Recurrent selection for early vigour traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has provided an opportunity to generate competitive biotypes suppress agronomically important weeds. Quantifying the potential benefits of genotypes, including yield improvement and reduced frequency herbicide application when incorporated into a long-term rotation, is vital increase grower adoption. In this simple economic model, we evaluated weed-suppressive genotype utilising on-farm experimental results...

A range of plant and environmental variables is known to influence the efficacy herbicides. This paper explores whether factors influencing a herbicide can be quantified by analysing set industry data involving 59 experiments conducted throughout Australia in years 1986–1995 for clodinafop‐propargyl on Avena spp. spline method was used analyse combined observed interpolated covariates. In addition dose, it found that significantly influenced maximum temperature day application, spray water...

Southern Australian farming systems operate predominantly under Mediterranean climatic conditions, which limit the choice of cover crops suitable for enhancement ground and soil moisture retention, erosion control, atmospheric nitrogen (N) fixation, weed suppression between cash crop rotations. Given that successful establishment is climate-driven also influenced by edaphic factors such as pH salinity, there has been increased interest southern producers in identifying potential species well...

Optimal planning and management of the limited water resources for maximum productivity in agriculture requires quantifying irrigation applied at a regional scale. However, most efforts involving remote sensing applications assessing large-scale (IA) have focused on supplying spatial variables crop models or studying evapotranspiration (ET) inversions, rather than directly building data-based model to estimate IA. In this study, based data, an IA estimation together with ET calculation...

This article reports on a study of the impact risk farm management practices in northern Syria, focusing particularly how these are affected by aversion and size. The is based production data from an eight‐year field trial prices market surveys. A large linear programming model built, representing eight years as observations discrete probability distribution. Risk modelled inclusion utility function with constant relative aversion, represented using DEMP/UEP approach.

Land managers in upper catchments are being asked to make expensive changes land use, such as by planting trees, attain environmental service targets, including reduced salt loads rivers, meet needs of downstream towns, farms and natural habitats. End‐of‐valley targets for have sometimes been set without a quantitative model cause effect regarding impacts on water yields, economic efficiency or distribution costs benefits among stakeholders. This paper presents method calculating ‘menu’...

This study presents a method of simulating longer-term cash flows that reflect the cumulative effects variation in seasons, prices, enterprise sequences and mixes other management decisions. It can be used to develop full risk profiles on whole-farm or individual-component basis for most dryland farms southern Australia, at gross margin, profit flow levels. analysis concentrates implications these various scenarios because is indicator which includes all costs, therefore demonstrates...

Abstract Paterson's curse and related weeds ( Echium spp.) were introduced as garden flowers before 1850 have spread to over 30 million ha in southern Australia. Four hundred successful releases of crown weevil (M. lawatus) populations specifically targeting spp. made the 1993–2000 period. Based on timing, location performance these past beneficial insects, spatially temporally specific trajectories biocontrol been simulated. Insect established by are expected cover expanding areas at...

Large‐scale tree plantations in high rainfall upstream areas can reduce fresh water inflows to river systems, thereby imposing external costs on downstream irrigation, stock and domestic users wetland interests. We take the novel approach of expressing all benefits establishing terms $ per gigalitre (GL) removed annually from flows, setting demands same basis as demands. For Macquarie Valley, a New South Wales sub‐catchment Australia’s Murray‐Darling Basin, we project changes land use...

The agriculture sector in Pakistan, as most developing countries, is dominated by smallholder producers. Pakistan has the world’s third largest dairy industry, and milk efficiently collected distributed chiefly informal value chains that market raw product with minimal cool chain infrastructure. Formal processors have a small share of 5%. Interview data from farmers, collectors consumers three rural-urban case study were analysed to opportunities challenges faced industry. Compositional...

A participatory on-farm research project was started at Tah village, 100 km south of Aleppo, Syria in 1984. The objective to introduce annual medics ( Medicago spp.) as a replacement for fallow dryland wheat Triticum durum )/fallow farming systems. About 50 farmers were directly involved the while an equal number passive participants, receiving seed but no technical advice. did not attain its original intention introducing ley-farming system into Syria. Syrian Government decided eliminate –...

Precision agriculture, using satellite navigation, has grown in popularity around the world. Because of its practical uses for land preparation, sowing, nutrient applications, pest (weed, pathogen, invertebrate) management, stress sensing and harvest recording, many major equipment manufacturers include precision variable rate capability as standard fittings. GIS (Geographic Information System) maps may georeferenced soil chemistry information detailed historical yield data. We integrate...

Conventional viticultural practice in Australia and elsewhere involves removal of under‐vine vegetation using herbicides or cultivation. Concerns over the long‐term effects on soil health, evolution resistant weeds possible impacts human health motivate search for alternative weed management options. Industry‐supported trials commercial vineyards four South Australian regions investigated standard practices straw mulch bare earth created with herbicides, compared to cover crops, focusing...

Abstract Medic ( Medicago spp. ) pastures are widely grown in rotation with dryland crops Mediterranean climate zones of Australia. Attempts since the 1960's to introduce this system west Asia and north Africa (the native region medic) have not lead significant adoption; farmers recognize medic, but as a weed natural pasture plant. This first detailed economic evaluation rotational medic was conducted using whole-farm linear programming model based on agricultural north-west Syria. The...

Context Production of rainfed (dryland) cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) occurs in many places globally, and is always burdened with greater uncertainties outcomes than irrigated cotton. Assessing farm financial viability helps farmers to make clearer more informed decisions a fuller awareness the potential risks their business. Aim We aimed highlight key points uncertainty common production quantify these variable conditions facilitate decision-making on sowing dates row configurations....