A5008128216- Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- RNA Research and Splicing
- Physiological and biochemical adaptations
- Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Insect behavior and control techniques
- Cell Image Analysis Techniques
- Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Ion Channels and Receptors
- Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Archaeology and ancient environmental studies
- Heat shock proteins research
- Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Insect and Arachnid Ecology and Behavior
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Bone Tissue Engineering Materials
- Advanced X-ray and CT Imaging
- Hippo pathway signaling and YAP/TAZ
- Antimicrobial Peptides and Activities
- Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
University of Wyoming
2020-2024
Wyoming Department of Education
2024
National Heart Lung and Blood Institute
2014-2023
National Institutes of Health
2014-2023
University of Tennessee at Knoxville
2009-2022
Abstract Organs have a distinctive yet often overlooked spatial arrangement in the body 1–5 . We propose that there is logic to shape of an organ and its proximity neighbours. Here, by using volumetric scans many Drosophila melanogaster flies, we develop methods quantify three-dimensional features shape, position interindividual variability. find both shapes organs their relative are consistent differ between sexes, identify unexpected interorgan adjacencies left–right asymmetries. Focusing...
Abstract The centrosome is the major microtubule-organizing centre of many cells, best known for its role in mitotic spindle organization. How proteins are accurately assembled to carry out functions remains poorly understood. non-membrane-bound nature dictates that protein–protein interactions drive assembly and functions. To investigate this massive macromolecular organelle, we generated a ‘domain-level’ interactome using direct interaction data from focused yeast two-hybrid screen. We...
Understanding how events at the molecular and cellular scales contribute to tissue form function is key uncovering mechanisms driving animal development, physiology disease. Elucidating these has been enhanced through study of model organisms use sophisticated genetic, biochemical imaging tools. Here, we present an accessible method for non-invasive Drosophila melanogaster high resolution using micro-computed tomography (µ-CT). We show rapid processing intact animals, any developmental...
Article26 July 2021Open Access Source DataTransparent process Host autophagy mediates organ wasting and nutrient mobilization for tumor growth Rojyar Khezri Centre Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty University Oslo, Norway Department Molecular Biology, Research, Oslo Hospital, Search more papers by this author Petter Holland Todd Andrew Schoborg Biology Physiology Center, National Heart, Lung Blood Institute, Institutes Health, Bethesda, MD, USA Ifat...
A tubular bone bead dating to ~ 12,940 BP was recovered from a hearth-centered activity area at the La Prele Mammoth site in Converse County, Wyoming, USA. This is oldest known Western Hemisphere. To determine taxonomic origin of bead, we extracted collagen for zooarchaeology by mass spectrometry (ZooMS). We also used micro-CT scanning morphological analysis likely skeletal elements its production. conclude that made metapodial or proximal phalanx hare (Lepus sp.). find represents first...
Chromatin insulators assist in the formation of higher-order chromatin structures by mediating long-range contacts between distant genomic sites. It has been suggested that accomplish this task forming dense nuclear foci termed insulator bodies result from coalescence multiple protein-bound insulators. However, these remain poorly understood, particularly mechanisms triggering body and their role function. In paper, we show proteins undergo a dramatic dynamic spatial reorganization into...
The interaction between centrosomes and mitotic spindle poles is important for efficient formation, orientation, cell polarity. However, our understanding of the dynamics this relationship implications tissue homeostasis remains poorly understood. Here we report that Drosophila melanogaster calmodulin (CaM) regulates ability microcephaly-associated protein, abnormal (Asp), to cross-link microtubules. Both proteins colocalize on spindles move toward poles, suggesting they form a complex. Our...
Mechanisms that regulate partitioning of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) during cell division are largely unknown. Previous studies have mostly addressed ER in cultured cells, which may not recapitulate physiological processes critical developing, intact tissues. We this by analysing asymmetrically dividing stem precise segregation cellular components is essential for proper development and tissue architecture. show Drosophila neural called neuroblasts, partitioned to centrosomes early...
Abstract Implanted polymeric devices, designed to encourage tissue regeneration, require porosity. However, characterizing porosity, which affects many functional device properties, is non‐trivial. Computed tomography (CT) a quick, versatile, and non‐destructive way gain 3D structural information, yet various CT technologies, such as benchtop, preclinical clinical systems, all have different capabilities. As system capabilities determine the information that can be obtained, seamless...
