Hexa-1,3,5-hydrotriazines form the main product class used for chemical hydrogen sulfide (H2S) scavenging. The reaction mechanism between these triazine species and H2S is discussed in detail with emphasis laid upon products their fate. paper goes on to then describe a novel method of oxidative dissolution products, including full analysis resultant mechanistic postulation. single monoethanolamine (MEA)-triazine (1,3,5-tris(2-hydroxyethyl)hexahydro-s-triazine) has been repeatedly found by...

When hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas is produced from oil reservoirs, it leads to a number of well-known problems relating both metal corrosion and health safety. Up certain concentration (∼1000s ppm in the phase) H2S can be removed by adding chemical "scavenger" system, which reacts with form less harmful byproducts. A range different species have been applied as scavengers petroleum production systems, operating through either oxidative or nonoxidative mechanisms; former group includes such...

Intramolecular singlet−singlet (SSET) and triplet−triplet (TTET) energy transfer processes were studied in solution two bichromophoric peptides using absorption, fluorescence, phosphorescence, laser flash photolysis, molecular modeling/dynamics. Compound I, a dipeptide formed by coupling 2-naphthyl-l-alanine 4'-benzoyl-l-phenylalanine (naphthalene benzophenone chromophores), undergoes intramolecular SSET from the naphthyl chromophore to as indicated singlet lifetime measurements well...

The photophysics of two trichromophoric molecules have been studied by a combination absorption, fluorescence, phosphorescence, and laser flash photolysis. TRI-1 consists phenanthrene naphthalene terminal chromophores joined to central biphenyl group methyl ester bridges. Intramolecular singlet−singlet energy transfer (SSET) between the occurs efficiently with kSSET > 6 × 1010 s-1. Longer range SSET from moiety takes place lower rate, k ∼ 2.5 108 In TRI-2, is replaced benzophenone group....

Intramolecular singlet−singlet energy transfer (SSET) has been observed in 4-(3-(x-phenanthryl)-1-adamantyl)-4'-(3-(2-naphthyl)-1-adamantyl)biphenyl (3), a trichromophoric molecule consisting of phenanthrene, biphenyl, and naphthalene groups linked sequentially by adamantane bridges which chromophore attachment is at the tertiary 1- 3-adamantyl positions. UV−visible absorption, steady-state time-resolved fluorescence, low-temperature phosphorescence room-temperature laser flash photolysis...

Oxazolidine-based products were originally used for their biocide properties, but they have become more widely applied recently scavenging H2S. Oxazolidine H2S scavengers offer an oil-soluble alternative to hexahydrotriazine water-based and may mitigate some of drawbacks. While the same reactants are oxazolidine (an aldehyde primary amine) as hexahydrotriazines, synthesis conditions strictly anhydrous involve elimination water yield 5-membered ring heterocyclic species. However, we find that...

The removal of alkyl mercaptans via chemical means in the oil and gas industry has received very little attention compared with much more extensive work on hydrogen sulfide (H2S) scavenging. H2S from produced liquids, aqueous, hydrocarbon, is a vitally important part industry. Typically, liquid scavengers are employed for levels up to approximately 5000 ppm. Above this, sequestering-type methods such as amine recycling units which can be regenerated used most typically produce elemental...

Abstract Sulfide scales (zinc, lead and iron sulfide) are currently causing considerable production challenges as mature fields kept operational, deeper-hotter reservoirs been developed. An effective way to combat conventional scaling is inject "squeeze" scale inhibitors into the formation which then slowly released resumes, providing protection. This option has not case for sulfide due kinetics lack of suitable products. In this study we present two field cases where new generation...

Abstract Despite attempts to inhibit or avoid the formation of fouling deposits (polymeric amorphous dithiazine apDTZ for short) from use MEA triazine, this remains a major operational problem and limits most popular ubiquitous hydrogen sulphide (H2S) scavenger. This paper (a) reviews summarizes previous work, (b) provides fresh insights into reaction product mechanism formation, (c) proposes an effective method removal, (d) some mechanisms digestion. The is discussed reasoning provided...

A detailed account of the molecular species identified in synthesis alcohol hemiformal H2S scavengers was recently published by authors. This study focused on mass and structural characterization ultimate products scavenging process but unable to identity initially formed upon reaction with hydrogen sulfide. It conjectured that formaldehyde yielded hydroxymethyl mercaptan without direct evidence. In this current work, we first present when react before formation a solid polymeric...

Abstract A major shale producer in North America with established oil and gas production was facing challenges severe paraffin deposition downhole tubing flowlines. Since chemical recommendations based on traditional screenings failed to deliver adequate inhibition, the operator turned a costly remediation program maintain production. We aimed revisit case, do root cause analysis, look for potential solution cost savings. The field deposit obtained from proved be quite complex introduced...

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