In this paper, wheat straw was converted into nitrogen-doped hierarchical porous carbon (N-HC) by direct pyrolysis of with CaCl2 as an activator and melamine a nitrogen resource. The as-prepared samples exhibit different structures contents in temperature range from 600 to 800 °C. Compared other samples, the N-HC-800 displays large amount micropores, uniform mesopores, high specific surface area (892 m2 g–1), moderate doping (5.63 wt %). Therefore, N-HC-800-based supercapacitor exhibits...

The electrochemical behavior of Nd(III) and its coreduction with Mg(II) were investigated on a molybdenum electrode at 1023 K in eutectic NaCl–KCl melts. results indicate that the reduction NdCl3 melts is one-step process three electrons exchanged, reaction an irreversible diffusion-controlled low scan rate calculated diffusion coefficient about 6.8 × 10–5 cm2 s–1. After MgCl2 introduced to melts, takes place more positive potential value due formation Mg–Nd intermetallic compounds through...

Abstract A novel method for preparation of ZrB 2 coatings has been proposed by combination molten salt synthesis nanoparticles and subsequent electrophoretic deposition the as‐synthesized in same system this paper. Nanoscale particles have produced borothermal reduction ZrO NaCl‐KCl‐AlF 3 melt at 980°C. Then achieved resulting suspension a reduced temperature 900°C, yielding relatively dense on graphite substrates with thickness around 25 μm. Moreover, effect different cell voltages ranging...

In this work, remelted high carbon ferromanganese was chosen as a consumable anode to produce porous monolith and low at the same time by molten salt electrolysis.

To enhance the corrosion resistance of molybdenum metal in molten zinc, this study successfully fabricated TiB2 coatings on substrates using salt electrophoretic deposition technique and investigated their zinc. Initially, nanoparticles with a size ranging from 50 to 150 nm were synthesized borothermal reduction method NaF-AlF3 salts at 1238 K. Subsequently, experiment was conducted by applying cell voltage 1.2 V (corresponding an electric field 0.6V/cm) for 1 h containing nanoparticles,...

Molten salt electrophoretic deposition is a novel method for preparing coatings of transition metal borides such as TiB2, which has emerged in recent years. To broaden the applications boride prepared by this method, paper investigates corrosion resistance TiB2 coatings, produced through molten deposition, to liquid zinc. By applying cell voltage 1.2 V (corresponding an electric field 0.6 V/cm) 1 h NaF-AlF3, nanoscale particles migrated cathode and were deposited on graphite substrate,...

To enhance the anticorrosion properties of molybdenum metal in liquid zinc, this study successfully fabricated TiB2 coatings on substrates via molten salt electrophoretic deposition technique and investigated their corrosion resistance zinc. Initially, nanoparticles with a size ranging from 50 to 150 nm were synthesized using borothermal reduction method NaF-AlF3 bath at 1238 K. Subsequently, experiment was conducted under cell voltage 1.2 V (i.e., 0.6 V/cm) for duration 1 h melt containing...

This paper presents a novel process for preparation of TiB2 coatings, which is combination synthesis nanoparticles by borothermal reduction TiO2 in molten NaCl–KCl–AlF3 system and subsequent electrophoretic deposition the as-synthesized same salts system. The under various cell voltages was carried out, resulted dense relatively flat coatings. effect applied on rate mechanical properties produced coatings has been presented. thickness increased with rise due to elevated migration...

Fabrication of transition metal diboride coatings via electrophoretic deposition in molten salts has been recently proposed, however, the influence process parameters on coating not yet studied extensively. In this paper, effects cell voltage as well time produced ZrB2 by nanoparticles NaCl–KCl–AlCl3 at 710 °C were investigated. The micromorphologies surface and cross-section characterized SEM. It was found that with increase from 1.3 V (i.e., electric field 0.87 V/cm) to 1.8 (1.2 V/cm),...

In this paper a novel method for fabrication of TiB2 coatings on graphite substrates by electrophoretic deposition nanoparticles in NaF-AlF3 melt at 980?C has been explored. With an applied cell voltage 1.2 V (i.e. electric field 0.6 V/cm), flat and dense coating with thickness around 50 ?m prepared. It was found that the surface consisted flakes nanoscale size. addition, average value hardness determined as 3585 ? 139 HV0.1 (36.6 1.4GPa) measured Vickers micro-hardness tester.

In this paper, electrodeposition of a molybdenum coating was conducted in Na3AlF6-NaF-Al2O3-MoO3 molten salts at 930 °C to investigate the availability preparation thick coatings. The effects current density and time on morphology produced were studied. With increase (10~70 mA·cm−2), thickness increased from 10 μm 30 μm, with all efficiency above 97%. Under mA/cm2, rise (10~60 min), three stages deposit growth observed, including formation large number fine crystals, transformation into...

Porous inert SnO 2 -based anodes rammed inside a mullite tube, for an initial study of their depolarization effect applying reducing gas, have been prepared. The were prepared by using commercial materials which crushed down and mixed with -CuO-Sb O 3 binder phase sintered at 1200-1300 &deg C in air. characterized electrical mechanical properties used as depolarizing H gas electrowinning Ag NaCl-CaCl melts 680 C. found suitable applications anodes. was confirmed reduction cell voltage...

Constant current electrolysis of molten CaCl2-NaCl (70-30 mol %) containing CaO and AgCl at 953 K was carried out with Pt gas anode a carbon cathode. A novel concept tested introducing an oxidizable gas, hydrogen, to depolarize the anode, resulting in potential, hence cell voltage, decreasing by 0.3 V when fed hydrogen.

The hardness and wear resistance of amorphous Al–Mn alloy coatings can be improved by incorporating ceramic particles into them to extend their application. In this paper, Al–Mn/WC composite have been prepared with electrodeposition in stirred AlCl3–NaCl–KCl–MnCl2 molten salts at 180 °C the addition WC particles. effects stirring speed (400–700 rpm) cathode current density (15–75 mA/cm2) on produced studied. At 600 rpm 700 rpm, exhibited best uniform distribution embedded particles, tested...

Abstract Molten inorganic salts containing solid nanoparticles with a stable and uniform dispersion have attracted great attention as efficient heat transfer storage materials1,2 for catalysis chemical reactions3-5. Electrophoretic deposition in molten nanoparticles, not been reported the literature, compared related wide investigations aqueous organic suspensions6,7. Here we report possibility of electrophoretic high-temperature salts. In fluorides chlorides, cell voltages 1.2-1.5 V below...

The electrodeposition of aluminium and magnesium in lithium chloride-sodium chloride (mass 5:1) melt at 700°C has been studied using cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry chronopotentiometry. reduction ions on tungsten electrode are both reversible processes, with three two electrons exchanged: Al3++3e → Al, Mg2++2e →Mg. diffusion coefficients Al3+ Mg2+ were determined as 2.72×10-5 cm2 s-1 1.58×10-4cm2 respectively. A laboratory test the direct production for Mg-Al alloy was performed...