Mounting evidence implicates liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS), the condensation of biomolecules into liquid-like droplets in formation and dissolution membraneless intracellular organelles (MLOs). Cells use MLOs or condensates for various biological processes, including emergency signaling spatiotemporal control over steady-state biochemical reactions heterochromatin formation. Insulator proteins are architectural elements involved establishing independent domains transcriptional...
Biomedical imaging tools permit investigation of molecular mechanisms across spatial scales, from genes to organisms. Drosophila melanogaster, a well-characterized model organism, has benefited the use light and electron microscopy understand gene function at level cells tissues. The application platforms that allow for an understanding entire intact organism would further enhance our knowledge genetic mechanisms. Here whole animal method is presented outlines steps needed visualize any...
Though operationally defined as cis-regulatory elements, enhancers can also communicate with promoters on a separate homolog in trans, mechanism that has been suggested to account for the ability of certain alleles same gene complement one another process otherwise known transvection. This homolog-pairing dependent is facilitated Drosophila by chromatin-associated pairing proteins, many which remain unknown and their action uncharacterized. Here we have tested role gypsy chromatin insulator...
Implanted biomedical devices require porosity to encourage tissue regeneration. However, characterizing porosity, which affects many functional device properties, is non-trivial. Computed tomography (CT) a quick, versatile, and non-destructive way gain 3D structural information. While optimization of CT for polymeric has been investigated at the bench on high-resolution micro-CT (μCT) scanners, pre-clinical clinical systems cannot be tuned same way, given an overriding objective minimize...
Abstract Drosophila melanogaster tumor models are growing in popularity, driven by the high degree of genetic as well functional conservation to humans. The most common method measure effects a on distant organs human cancer patient is use computed tomography (CT), often used diagnosing cachexia, debilitating cancer-induced syndrome visibly characterized loss muscle mass. Successful application resolution micro-CT scanning D. was recently reported and we here present segmentation all visible...
Abstract Ecological conditions shape (adaptive) responses at the molecular, anatomical, and behavioral levels. Understanding these is key to predict outcomes of intra- inter-specific competitions evolutionary trajectory populations. Recent technological advances have enabled large-scale molecular (e.g., RNAseq) computer vision) studies, but study anatomical ecological has lagged behind. Here, we highlight role X-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) in generating vivo ex 3D imaging...
Heart failure is often preceded by pathological cardiac hypertrophy, a thickening of the heart musculature driven complex gene regulatory and signaling processes. The Drosophila has great potential as genetic model for deciphering underlying mechanisms hypertrophy. However, current methods evaluating hypertrophy are laborious difficult to carry out reproducibly. Here, we demonstrate that microcomputerized tomography (microCT) an accessible, highly reproducible method nondestructive,...
We report the first identifications of species and element used to produce Paleolithic bone needles. Archaeologists have tailored, fur-fringed garments high latitude foragers as modern analogs for clothes foragers, arguing that appearance needles fur bearer remains in archaeological sites c. 40,000 BP is indirect evidence advent tailored at this time. These partially enabled human dispersal northern latitudes eventually colonization Americas ca. 14,500 BP. Despite importance explaining...
Abstract The use of microcomputed tomography (Micro-CT) for imaging biological samples has burgeoned in the past decade, due to increased access scanning platforms, ease operation, isotropic three-dimensional image information, and ability derive accurate quantitative data. However, manual data analysis Micro-CT images can be laborious time intensive. Deep learning offers streamline this process, but historically included caveats—namely, need a large amount training data, which is often...
The coordination of cellular behaviors during neurodevelopment is critical for determining the form, function, and size central nervous system. Mutations in vertebrate Abnormal Spindle-Like, Microcephaly Associated (ASPM) gene its Drosophila melanogaster ortholog abnormal spindle (asp) lead to microcephaly, a reduction overall brain whose etiology remains poorly defined. Here we provide neurodevelopmental transcriptional landscape model autosomal recessive primary microcephaly (MCPH) extend...
The coordination of cellular behaviors during neurodevelopment is critical for determining the form, function, and size central nervous system (CNS). Mutations in vertebrate Abnormal Spindle-Like, Microcephaly Associated (ASPM) gene its Drosophila melanogaster ortholog abnormal spindle (asp) lead to microcephaly (MCPH), a reduction overall brain whose etiology remains poorly defined. Here, we provide neurodevelopmental transcriptional landscape model autosomal recessive primary...