A5083144255- Plant Pathogens and Resistance
- Plant Pathogens and Fungal Diseases
- Forest Insect Ecology and Management
- Plant and Fungal Interactions Research
- Fire effects on ecosystems
- Rangeland and Wildlife Management
- Plant responses to elevated CO2
- Yeasts and Rust Fungi Studies
- Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies
- Forest Ecology and Biodiversity Studies
- Historical Studies and Socio-cultural Analysis
- Botany and Plant Ecology Studies
- Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies
- Species Distribution and Climate Change
- Manufacturing Process and Optimization
- Plant Disease Resistance and Genetics
- Mycorrhizal Fungi and Plant Interactions
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- French Historical and Cultural Studies
- Forest ecology and management
- Forest Management and Policy
- French Urban and Social Studies
- Insect-Plant Interactions and Control
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Plant and animal studies
California Polytechnic State University
2017-2023
California State Polytechnic University
2017-2021
University of California, Davis
2008-2017
Plant (United States)
2016-2017
North Carolina State University
2013
Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center
2002-2010
Harvard University
2002-2010
Minnesota Department of Natural Resources
2008
University of Minnesota
2008
Arcadis (United States)
2008
Summary Accumulating evidence highlights increased mortality risks for trees during severe drought, particularly under warmer temperatures and increasing vapour pressure deficit ( VPD ). Resulting forest die‐off events have consequences ecosystem services, biophysical biogeochemical land–atmosphere processes. Despite advances in monitoring, modelling experimental studies of the causes tree death from individual to global scale, a general mechanistic understanding realistic predictions...
Significance We use sudden oak death in California to illustrate how mathematical modeling can be used optimize control of established epidemics invading pathogens complex heterogeneous landscapes. our statewide model—which has been parameterized pathogen spread data—to address a number broadly applicable questions. How quickly must management start? When is an epidemic too large prevent further effectively? should local treatment deployed? does this depend on the budget and level risk...
The introduced hemlock woolly adelgid (HWA) ( Adelges tsugae Annand) has generated widespread tree decline and substantial mortality of eastern Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière) throughout the United States. To assess magnitude ecosystem response to this disturbance, we conducted a multi-year study forests with without damage from HWA. Infested had significantly higher HWA-induced foliar loss lower forest floor C:N ratios soil organic matter than uninfested forests. There were no significant...
Summary 1. Few pathogens are the sole or primary cause of species extinctions, but forest disease has caused spectacular declines in North American overstorey trees and restructured ecosystems at large spatial scales over past 100 years. These events threaten biodiversity associated with impacted host other resources valued by human societies even when they do not directly extinction. 2. Invasion Phytophthora ramorum emergence sudden oak death a large‐scale decline tanoak ( Notholithocarpus...
Abstract Aim This study compares the magnitude and trajectory of vegetation ecosystem function dynamics associated with direct impact hemlock woolly adelgid ( Adelges tsugae Annand; HWA) infestation vs. indirect consequences HWA‐induced damage in form salvage pre‐emptive logging [ Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carriere] forests. Location The was conducted within an area extending from southern Connecticut up to including River lowlands west Berkshire Plateau central Massaschusetts, USA. Methods...
Epidemiological theory predicts that asymmetric transmission, susceptibility, and mortality within a community will drive pathogen disease dynamics. These epidemiological asymmetries can result in apparent competition, where highly infectious host reduces the abundance of less or more susceptible members via shared pathogen. We show exotic Phytophthora ramorum resulting disease, sudden oak death, cause competition among canopy trees transmission differences drives patterns severity...
Exotic pathogens and pests threaten ecosystem service, biodiversity, crop security globally. If an invasive agent can disperse asymptomatically over long distances, multiple spatial temporal scales interplay, making identification of effective strategies to regulate, monitor, control disease extremely difficult. The management outbreaks is also challenged by limited data on the actual area infested dynamics spread, due financial, technological, or social constraints. We examine principles...
