Recent lattice data have reported an infrared suppressed, positivity violating gluon propagator which is nonvanishing at zero momentum and a ghost no longer enhanced. This paper discusses how to obtain analytical results are in qualitative agreement with these within the Gribov-Zwanziger framework. framework allows one take into account effects related existence of gauge copies, by restricting domain integration path integral Gribov region. We elaborate great extent on previous short...

So far, the infrared behavior of gluon and ghost propagator based on Gribov-Zwanziger approach predicted a positivity violating vanishing at zero momentum, an enhanced propagator. However, recent data huge lattices have revealed which turns out to attain finite nonvanishing value very close momentum. At same time does not seem be anymore. We point that these new features can accounted for by yet unexploited dynamical effects within approach, leading in qualitatively good agreement with data.

We present an analytic description of numerical results for the Landau-gauge SU(2) gluon propagator $D({p}^{2})$, obtained from lattice simulations (in scaling region) largest sizes to date, in $d=2$, 3 and 4 space-time dimensions. Fits data $3d$ $4d$ show very good agreement with tree-level prediction refined Gribov-Zwanziger (RGZ) framework, supporting a massive behavior $D({p}^{2})$ infrared limit. In particular, we investigate propagator's pole structure provide estimates dynamical mass...

We consider the gluon propagator $D(p^2)$ at various lattice sizes and spacings in case of pure SU(3) Yang-Mills gauge theories using Landau fixing. discuss a class fits infrared region order to (in)validate tree level analytical prediction terms (Refined) Gribov-Zwanziger framework. It turns out that an important role is played by presence widely studied dimension two condensate $\braket{A^2}$. Including this effect allows obtain acceptable fit up 1 \'{a} 1.5 GeV, while corroborating...

In recent years, the Gribov-Zwanziger action was refined by taking into account certain dimension 2 condensates. this fashion, one succeeded in bringing gluon and ghost propagator obtained from model qualitative quantitative agreement with lattice data. paper, we shall elaborate further on aspect. First, show that more condensates can be taken than considered so far and, addition, give firm evidence these are fact present discussing effective potential. It follows thus dynamically transforms...

We consider the problem of ``measuring'' K\"all\'en-Lehmann spectral density a particle (be it elementary or bound state) propagator by means 4D lattice data. As latter are obtained from operations at (Euclidean momentum squared) ${p}^{2}\ensuremath{\ge}0$, we facing generically ill-posed converting limited data set over positive real axis to an integral representation, extending whole complex ${p}^{2}$ plane. employ linear regularization strategy, commonly known as Tikhonov method with...

We point out the existence of a nonperturbative exact nilpotent BRST symmetry for Gribov-Zwanziger action in Landau gauge. then put forward manifestly invariant resolution Gribov gauge fixing ambiguity linear covariant

We extend previous work on dynamical AdS/QCD models by introducing an extra ingredient under the form of a background magnetic field, this to gain insight into influence such field can have crucial QCD observables. Therefore, we construct closed analytic solution Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton system with field. specifically focus deconfinement transition, reporting inverse catalysis, and string tension, weaker/stronger confinement along/perpendicular The latter, being importance potential...

The local composite operator ${A}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{2}$ is added to the Zwanziger action, which implements restriction Gribov region $\ensuremath{\Omega}$ in Euclidean Yang-Mills theories Landau gauge. We prove that Zwanziger's action with inclusion of renormalizable all orders perturbation theory, obeying renormalization group equations. This allows us study dimension two gluon condensate $⟨{A}_{\ensuremath{\mu}}^{2}⟩$ by formalism when taken into account. resulting effective evaluated at...

We set up an infrared-based moment problem to obtain estimates of the masses scalar, pseudoscalar, and tensor glueballs in Euclidean Yang-Mills theories using refined Gribov-Zwanziger (RGZ) version Landau gauge, which takes into account nonperturbative physics related gauge copies. Employing lattice input for mass scales RGZ gluon propagator, lowest order approximation gives values ${m}_{0++}\ensuremath{\approx}1.96\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{GeV}$, ${m}_{2++}\ensuremath{\approx}2.04\text{...

In this paper, we study the influence of an external magnetic field in holographic QCD models where backreaction is modeled via appropriate choice background metric. We add a phenomenological soft wall dilaton to incorporate better IR behavior (confinement). Elaborating on previous studies conducted by [K. A. Mamo, J. High Energy Phys. 05 (2015) 121.], first discuss Hawking-Page transition, dual deconfinement as function field. confirm that critical temperature can drop with Secondly, quark...

We study the influence of a background magnetic field on melting $J/\ensuremath{\psi}$ vector meson by introducing Born-Infeld modification soft-wall model. Out three polarizations massive meson, we find that longitudinal one (parallel to applied field) melts only at an even higher temperature than deconfinement temperature, whereas two transverse melt lower in absence field. also conduct preliminary investigation effect heavy quark diffusion coefficient, showing increased constant for...

