"Spintronics," in which both the spin and charge of electrons are used for logic memory operations, promises an alternate route to traditional semiconductor electronics. A complete architecture can be constructed, uses planar magnetic wires that less than a micrometer width. Logical NOT, logical AND, signal fan-out, cross-over elements each have simple geometric design, they integrated together into one circuit. An additional element data input allows information written domain-wall circuits.

Control of the motion domain walls in magnetic nanowires is at heart various recently proposed three-dimensional (3D) memory devices. However, fabricating 3D nanostructures extremely complicated using standard lithography techniques. Here we show that highly pure with aspect-ratios ~100 can be grown focused electron-beam-induced-deposition. By combining micromanipulation, Kerr magnetometry and force microscopy, determine magnetisation reversal wires occurs via nucleation propagation walls....

The potential experienced by transverse domain walls (TDWs) in the vicinity of asymmetric constrictions or protrusions thin Permalloy nanowires is probed using spatially resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements. Both types traps are found to act as pinning centers for DWs. strength depend on trap type well chirality incoming DW; both seen either wells barriers, also depending DW. Micromagnetic simulations have been performed that good qualitative agreement with experimental results.

The magnetostatic interaction between two oppositely charged transverse domain walls (TDWs) in adjacent Permalloy nanowires is experimentally demonstrated. dependence of the pinning strength on wire separation investigated for distances 13 and 125 nm. results can be described fully by considering distribution magnetic charge within rigid, isolated TDWs. Alternative DW internal structure cannot reproduce this observed dependence. Modeling suggests TDW not appreciably disturbed, remains rigid...

Domain wall (DW) pinning in ferromagnetic nanowires is general a complex process. Distortions of the DW shape make quantitative agreement between modeling and experiment difficult. Here we demonstrate using nanometer scale localized stray fields. This type interaction gives well-characterized, tailorable potential landscapes that do not appreciably distort DW. Our experimental results are excellent with an Arrhenius-Néel model depinning--a result only possible when modeled profile agrees...

We demonstrate the effectiveness of out-of-plane magnetized magnetic microdiscs for cancer treatment through mechanical cell disruption under an applied rotating field. The particles are synthetic antiferromagnets formed from a repeated motif ultrathin CoFeB/Pt layers. In-vitro studies on glioma cells used to compare efficiency with Py vortex microdiscs. It is found that able damage 62 ± 3% compared 12 2% after applying 10 kOe field one minute. torques by each type particle measured and...

Interfaces between heavy metals (HMs) and antiferromagnetic insulators (AFIs) have recently become highly investigated debated systems in the effort to create spintronic devices able function at terahertz frequencies. Such heterostructures great technological potential because AFIs can generate sub-picosecond spin currents which HMs convert into charge signals. In this work we demonstrate an optically induced picosecond transfer interface Pt using time-resolved THz emission spectroscopy. We...

The domain wall nucleation and propagation fields in cobalt nanowires grown by focused electron beam induced deposition are measured using spatially resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect. study was systematically done for wire widths from 600 to 150 nm, finding significant differences the value of both wires, indicating high quality conduit behavior. extreme simplicity flexibility this technique with respect multistep lithographic processes used nowadays opens a different route create...

We systematically study individual micro- and nanometric polycrystalline cobalt wires grown by focused-electron-beam-induced-deposition. The deposits were in a range of aspect ratios varying from 1 up to 26. minimum lateral dimension the nanowires was 150 nm, for thickness 40 nm. Atomic force microscopy images show beam-current-dependent profiles, associated with different regimes deposition. magnetization reversal is studied means spatially resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect. Abrupt...

The motion of transverse domain walls (DWs) in thin Permalloy nanowires has been studied by locally detecting the chirality moving DW, using a cross-shaped trap acting as filter. We find that structural changes DW occur over characteristic minimum distance: "DW fidelity length." measured field dependence length is good qualitative agreement with 1D analytical model and published results numerical simulations experiments. also demonstrate extension to meter scales series filters.

