A5076301418- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- SARS-CoV-2 detection and testing
- HIV Research and Treatment
- Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Parvovirus B19 Infection Studies
- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- Plant Virus Research Studies
- Dermatological and COVID-19 studies
- HIV/AIDS drug development and treatment
- vaccines and immunoinformatics approaches
- Herpesvirus Infections and Treatments
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Cytomegalovirus and herpesvirus research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Hepatitis B Virus Studies
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- RNA regulation and disease
- Blood groups and transfusion
- RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
Osaka University
2019-2025
Kyoto Biken Laboratories (Japan)
2019-2024
Osaka International Cancer Institute
2024
Kyoto University
2009-2016
Baruch S. Blumberg Institute
2016
National Institutes of Health
2007-2008
Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
2007-2008
Tohoku University
1993-2004
Hirosaki University
1998
Abstract Even though highly active anti-retroviral therapy is able to keep HIV-1 replication under control, the virus can lie in a dormant state within host genome, known as latent reservoir and poses threat re-emerge at any time. However, novel technologies aimed disrupting provirus may be capable of eradicating viral genomes from infected individuals. In this study, we showed potential CRISPR/Cas9 system edit genome block its expression. When LTR-targeting components were transfected into...
mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 were rapidly developed and effective during the pandemic. However, some limitations remain to be resolved, such as short-lived induced immune response certain adverse effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need develop new that address these issues. While live-attenuated are a highly modality, they pose risk of effects, including virulence reversion. In current study, we constructed vaccine candidate, BK2102, combining naturally occurring...
The enrichment of mobile genetic elements in heterochromatin may be due, part, to targeted integration. chromoviruses are Ty3/ gypsy retrotransposons with chromodomains at their integrase C termini. Chromodomains logical determinants for targeting heterochromatin, because the chromodomain protein 1 (HP1) typically recognizes histone H3 K9 methylation, an epigenetic mark characteristic heterochromatin. We describe three groups based on amino acid sequence relationships Genome analysis...
Dengue virus (DENV) is one of the most important arthropod-borne pathogens that cause life-threatening diseases in humans. However, no vaccine or specific antiviral available for dengue. As seen other RNA viruses, innate immune system plays a key role controlling DENV infection and disease outcome. Although interferon (IFN) response, which central to host protective immunity, has been reported limit replication, molecular details how modulated by IFN treatment are elusive. In this study,...
ABSTRACT The range of genome‐editing tools has recently been expanded. In particular, an RNA‐guided tool, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)‐associated 9 (Cas9) system, many applications for human diseases. this study, guide RNA (gRNA) to target gag , pol and a long terminal HIV‐1 was designed used generate gRNA‐expressing lentiviral vectors. An HIV‐1‐specific gRNA Cas9 were stably dually transduced into highly HIV‐1‐susceptible T‐cell line inhibitory...
ABSTRACT Tetherin, also known as BST-2/CD317/HM1.24, is an antiviral cellular protein that inhibits the release of HIV-1 particles from infected cells. viral U (Vpu) a specific antagonist human tetherin might contribute to high virulence HIV-1. In this study, we show three amino acid residues (I34, L37, and L41) in transmembrane (TM) domain are critical for interaction with Vpu by using live cell-based assay. We found conservation additional at position 45 two downstream 22, which absent...
DNA-editing technology has made it possible to rewrite genetic information in living cells. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) provirus, an integrated form of viral complementary DNA host chromosomes, could be a potential target for this technology. We recently reported that HIV proviral excised from the chromosomal HIV-based lentiviral DNA-transduced T cells after multiple introductions clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/Cas9 endonuclease system targeting long...
