We point out the existence of a nonperturbative exact nilpotent BRST symmetry for Gribov-Zwanziger action in Landau gauge. then put forward manifestly invariant resolution Gribov gauge fixing ambiguity linear covariant

We set up an infrared-based moment problem to obtain estimates of the masses scalar, pseudoscalar, and tensor glueballs in Euclidean Yang-Mills theories using refined Gribov-Zwanziger (RGZ) version Landau gauge, which takes into account nonperturbative physics related gauge copies. Employing lattice input for mass scales RGZ gluon propagator, lowest order approximation gives values ${m}_{0++}\ensuremath{\approx}1.96\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$, ${m}_{2++}\ensuremath{\approx}2.04\text{...

We present a local setup for the recently introduced BRST-invariant formulation of Yang-Mills theories linear covariant gauges that takes into account existence gauge copies \`a la Gribov and Zwanziger. Through convenient use auxiliary fields, including one Stueckelberg type, it is shown both action associated nilpotent BRST operator can be put in form. Direct consequences this fully BRST-symmetric framework are drawn from its Ward identities: (i) an exact prediction longitudinal part gluon...

Restricting the functional integral to Gribov region $\ensuremath{\Omega}$ leads a deep modification of behavior Euclidean Yang-Mills theories in infrared region. For example, gluon propagator type, $\frac{{k}^{2}}{{k}^{4}+{\stackrel{^}{\ensuremath{\gamma}}}^{4}}$, can be viewed as propagating pair unphysical modes, called here $i$-particles, with complex masses $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}i{\stackrel{^}{\ensuremath{\gamma}}}^{2}$. From this viewpoint, gluons are and one see them being...

In this paper, we discuss the gluon propagator in linear covariant gauges $D=2$, 3, 4 Euclidean dimensions. Nonperturbative effects are taken into account via so-called refined Gribov-Zwanziger framework. We point out that, as Landau and maximal Abelian gauges, for $D=3$, 4, displays a massive (decoupling) behavior, while scaling one emerges. All results discussed setup that respects Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) symmetry, through recently introduced nonperturbative BRST transformation....

In order to construct a gauge invariant two-point function in Yang-Mills theory, we propose the use of all-order transverse configurations A^h. Such can be obtained through minimization functional A^2_{min} along orbit within BRST formulation Gribov-Zwanziger framework recently put forward [1,2] for class linear covariant gauges. This correlator turns out provide characterization non-perturbative aspects theory and parameter independent way. particular, it that poles <A^h A^h> are same as...

The quantization of non-Abelian gauge theories is known to be plagued by Gribov copies. Typical examples are the copies related zero modes Faddeev-Popov operator, which give rise singularities in ghost propagator. In this work we present an exact and compact expression for propagator as a function external fields, SU(N) Yang-Mills theory Landau gauge. It shown, all orders, that condition not have pole, so-called Gribov's no-pole condition, can implemented demanding nonvanishing expectation...

Correlation functions are important probes for the behavior of quantum field theories. Already at tree-level, refined Gribov-Zwanziger (RGZ) effective action Yang-Mills theories provides a good approximation gluon propagator, as compared to that calculated by nonperturbative methods such lattice theory and Dyson-Schwinger equations. However, study higher correlation RGZ is still its beginning. In this work we evaluate ghost-gluon vertex function in Landau gauge one-loop level, <a:math...

A bstract The interaction between Unruh-De Witt spin 1/2 detectors and a real scalar field is scrutinized by making use of the Tomita-Takesaki modular theory as applied to Von Neumann algebra Weyl operators. enables evaluate in an exact way trace over quantum degrees freedom. resulting density matrix employed study Bell-CHSH correlator. It turns out that, consequence with field, violation inequality exhibits decreasing compared case which absent.

The use of the vacuum projector $|0 \rangle \langle 0| $ and unitary Weyl operators enables us to construct a set Hermitian dichotomic in relativistic scalar Quantum Field Theory Minkowski spacetime. Employing test functions supported diamond regions, both Bell Mermin inequalities are studied by means numerical setup. In addition reporting expressive violations inequalities, cluster property is also checked.

We numerically investigate the Araki-Uhlmann relative entropy in Quantum Field Theory, focusing on a free massive scalar field 1+1-dimensional Minkowski spacetime. Using Tomita-Takesaki modular theory, we analyze between coherent state and vacuum state, with several types of test functions localized right Rindler wedge. Our results confirm that decreases increasing mass grows size spacetime region, aligning theoretical expectations.

