Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) can provide rapid fingerprinting of biomaterial in a nondestructive manner. The adsorption colloidal silver to biological material suppresses native biofluorescence while providing electromagnetic surface enhancement the normal signal. This work validates applicability qualitative SER for analysis bacterial species by utilizing principal component (PCA) show discrimination threat simulants, based upon multivariate statistical confidence limits...

We have previously demonstrated the use of wide-field Raman chemical imaging (RCI) to detect and identify presence trace explosives in contaminated fingerprints. In this current work we demonstrate detection fingerprints on strongly scattering surfaces such as plastics painted metals using an automated background subtraction routine. partial least squares minimize interfering surface spectral signatures, allowing identification explosive materials corrected images. The resulting analyses are...

The olfactory epithelium (OE) is unusual in its ability to regenerate and reinnervate target, the bulb (OB), after deafferentation. To address question of whether receptor neuron (ORN) axons preserve their topographic organization when they reestablish synaptic contact with OB, authors examined pattern ORN axon reinnervation into adult H-OMP-lacZ-6 transgenic mice during recovery from chemical In mouse strain, lacZ expression limited a subset ORNs that are distributed bilaterally OE project...

Abstract The ability of normal Raman and surface‐enhanced scattering (SERS) to identify detect bacteria has shown great success in recent studies. addition silver nanoparticles bacterial samples not only results an enhanced signal, but it also suppresses the native fluorescence associated with biological material. In this report, chemical imaging (RCI) was used analyze individual complex mixtures spores vegetative cells. RCI uses every pixel or a binned group (BPG) camera as independent...

Raman chemical imaging microspectroscopy is evaluated as a technology for waterborne pathogen and bioaerosol detection. produces three-dimensional data cube consisting of spectrum at every pixel in microscope field view. Binary ternary mixtures including combinations polystyrene beads, Gram-positive Bacillus anthracis, B. thuringiensis, atrophaeus spores, cereus vegetative cells were investigated by differentiation characterization purposes. spore aerosol sizes varied to provide visual proof...

Independent component analysis (ICA) has found wide application in a variety of areas, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data been particularly fruitful one. Maximum likelihood provides natural formuiation for ICA allows one to take into account multiple statistical properties the data-forms diversity. While use types diversity additional flexibility, it comes at cost, leading high variability solution space. In this paper, using simulated as well fMRI-like data, we provide...

We present the results of a three-year collaboration between U.S. Army Edgewood Chemical Biological Center and Research Laboratory-Aldelphi Laboratory on evaluation selected nanometallic surfaces developed for Defense Advanced Projects Agency Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) Science Technology Fundamentals program. The primary role two labs was to develop analytical spectroscopic figures merit unambiguously compare sensitivity reproducibility various SERS substrates submitted by...

Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy historically is a powerful tool for the taxonomic classification of bacteria by genus, species, and strain when they are grown under carefully controlled conditions. Relatively few reports have investigated determination pathogens such as National Institute Allergy Infectious Diseases (NIAID) Category A Bacillus anthracis spores cells (BA), Yersinia Francisella tularensis (FT), B Brucella species from FT-IR spectra. We multivariate statistics...

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) has been shown to be an effective technique for increasing the detection sensitivity in chemical and biological applications. SERS a distinct advantage over normal spectroscopy, with enhancements typically greater than 10 4 signal; however, this comes caveat: controlling spectroscopic reproducibility enhancement activity of metal nanostructured substrates can difficult. We present survey subsequent data analysis performed on several designed SERS,...

We introduce non-negative matrix factorization with orthogonality constraints (NMF-OC) for detection of a target spectrum in given set Raman spectra data. An measure is defined and two different are imposed on the standard NMF to incorporate prior information into estimation hence facilitate subsequent procedure. Experimental results presented compare NMF-OC basic ICA methods detection, demonstrate its effectiveness chemical agent problem.

Wide-field Raman chemical imaging (RCI) has been used to detect and identify the presence of trace explosives in contaminated fingerprints. A background subtraction routine was developed minimize spectral features produced by surfaces on which fingerprint examined. The image analyzed with a angle mapping explosives. This study shows potential capability non-destructively so that remains intact for further biometric analysis.

