A5003484610- Paleontology and Stratigraphy of Fossils
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Geochemistry and Elemental Analysis
- Geological and Geochemical Analysis
- Geological and Geophysical Studies
- Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis
- Geological formations and processes
- Paleontology and Evolutionary Biology
- Evolution and Paleontology Studies
- Methane Hydrates and Related Phenomena
- Marine Biology and Ecology Research
- Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping
- Geological Studies and Exploration
- Mercury impact and mitigation studies
- Isotope Analysis in Ecology
- Astro and Planetary Science
- Marine and environmental studies
- Plant Diversity and Evolution
- Pleistocene-Era Hominins and Archaeology
- Maritime and Coastal Archaeology
- Radioactive element chemistry and processing
- Minerals Flotation and Separation Techniques
- Environmental Philosophy and Ethics
- Metal Extraction and Bioleaching
- Microbial Community Ecology and Physiology
University of Leeds
2016-2025
University College London
2007
National Centre for Atmospheric Science
2006
University of Leicester
1988-1990
University of Birmingham
1987-1989
Data on rocks from Spitsbergen and the equatorial sections of Italy Slovenia indicate that world's oceans became anoxic at both low high paleolatitudes in Late Permian. Such conditions may have been responsible for mass extinction this time. This event affected a wide range shelf depths extended into shallow water well above storm wave base.
Too-Hot Times Climate warming has been invoked as a factor contributing to widespread extinction events, acting trigger or amplifier for more proximal causes, such marine anoxia. Sun et al. (p. 366 ; see the Perspective by Bottjer ) present evidence that exceptionally high temperatures themselves may have caused some extinctions during end-Permian. A rapid temperature rise coincided with general absence of ichthyofauna in equatorial regions, well an many species mammals and calcareous algae,...
This is a systematic review of the major mass extinctions in history life. It covers all groups organisms - plant, animal, terrestrial, and marine that have become extinct alongside geological sedimentological evidence for environmental changes during biotic crises. All proposed extinction mechanisms climate change, meteorite impact, volcanisms are critically assessed. In this text demise dinosaurs put into proper context other events. book intended undergraduates Europe graduate students...
Research Article| July 01, 2010 Pyrite framboid study of marine Permian–Triassic boundary sections: A complex anoxic event and its relationship to contemporaneous mass extinction David P.G. Bond; Bond School Earth Environment, University Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Paul B. Wignall Author Article Information †E-mail: d.bond@see.leeds.ac.uk Publisher: Geological Society America Received: 26 Feb 2009 Revision 22 May Accepted: 25 First...
The 260-million-year-old Emeishan volcanic province of southwest China overlies and is interbedded with Middle Permian carbonates that contain a record the Guadalupian mass extinction. Sections in region thus provide an opportunity to directly monitor relative timing extinction volcanism within same locations. These show onset was marked by both large phreatomagmatic eruptions extinctions amongst fusulinacean foraminifers calcareous algae. temporal coincidence these two phenomena supports...
The Permian-Triassic mass extinction was the most severe biotic crisis in past 500 million years. Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain crisis, but few account for spectrum of selectivity and subsequent recovery. Here we show that selective losses are best accounted by a combination lethally warm, shallow waters anoxic deep acted severely restrict habitable area narrow mid-water refuge zone. relative tolerance groups this double whammy provides first clear explanation during...
Strata of Permian – Early Triassic age that include a record three major extinction events (Capitanian Crisis, Latest Extinction and the Smithian/Spathian Extinction) were examined at Festningen section, Spitsbergen. Over c. 12 Ma examined, mercury in sediments shows relatively constant background values 0.005–0.010 μg g–1. However, there are notable spikes Hg concentration over an order magnitude above associated with extinctions. The Hg/total organic carbon (TOC) ratio similar large...
Research Article| April 01, 2001 Rapid and synchronous collapse of marine terrestrial ecosystems during the end-Permian biotic crisis Richard J. Twitchett; Twitchett 1Department Earth Sciences, University Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0740, USA Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Cindy V. Looy; Looy 2Laboratory Palaeobotany Palynology, Utrecht, 3584 CD Netherlands Ric Morante; Morante 3CSIRO Institute Minerals, Energy Construction, PO Box 136,...
Research Article| December 01, 2007 Changes in the global carbon cycle occurred as two episodes during Permian–Triassic crisis Shucheng Xie; Xie 1Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology Ministry Education, State Key Geological Processes Mineral Resources, China University Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, People's Republic Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Richard D. Pancost; Pancost 2Bristol Biogeochemistry Center, School Chemistry, Bristol, Cantock's...
The early Jurassic marine mass extinction is one of several crises thought to coincide with anoxia, transgression and warming caused by catastrophic release gas hydrates. However, high-resolution study expanded sections in Yorkshire, England, reveal that only the first these factors truly coincidental extinction. well known large, negative carbon isotope perturbation, attributed massive methane from hydrates, occur after events. anoxic event developed diachronously European area, anoxia...
Research Article| December 01, 2005 Catastrophic soil erosion during the end-Permian biotic crisis Mark A. Sephton; Sephton 1Impacts and Astromaterials Centre, Department of Earth Science Engineering, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Cindy V. Looy; Looy 2Smithsonian Institution, P.O. Box 37012, National Museum Natural History, Paleobiology, MRC-121, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012, USA Henk...
The intensity and extent of anoxia during the two Kellwasser anoxic events has been investigated in a range European localities using multidisciplinary approach (pyrite framboid assay, gamma-ray spectrometry sediment fabric analysis). results reveal that development Lower Horizon early Late rhenana Zone (Frasnian Stage) German type sections does not always coincide with elsewhere Europe and, some locations, seafloor oxygenation improves this interval. Thus, event is universally developed. In...