The interaction mechanism between transverse domain walls (TDWs) in Permalloy nanowires and artificially patterned traps is studied using high-sensitivity spatially resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect measurements numerical simulations. T-shaped trap geometries are considered, where a DW traveling the horizontal arm pinned by vertical arm. Pinning strengths as well potential energy modifications created measured, roles of different characteristic parameters, such core orientation magnetic...

The pinning of a magnetic domain wall in curved Permalloy (NiFe) nanostrip is experimentally studied. We examine the dependence on both radius curvature bend and chirality transverse wall. find that bends act as potential wells or barriers depending wall; field cases increases with decreasing curvature. Micromagnetic simulations are consistent experimental results show exchange demagnetizing energies play an important role.

We experimentally study the tunability of Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interlayer exchange coupling (IEC) in Pt/CoFeB/Pt/Ru/Pt/CoFeB/Pt stacks with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). The magnetization a single Pt/Co60Fe20B20/Pt (at. %) shows full remanence and square hysteresis loops for CoFeB thickness range 0.60–1.0 nm. By inserting Pt layer between Ru CoFeB, PMA ultrathin layers is stabilized IEC can be tuned. In particular, we show that versus exhibits simple exponential...

Magnetic micro and nanoparticles are increasingly used in biotechnological applications due to the ability control their behavior through an externally applied field. We demonstrate fabrication of particles made from ultrathin perpendicularly magnetized CoFeB/Pt layers with antiferromagnetic interlayer coupling. The characterized by zero moment at remanence, low susceptibility fields, a large saturated created stacking basic coupled bilayer motif. transfer magnetic properties thin films...

We report on the controlled pinning and depinning of head-to-head domain walls with individual artificial nanotraps in rounded L-shaped Ni81Fe19 wires. Domain were nucleated injected into one arm an planar wire structure a width 200 nm thickness 5 nm. The propagated through corner orthogonal output by 27 Hz anticlockwise rotating field. A highly sensitive magneto-optical Kerr magnetometer system was used to detect magnetization reversals around single wedge shaped different samples. wall...

For five different Heisenberg spin glass systems, torque experiments were performed in applied magnetic fields up to 4 T. The Dzyaloshinski-Moriya random anisotropy strengths, the in-field onset temperatures, and relaxation measured. Critical exponents estimated independently using a standard protocol. data are strong evidence for true ordered state which survives under high fields; they can be interpreted consistently terms of chiral ordering model with replica symmetry breaking as proposed...

Liquid phase separation using aqueous biphasic systems (ABS) is widely used in industrial processes for the extraction, and purification of macromolecules. Using water as single solvent, a wide variety solutes have been to induce including polymers, ionic liquids or salts. For each system, polymer-polymer, polymer-ionic liquid, polymer-salt salt-salt, different driving forces were proposed separation. Specifically, systems, difference solvation structure between polymer-rich salt-rich was...

We experimentally demonstrate a shift register based on an open-ended chain of ferromagnetic NOT gates which can support bidirectional data flow. Up to eight bits are electrically input the device, stored for extended periods without power, and then output either in first out or last scheme. Comparing traditional transistor-based logic, this bidirectionality offers range devices that reversible not limited only one mode operation.

In domain wall (DW) excitation experiments, nonlinearity (NL) intrinsic to the DW dynamics is often hard distinguish from perturbation due confining potential or distortion. Here we numerically investigate dynamic oscillations of magnetostatically coupled DWs: a system well understood in quasistatic limit. NL observed, even for harmonic potential, motion. This behavior principally dependent on terms normally associated with canonical momentum and contrast restoring potential. not observable...

Torque, torque relaxation, and magnetization measurements on a $\mathrm{Au}\mathrm{Fe}$ spin glass sample are reported. The experiments carried out up to $7\mathrm{T}$ show transverse irreversibility line in the $(H,T)$ plane high applied fields, distinct strong longitudinal at lower fields. data demonstrate that for this type of sample, Heisenberg with moderately anisotropy, spin-glass-ordered state survives under fields contrast predictions certain ``droplet''-type scaling models. overall...