We present a local setup for the recently introduced BRST-invariant formulation of Yang-Mills theories linear covariant gauges that takes into account existence gauge copies \`a la Gribov and Zwanziger. Through convenient use auxiliary fields, including one Stueckelberg type, it is shown both action associated nilpotent BRST operator can be put in form. Direct consequences this fully BRST-symmetric framework are drawn from its Ward identities: (i) an exact prediction longitudinal part gluon...

We consider the soft wall model for a heuristic holographical modelling of confining gauge theory and discuss how introduction (constant) magnetic field influences (de)confinement phase structure. use entanglement entropy as diagnostic tool in terms length an entangling strip geometry. Due to anisotropy introduced by field, we find that results depend on orientation relative field. This allows identify richer, anisotropic, interplay between confinement than possibly can be extracted from...

In earlier work, we introduced a dynamical Einstein--Maxwell--dilaton model which mimics essential features of QCD (thermodynamics) below and above deconfinement. Although there are some subtle differences in the confining regime our as compared to standard results, do have temperature dependent dual metric $T_c$ well, allowing for richer more realistic holographic modeling phase structure. We now discuss how these leave their imprints on associated entanglement entropy when strip region is...

We refine an earlier introduced 5-dimensional gravity solution capable of holographically capturing several qualitative aspects (lattice) QCD in a strong magnetic background such as the anisotropic behavior string tension, inverse catalysis at level deconfinement transition or sensitivity entanglement entropy to latter. Here, we consistently modify our considered Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton system not only overcome unphysical flattening large distances quark-antiquark potential plaguing work,...

The local composite operator A2 is analysed in pure Yang–Mills theory the Landau gauge within algebraic renormalization. It proven that anomalous dimension of not an independent parameter, being expressed as a linear combination β function and fields.

We aim to offer a kind of unifying view on two popular topics in the studies nonperturbative aspects Yang-Mills theories Landau gauge: so-called Gribov-Zwanziger approach and Kugo-Ojima confinement criterion. Borrowing results from statistical thermodynamics, we show that imposing criterion as boundary condition leads modified yet renormalizable partition function. verify resulting function is equivalent with one obtained by Gribov Zwanziger, which restricts domain integration path integral...

In previous works, we have constructed a refined version of the Gribov-Zwanziger action in 4 dimensions, by taking into account novel dynamical effect. this paper, explore 3-dimensional case. Analogously to obtain ghost propagator behaving like $1/{p}^{2}$ infrared, while gluon reaches finite nonvanishing value at zero momentum. Simultaneously, clear violation positivity is also found. This behavior propagators turns out be agreement with recent numerical simulations.

Restricting the functional integral to Gribov region $\ensuremath{\Omega}$ leads a deep modification of behavior Euclidean Yang-Mills theories in infrared region. For example, gluon propagator type, $\frac{{k}^{2}}{{k}^{4}+{\stackrel{^}{\ensuremath{\gamma}}}^{4}}$, can be viewed as propagating pair unphysical modes, called here $i$-particles, with complex masses $\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}i{\stackrel{^}{\ensuremath{\gamma}}}^{2}$. From this viewpoint, gluons are and one see them being...

Either by solving the ghost propagator Dyson-Schwinger equations or through a one-loop computation in refined Gribov-Zwanziger (RGZ) formalism, we show that nontrivial ghost-gluon vertex is required to obtain prediction compatible with available corresponding lattice data SU(3) case. For necessary gluon input, present RGZ tree-level fits which account well for data. Interestingly, this can be rewritten terms of running mass. A comparison both and results furthermore provided. We also briefly...

We discuss the entropy carried by a quark-antiquark pair, in particular across deconfinement transition. therefore rely on self-consistent solution to Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton gravity, capable of mimicking essential features QCD. In we introduce novel model that still captures well QCD confinement and phases, while allowing introduction temperature phase which resembles confined phase, this thanks it being dual small black hole. pay due attention some subtleties such model. confirm lattice...

In this paper, we discuss the gluon propagator in linear covariant gauges $D=2$, 3, 4 Euclidean dimensions. Nonperturbative effects are taken into account via so-called refined Gribov-Zwanziger framework. We point out that, as Landau and maximal Abelian gauges, for $D=3$, 4, displays a massive (decoupling) behavior, while scaling one emerges. All results discussed setup that respects Becchi-Rouet-Stora-Tyutin (BRST) symmetry, through recently introduced nonperturbative BRST transformation....

In order to construct a gauge invariant two-point function in Yang-Mills theory, we propose the use of all-order transverse configurations A^h. Such can be obtained through minimization functional A^2_{min} along orbit within BRST formulation Gribov-Zwanziger framework recently put forward [1,2] for class linear covariant gauges. This correlator turns out provide characterization non-perturbative aspects theory and parameter independent way. particular, it that poles <A^h A^h> are same as...

We consider the analytic continuation of Euclidean propagator data obtained from 4D simulations to Minkowski space. In order perform this continuation, common approach is first extract Källén-Lehmann spectral density field. Once known, it can be extended space yield propagator. However, obtaining a well known ill-posed numerical problem. To regularise problem we implement an appropriate version Tikhonov regularisation supplemented with Morozov discrepancy principle. will then apply various...