Steady state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP) have been identified as a highly viable solution for brain computer interface (BCI) systems. The SSVEP is observed in the scalp-based recordings of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals, and one component buried amongst normal signals complex noise. By taking advantage sample diversity, higher order statistics statistical dependencies associated with analysis multiple datasets, independent vector (IVA) can be used to enhance detection signal...

UV Raman spectroscopy is being applied to the detection of natural and man-made surfaces contaminated with chemical agents. In support these efforts, we have measured signatures agents their simulants. addition, both absorption cross sections compounds for determining relative limits detection. The measurements were made using a doubled Argon ion laser operating at 248 nm. Spectra collected on an echelle spectrograph equipped CCD array detector. Based data collected, also discuss suitability...

Dynamic photoacoustic spectroscopy (DPAS) is a high sensitivity technique for standoff detection of trace vapors. A field-portable DPAS system has potential as an early warning provider gaseous-based chemical threats. For the first time, we utilize to successfully detect presence aerosols. Aerosol identification via long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) spectra demonstrated. We estimate our aerosols comprised silica particles comparable that SF(6) gas based on signal level per absorbance unit...

Views Icon Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Twitter Facebook Reddit LinkedIn Tools Reprints and Permissions Cite Search Site Citation Jason Guicheteau, Steven Christesen, Ashish Tripathi, Erik Emmons, Darren Emge, Phillip Wilcox, Augustus W. Fountain; Raman Surface‐Enhanced for Military Applications. AIP Conference Proceedings 6 August 2010; 1267 (1): 1069–1070. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3482299 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference...

The ability of a stand-off chemical detector to distinguish two different warfare agents is demonstrated in this paper. Using Negative Contrast Imaging, based upon IR absorption spectroscopy, we were able detect 1 μl VX, sulfur mustard and water on subset representative surfaces. These experiments performed at range 1.3 metres an angle 45° the surface. technique employed utilises Q-switched intracavity MgO:PPLN crystal that generated 1.4 – 1.8 μm (shortwave) 2.6 3.6 (midwave) infrared...

Because of the unique Raman spectrum a chemical, spectroscopy can be used to identify chemicals on surface. In this paper chemical detection and classification in stationary background are addressed. Firstly, because autoregressive (AR) is capable representing wide range spectra, both pure plus modeled as AR spectra with different coefficients. Based modeling, generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) proposed detect abnormal background. essence, GLRT detector tests if data represented by...

A Chem/Bio Defense Algorithm Benchmark is proposed as a way to leverage algorithm expertise and apply it high fidelity challenge problems in simulation environment. Initially intended provide risk mitigation the DTRA-sponsored US Army CUGR ACTD, its intent enable assessment transition of algorithms support P3I future spiral updates. The key chemical sensor ACTD Joint Contaminated Surface Detector (JCSD), short-range stand-off Raman spectroscopy for tactical in-the-field applications....

A novel method of constructing a joint PDF under H <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">1</sub> , when the xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">0</sub> is known, developed. It has direct application in distributed detection systems. The construction based on exponential family and it shown that asymptotically constructed optimal. generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) derived this for partially observed linear model....

This paper considers the problem of detecting and classifying surface chemicals by analyzing received Raman spectrum scattered laser pulses from a moving vehicle. An autoregressive (AR) model is proposed to two-stage (detection followed classification) scheme used control false alarm rate. The detector decides whether pure background only or plus some chemicals. classification made among library possible mixtures also addressed. Simulation results using field data have shown excellent...

ITT Corporation, Advanced Engineering and Sciences Division, is currently developing the Joint Contaminated Surface Detector (JCSD) technology under an Concept Technology Demonstration (ACTD) managed jointly by U.S. Army Research, Development, Command (RDECOM) Project Manager for Nuclear, Biological, Chemical Contamination Avoidance incorporation on Army's future reconnaissance vehicles. This paper describes design of chemical agent identification (ID) algorithm associated with JCSD. The...

Detection of a given target or set targets from observed data is problem countered in many applications. Regardless the algorithm selected, detection performance can be severely degraded when subspace defined by singular ill conditioned. High correlations between components and their linear combinations lead to false positives misidentifications, especially for subspace-based detectors. In this paper, we propose partitioning scheme that allows performed number better conditioned subspaces...