Abstract Egg consumption is very high throughout the world and with it comes enormous amount of waste eggshells. To reduce utilize these wastes, eggshell wastes were simply transformed to low- or high-purity calcium carbonate grades by washing, crushing, drying use as raw materials for producing highly valuable phosphate products. Low-purity grade was used prepare triple superphosphate using in fertilizer industry, whereas produce dicalcium dihydrate, monocalcium monohydrate, tricalcium...

The thermal decomposition of manganese dihydrogenphosphate dihydrate Mn(H2PO4)2·2H2O was investigated in air using differential analysis-thermogravimetry. decomposes two steps and the final product (Mn2P4O12) studied by X-ray powder diffraction FT-IR spectroscopy. activation energies dehydration were calculated through isoconversional methods Ozawa Kissinger−Akahira−Sunose possible conversion functions have been estimated Coats−Redfern method. energy for different techniques found to be...

Aragonite calcium carbonate (CaCO3), derived from cockle shell waste, was successfully used as a renewable source to synthesize citrate (CCT) using citric acid (C6H8O7). The three CCT products (CCT-2, CCT-3, and CCT-4) were prepared different concentrations: 2, 3, 4 M. physicochemical characteristics of the newly synthesized investigated. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra revealed vibrational modes anionic group (C6H5O73−), which preliminarily confirmed CCT. However, X-ray...

Triple superphosphates [TSPs, Ca(H2PO4)2·H2O] were produced by exothermic reactions of oyster shells and different concentrations phosphoric acid (10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70% w/w) in a molar ratio 1:2. The percentage yields, P2O5 CaO contents, metal impurities, thermal behaviors all the as-prepared products are dependent on added during production processes, which confirm to get best optimum 60% w/w acid. All characterized several characterization methods [X-ray fluorescence,...

The thermal decomposition of iron phosphate trihydrate FePO4·3H2O was investigated in air using TG-DTG/DTA. decomposes two steps, and the final product (FePO4) studied by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. activation energies second dehydration reaction were calculated through isoconversional methods Ozawa Kissinger−Akahira−Sunose (KAS), possible conversion functions have been estimated Coats−Redfern method....

Zinc phosphate (Zn3(PO4)2·4H2O) was prepared by a simple route using ZnO and H3PO4 in aqueous acetone media at ambient temperature. Zn3(PO4)2·4H2O decomposes to Zn3(PO4)2 three dehydration reactions, as revealed thermal analytical (TG/DTG/DTA) differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) techniques. The synthesized its product were characterized powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transfer infrared, electron microscopy. Kinetic triplet parameters (activation energy, E; preexponential, A; Avrami...

The CuFe1-xSnxO2 (x = 0.03, 0.05) delafossite samples have been synthesized by a solid-state reaction to investigate electrical and optical properties of the transparent conducting oxide materials. Crystal structure was characterized XRD. conductivity Seebeck coefficient were measured in high temperature range 300 960 K, while Hall coefficient, XPS, UV-VIS-NIR spectra analyzed at room temperature. XRD peaks indicate phase, XPS reveal stable Sn2+-doping state. display positive sign indicating...

The scallop shell waste (Pectinidae, one of saltwater clams) was used as a raw material (precursor) to prepare calcium lactate (Ca(C2H4OHCOO)2), and the physicochemical properties scallop-derived were then investigated. first ground obtain carbonate (CaCO3) powder, compounds successfully synthesized by reactions between shell-derived CaCO3 lactic acid (C2H4OHCOOH). short preparation time, high percentage yield, low-cost production are preferred manners, and, in this research, it reaction 70...

Solid solution of the (1− x ) PbZrO 3 − Ba ( Al 1/2 Nb O system, with = 0.02–0.30, was prepared using solid state reaction. The effect on phase transitions and thermal electrical properties investigated. stability ferroelectric in pure PZ found to improve increasing BAN content, which corresponded increased tolerance factor t solution. In comparison other systems, results this study indicated that can predict FE )/antiferroelectric AFE ‐based If value is higher than , be induced. On hand,...

The search for sustainable resources remains a subject of global interest. Calcium acetate used in many fields was prepared using waste scallop shell as raw material, and its physicochemical properties were investigated. shells transformed to calcium compounds by reactions with four acetic acid concentrations at ambient temperature until the completely dried powder is obtained. maximum yield 87% short reaction time low observed 60%w/w shells. Thermal transformation all samples revealed...

Gypsum products (calcium sulfate dihydrate, CaSO4·2H2O) were synthesized through an eco-friendly and low-cost process by two different renewable calcium carbonate sources (CaCO3), hen duck eggshell wastes, with product yields obtained of 84.73 87.74%, respectively. The X-ray fluorescence results indicated that oxide (CaO) sulfur trioxide (SO3) are the major elemental components CaSO4·2H2O prepared from both sources. Fourier transform infrared confirmed vibrational characteristics SO42− H2O...

Waste oyster shells were utilized to produce calcium carbonate (CaCO3) by grinding. This CaCO3 was then reacted with acetic acid yield acetate monohydrate (Ca(CH3COO)2·H2O). Both and Ca(CH3COO)2·H2O used as precursors for synthesizing oxide (CaO) through thermal decomposition at 900 °C 750 °C, respectively. The yields of CaO from both precursors, determined calcination experiments thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), exceeded 100% due the high purity raw agents formation hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)....