Abstract Broad‐scale forest die‐off associated with drought and heat has now been reported from every forested continent, posing a global‐scale challenge to management. Climate‐driven is frequently compounded other drivers of tree mortality, such as altered land use, wildfire, invasive species, making management increasingly complex. Facing similar challenges, rangeland managers have widely adopted the approach developing conceptual models that identify key ecosystem states major types...
Pathogens and insect pests are important drivers of tree mortality forest dynamics, but global change has rapidly altered or intensified their impacts. Predictive understanding changing disease outbreak occurrence been limited by two factors: ( a) morbidity emergent phenomena determined interactions between plant hosts, biotic agents (insects pathogens), the environment; b) disparate co-occur, obscuring net impacts on each these components. To expand our diseases, declines, outbreaks, we...
Builds on previous research by the authors to establish a mathematical representation of surface roughness stereolithography (SL) parts. It is intention use this modelling technique as design tool for defining optimum build orientation and planning post‐process finishing operations. During development model, number in‐process attributes inherent in SL were seen affect deviation. Most notably phenomenon known “print‐through” down‐facing planes produces envelope very smooth surfaces. Although...
Plant and animal disease outbreaks have significant ecological economic impacts. The spatial extent of control is often informed solely by administrative geography - for example, quarantine an entire county or state once invading detected with little regard pathogen epidemiology. We present a stochastic model the spread plant that couples in natural environment transmission via nursery trade, use it to illustrate deployed according boundaries almost always sub-optimal. sudden oak death...
Presents the background to and efforts being made find a direct production route using rapid prototype (RP) parts as electrodes for electrical discharge machining (EDM). It would have double effect of unlocking potential EDM die sinking process expanding role RP in environment. Thin coated stereolithography (SL) models been used erode hardened tool steel depth 4mm. Machining efficiency these copper is not comparable that conventional machined solid electrodes. Parametric optimization has...
The disease triangle is a basic and highly flexible tool used extensively in forest pathology. By linking host, pathogen, environmental factors, the model provides etiological insights into emergence. Landscape ecology, as field, focuses on spatially heterogeneous environments most often employed to understand dynamics of relatively large areas such those including multiple ecosystems (a landscape) or regions (multiple landscapes). ecology increasingly focused role co-occurring, overlapping,...
Abstract Forest pathogens are important drivers of tree mortality across the globe, but it is exceptionally challenging to gather and build unbiased quantitative models their impacts. Here we harness rare data set matching spatial scale pathogen invasion, host, disease heterogeneity estimate infection for four most susceptible host species Phytophthora ramorum , an invasive that drives biological cause in a broad geographic region coastal California southwest Oregon. As 2012, current field...
Summary Few studies have quantified pathogen impacts to ecosystem processes, despite the fact that pathogens cause or contribute regional‐scale tree mortality. We measured litterfall mass, chemistry, and soil nitrogen ( N ) cycling associated with multiple hosts along a gradient of mortality caused by P hytophthora ramorum , sudden oak death. In redwood forests, epidemiological ecological characteristics major overstory species determine disease patterns magnitude nature change. Bay laurel U...
This study examined the impacts of hemlock woolly adelgid (Adelges tsugae Annand) (HWA), a small, invasive insect, on foliar chemistry, forest floor microclimate, and subsequent green foliage decomposition in eastern (Tsuga canadensis (L.) Carrière) forests. We investigated direct effects HWA feeding indirect changes microclimate by incubating HWA-infested uninfested across eight dominated stands southern New England that had different histories infestation. Infested much poorer average...
Insect and disease outbreak is an important cause of selective species removal accompanying functional change in North American forests. Outbreak hemlock woolly adelgid, Adelgies tsugae– HWA, causing eastern Tsuga canadensis at a regional scale. Impacts outbreak-caused canopy mortality shifts dominant on litter decay were compared across sites that range HWA-caused damage subsequent dominance by black birch Betula lenta. Senescent from hemlock, birch, equal mixes decomposed the field for 36...