This could be due unambitious targets, low follow-through commitments, or desired outcomes for nature being achieved when action is...
The world’s forests are crucially important for both biodiversity conservation and climate mitigation. New forest status change spatial layers using remotely sensed data have revolutionised monitoring globally, provide fine-scale deforestation alerts that can be actioned in near-real time. However, existing products restricted to representing tree cover do not reflect the considerable variation biological importance of forests. Here we link modelled values on develop global maps significance...