Background: Liver ultrasound segmentation is challenging due to low image quality and variability. While deep learning (DL) models have been widely applied for medical segmentation, generic pre-configured may not meet the specific requirements targeted areas in liver ultrasound. Quantitative (QUS) emerging as a promising tool fat measurement; however, accurately segmenting regions of interest within images remains challenge. Methods: We introduce generalizable framework using an adaptive...

Introduction: The objective of the present study was to introduce a novel method assessing anal canal opening in healthy volunteers (HV) using EndoFLIP ™ system. By analyzing dynamic loops during push maneuver, aimed identify most reliable markers function this maneuver. Methods: Forty HV women were recruited and underwent assessments with system, both at rest Cross-sectional area (CSA)-pressure constructed for each distension volumes 40 mL 50 mL. Key parameters (pressure CSA) derived from...

This study aimed at investigating the effect of myocardial motion on pulsating blood flow distribution left anterior descending coronary artery in presence atheromatous stenosis. The moving 3D arterial tree geometry has been obtained from conventional x-ray angiograms during heart cycle and includes a number major branches. reconstruction model validated against projection data virtual phantom as well with CT-based for same patient investigated. Reconstructions have temporal points while...

The smooth muscles of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) and skeletal crural diaphragm (CD) provide a closure/antireflux barrier mechanism at esophago-gastric junction (EGJ). A number questions in regard to pressure profile LES CD remain unclear, e.g., 1) Why is circumferentially asymmetric, 2) Is contraction also 3) Where located anatomy esophagus stomach? three-dimensional (3-D) high-resolution manometry (HRM) catheter can record detailed EGJ pressure; however, it does not allow...

Abstract Studies to date have failed reveal the anatomical counterpart of lower esophageal sphincter (LES). We assessed LES and hiatus morphology using a block containing human crural diaphragm, serially sectioned at 50 μm intervals imaged 8.2 μm/pixel resolution. A 3D reconstruction tissue was reconstructed in which each 652 cross sectional images were also segmented identify boundaries longitudinal (LM) circular muscle (CM) layers. The CM fascicles on ventral surface are arranged...

Electrocardiogram (ECG) segmentation is necessary to help reduce the time consuming task of manually annotating ECG's. Several algorithms have been developed segment ECG automatically. We first review several such methods, and then present a new single lead method based on Adaptive piecewise constant approximation (APCA) Piecewise derivative dynamic warping (PDDTW). The results are tested QT database. compared our Laguna's two method. Our proposed approach has comparable mean error, but...

Abstract Objective : To develop and implement a method for three‐dimensional (3D) reconstruction of coronary arteries from conventional monoplane angiograms. Background 3D angiograms is promising imaging modality both diagnostic interventional purposes. Methods Our combines image enhancement, automatic edge detection, an iterative to reconstruct the centerline artery diameter vessel by taking into consideration foreshortening effects. The X‐Ray‐based trees were compared against phantom data...

Multichannel intraluminal impedance (MII) is currently used to monitor gastroesophageal reflux and esophageal bolus clearance. We describe a novel methodology measure maximal luminal cross-sectional area (CSA) during transport from MII measurements.Studies were conducted in-vitro (test tubes) in-vivo (healthy subjects). Concurrent MII, high resolution manometry, ultrasound (US) images recorded 7-cm above the lower sphincter. Swallows with two concentrations of saline, 0.1 0.5 N, volumes 5,...

Despite the importance of pelvic floor muscles, significant controversy still exists about true structural details these muscles. We provide an objective analysis architecture and orientation superficial muscles perineum using a novel approach. Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Images (MR-DTI) were acquired in 10 healthy asymptomatic nulliparous women, 4 males. Global tractography was then used to generate Micro-CT imaging male cadaver performed for validation fiber tracking results....

The esophageal hiatus is formed by the right crus of diaphragm in majority subjects. Contraction exerts a sphincter-like action on lower sphincter (LES). aim to study hiatal anatomy (using CT scan imaging) and function high-resolution manometry [HRM]), motor patients with sliding paraesophageal hernia.We assessed normal subjects (n = 20), type 1 hernia 18), 2 19), mixed 3 19). Hernia diagnosis was confirmed upper gastrointestinal series. morphology constructed from images. LES pressure...

Each swallow induces a wave of inhibition followed by contraction in the esophagus. Unlike contraction, which can easily be measured humans using high-resolution manometry (HRM), is difficult to measure. Luminal distension surrogate esophageal inhibition. The aim this study was determine effect posture on temporal and quantitative relationship between along entire length esophagus normal healthy subjects concurrent HRM, HRM impedance (HRMZ), intraluminal ultrasound (US). Studies were...

Abstract Introduction The current “gold standard” to diagnose anal sphincter morphology and disruptions utilizes low‐frequency (3‐9 MHz) ultrasound (US) imaging techniques that provide a general outline of the muscles, but not their microstructural details. High‐frequency US transducers (7‐15 have been used study muscle architecture (direction fascicles) in limb muscle. Aims goal our was visualize anatomy sphincters, specifically external (EAS), using high‐frequency imaging. Methods Studies...

Endoscopic intrasphincteric injection of Botox (ISIB) is used routinely for the treatment achalasia esophagus and other spastic motor disorders. Studies show that ISIB reduces smooth muscle lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressure. The hiatus, formed by right crus diaphragm, surrounds cranial half LES works like an external LES. We studied effects on hiatal contraction gastroesophageal reflux (GER). Fourteen patients treated with were studied. Esophageal manometry-impedance recordings...

Our prior study reveals that the distension-contraction profiles using high-resolution manometry impedance recordings can distinguish patients with dysphagia symptom but normal esophageal function testing ("functional dysphagia") from control subjects. The aim of this was to determine diagnostic value recording protocol used in our studies (10-mL swallows subjects Trendelenburg position) against standard clinical (5-mL supine position). We advanced machine learning techniques and robust...

Abstract Background How much anal sphincter dysfunction contributes to fecal incontinence (FI) is not clear. High‐definition anorectal manometry (HDAM) and functional luminal imaging probe (Endoflip) are two new techniques study function. Aims The goal was compare the diagnostic utility of HDAM Endoflip using optimal feature(s) in each modality for FI diagnosis. Methods: Blinded classification carried out on 70 female subjects (32 & 38 controls), 3 prominent machine‐learning clustering...

Cardiac loops have been used extensively to study myocardial function. With changes in cardiac pump function, are shifted the right or left. Functional luminal imaging probe (FLIP) recordings allow for loop analysis of anal sphincter and puborectalis muscle (PRM) The goal was characterize area-pressure/tension fecal incontinence (FI) patients. Fourteen healthy subjects 14 patients with FI were studied. A custom-designed FLIP placed vagina then canal, deflated 20-ml steps, from 90 30 ml. At...

The functional luminal imaging probe (FLIP) has been used to measure the distensibility of anal canal. We hypothesized that with increasing distension canal FLIP there will be an increase in length sphincter muscle allowing measurement length-tension function and puborectalis muscles (PRM). studied 14 healthy nulliparous women. A custom-designed bag (30-mm diameter) was placed vagina then canal, distended 10-ml steps volumes ranging from 30 90 ml. At each volume, subject performed maximal...

High-resolution esophageal manometry (HRM) in its current form assesses only the contraction phase of peristalsis. Degree distension ahead is a surrogate relaxation and can be measured from intraluminal impedance measurements. The characteristics contractions, i.e., their amplitude, duration, velocity, modulating factors, have been well studied. We studied effect bolus volume viscosity posture on swallow-induced temporal relationship between two. HRM recordings 50 healthy subjects with no...