Species A rotaviruses (RVs) are a leading cause of severe acute gastroenteritis in infants and children younger than 5 years. Currently available RV vaccines were adapted from wild-type strains by serial passage cultured cells or reassortment between human animal strains. These traditional methods require large-scale screening genotyping to obtain vaccine candidates. Reverse genetics is tractable, rapid, reproducible approach generating recombinant candidates carrying any VP4 VP7 genes that...
mRNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 were rapidly developed and effective during the pandemic. However, some limitations remain to be resolved, such as short-lived induced immune response certain adverse effects. Therefore, there is an urgent need develop new that address these issues. While live-attenuated are a highly modality, they pose risk of effects, including virulence reversion. In current study, we constructed vaccine candidate, BK2102, combining naturally occurring...
ABSTRACT APOBEC1 (A1) is a cytidine deaminase involved in the regulation of lipids small intestine. Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) ubiquitous pathogen that capable infecting neurons brain, causing encephalitis. Here, we show A1 induced during encephalitis rats infected with HSV-1. In cells stably expressing A1, HSV-1 infection resulted significantly reduced replication compared to control cells. Infectivity could be restored levels comparable those observed for if expression was silenced by...
Abstract Background Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is a ssRNA(+) virus of the Picornaviridae family associated with myocarditis and type I diabetes. Prevention mother-to-child transmission important, especially since outcomes neonatal infection can be fatal. However, vaccines have not yet been developed. In this study, we revealed that CVB3 codon-deoptimized in nonstructural proteins’ region (CVB3cd) used as live-attenuated (LAVs). Furthermore, showed co-infection experiments, CVB3cd-based...
<title>Abstract</title> Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is a major cause of myocarditis and acute pancreatitis, particularly in neonates, whom infections result severe symptoms high mortality rates. Despite the urgent need for effective preventive strategies, no vaccines or therapeutic agents have been developed. Live-attenuated hold promise combating viral infections; however, their pathogenicity must be carefully regulated without compromising immunogenicity. Here, we investigated codon...
Efficient downregulation of CXCR4 cell surface expression by introduction the CD63 gene has previously been reported us. In present study, it was found that and its mutant efficiently interact with in live cells CD63-induced interaction are significantly abrogated N-linked glycosylation inhibitor, TM. Furthermore, were clearly attenuated alternation all three sites CD63. Either or CD63DeltaN formed a complex at Golgi apparatus late endosomes, while GD mutants lost ability to form exclusively...
Live-attenuated vaccines are generally highly effective. Here, we aimed to develop one against SARS-CoV-2, based on the identification of three types temperature-sensitive (TS) strains with mutations in nonstructural proteins (nsp), impaired proliferation at 37°C–39°C, and capacity induce protective immunity Syrian hamsters. To a live-attenuated vaccine, generated virus that combined all these TS-associated (rTS-all), which showed robust TS phenotype vitro high attenuation vivo. The vaccine...
ABSTRACT Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) utilizes several host proteases to cleave the spike (S) protein enter cells. SARS-CoV-2 S is cleaved into S1 and S2 subunits by furin, which closely involved in pathogenicity of SARS-CoV-2. However, effects modulated protease cleavage activity due mutations on viral replication pathogenesis remain unclear. Herein, we serially passaged two strains Vero cells characterized cell-adapted vitro vivo . The adapted showed high...
Rho GTPases are able to influence the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). However, little is known about regulation HIV-1 by guanine nucleotide dissociation inhibitors (GDIs), one three major regulators GTPase activation cycle. From a T cell-based cDNA library screening, ARHGDIB/RhoGDIβ, hematopoietic lineage-specific GDI family protein, was identified as negative regulator replication. Up-regulation ARHGDIB attenuated in multiple cell lines. The results showed that...
An inability to proliferate at high temperatures typically gives viruses an attenuated phenotype. Here, we present a protocol obtain and isolate temperature-sensitive (TS) SARS-CoV-2 strains via 5-fluorouracile-induced mutagenesis. We describe steps for the induction of mutations in wild-type virus selection TS clones. then show how identify associated with phenotype, following forward reverse genetics strategies. For complete details on use execution this protocol, please refer Yoshida et...