Abstract A numerical setup for the Bell-CHSH inequality causal diamonds in $$1+1$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>1</mml:mn> <mml:mo>+</mml:mo> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> Minkowski spacetime is presented. Upon choosing a suitable set of test functions supported diamonds, sensible violations are reported correlation function Weyl operators real scalar massive field vacuum state.

We show that the soft breaking of Becchi, Rouet, Stora, and Tyutin (BRST) symmetry arising in Gribov-Zwanziger theory can be converted into a linear upon introduction set BRST quartets auxiliary fields. Because its compatibility with quantum action principle, linearly broken directly suitable useful Slavnov-Taylor identities. As consequence, it turns out renormalization aspects addressed by means cohomology nilpotent local operator.

In light of the development Gribov issue for pure Euclidean gauge theories and recent lattice measurement soft breaking BRST invariance in Yang-Mills Landau gauge, we consider non-perturbative features gauge-interacting matter sector their relation with general properties Faddeev-Popov operator. A signature is proposed a local renormalizable framework constructed, accommodating this predicting propagators that are consistent available data adjoint scalars quarks.

The violation of the Bell-Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality in vacuum state a relativistic free real scalar field is established by means Tomita-Takesaki construction and direct computation correlation functions Weyl operators.

In the present work, we study different aspects of Lorentz and CPT symmetry violation in extended massless QED. By following observation that $2+1$-dimensional Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory can be originated from $3+1$-dimensional Chern-Simons-like action, also focus on fermion sector to relate $3+1$ dimensional QED massive We take advantage this state action induced with its coefficient being well defined finite just as $2+1$ counterpart. make use three regularization schemes by inducting...

We address the issue of renormalizability gauge-invariant nonlocal dimension-two operator ${A}_{\mathrm{min}}^{2}$, whose minimization is defined along gauge orbit. Despite its character, we show that ${A}_{\mathrm{min}}^{2}$ can be cast in local form through introduction an auxiliary Stueckelberg field. The localization procedure gives rise to unconventional kind Stueckelberg-type action turns out renormalizable all orders perturbation theory. In particular, as a consequence invariance,...

We devise a general setup to investigate the violation of Bell-Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (Bell-CHSH) inequality in vacuum state context quantum field theory. test method with massless spinor fields ($1+1$)-dimensional Minkowski space-time. Alice's and Bob's functions are explicitly constructed, first by employing Haar wavelets which then bumpified into proper via smoothening procedure relying on Planck-taper window function. Relativistic causality is implemented requiring support be located...

We present an analytical study of continuum 4d SU(2) gauge Higgs models with a single field fixed length in either the fundamental or adjoint representation. aim at analytically probing renowned predictions Fradkin & Shenker on phase diagram terms confinement versus behaviour, obtained for lattice version model. work Landau 't Hooft R_\xi gauges which case we can access potential nonperturbative physics related to existence Gribov copies. In case, clearly show that perturbative regime small...

A Padé approximation approach, rooted in an infrared moment technique, is employed to provide mass estimates for various glueball states pure gauge theories. The main input this analysis are theoretically well-motivated fits lattice gluon propagator data, which by now available both SU(2) and SU(3) 3 4 space-time dimensions. We construct appropriate invariant Lorentz covariant operators the (pseudo)scalar (pseudo)tensor sector. Our compare reasonably well with a variety of sources directly...

In light of the recently established BRST invariant formulation Gribov–Zwanziger theory, we show that Zwanziger's horizon function displays a universal character. More precisely, correlation functions local operators evaluated with Yang–Mills action supplemented version and quantized in an arbitrary class covariant, color renormalizable gauges which reduce to Landau gauge when all parameters are set zero, have unique, independent result, corresponding restriction Gribov region Ω latter is...

We present a steepest descent calculation of the Kallen-Lehmann spectral density two-point functions involving complex conjugate masses in Euclidean space. This problem occurs studies (gauge) theories with Gribov-like propagators. As presence and use space brings theory outside strict validity Cutkosky cut rules, we discuss an alternative method based on Widder inversion operator Stieltjes transformation. It turns out that results coincide those obtained by naively applying rules. also point...

In this paper we address the issue of Gribov copies in SU(N), N > 2, Euclidean Yang–Mills theories quantized maximal Abelian gauge. A few properties region gauge are established. Similar to case SU(2), turns out be convex, bounded along off-diagonal directions field space, and unbounded diagonal ones. The implementation restriction functional integral is discussed through introduction horizon function, whose construction will outlined detail. influence on behavior gluon ghost propagators...