Calfhood diseases have a major impact on the economic viability of cattle operations. This is first in three part review series calf health from birth to weaning, focusing preventive measures. The considers both pre- and periparturient management factors influencing health, colostrum beef dairy calves further nutrition weaning calves.

Calfhood diseases have a major impact on the economic viability of cattle operations. The second this three part review series considers management diarrhoeic in pre-weaned calves. In neonatal calf diarrhoea, oral rehydration therapy is single most important therapeutic measure to be carried out by farmer and usually successful if instigated immediately after diarrhoea has developed. Continued feeding milk or replacer calves important, prevent malnourishment weight loss affected...

Profound acidemia impairs cellular and organ function consequently should be associated with an increased risk of mortality in critically ill humans animals. Neonatal diarrhea calves can result potentially serious metabolic derangements including profound due to strong ion (metabolic) acidosis, hyper-D-lactatemia, hyper-L-lactatemia, azotemia, hypoglycemia, hyperkalemia hyponatremia. The aim this retrospective study was assess the prognostic relevance clinical laboratory findings 1,400...

Calfhood diseases have a major impact on the economic viability of cattle operations. A three part review series has been developed focusing calf health from birth to weaning. In this paper, last series, we disease prevention and management with particular reference pneumonia, primarily pre-weaned calf. Pneumonia in recently weaned suckler calves is also considered, where key risk factors are related time Weaning often combined additional stressors including change nutrition, environmental...

The effects of lameness on fertility have been documented frequently but few data are available from seasonally breeding, pasture-based herds (such as those used in Ireland) where cows housed during the winter months managed at pasture for remainder year. This study determined prevalence a group 786 10 Irish dairy before, and after breeding season assessed relationship between reproductive performance these through serial locomotion scoring grazing period. Lameness prevalences 11.6 % 14.6...

Failure of passive transfer maternal immunity via colostrum can occur in the bovine, and a number blood tests have been developed to test calves for this failure. It is not clear which most suitable purpose. The objective was examine commonly used failure decide routine laboratory use. 126 serum samples were taken from dairy cows after birth but prior feeding, at 48 h age. Five different compared against radial immunodiffusion considered appropriate reference method. These...

In order to test the hypothesis that ruminal drinking in calves can lead D-lactic metabolic acidosis, acidosis was induced nine by intraruminal application of untreated whole milk via a stomach tube. The amount daily force-fed liquid 3 x 1 l. experimental design called for an end applications if two or more following signs were observed: severe depression, estimated degree dehydration >10%, absence sucking reflex, lack appetite consecutive feedings, with calculated Actual Base Excess (ABE)...

Three hundred bucket-fed diarrhoeic calves up to the age of 21 days were used investigate degree in which D-lactic acid contributes metabolic acidosis with naturally acquired neonatal diarrhoea. Fifty-five percent all had serum D-lactate concentrations higher than 3 mmol/l. Mean (+/-SD) values 5.7 mmol/l (+/-5.3, median: 4.1 mmol/l). distributed over entire range detected from 0 17.8 base excess -10 -25 Serum concentration was patients ruminal (6.6 +/- 5.2 mmol/l; 5.9 mmol/l) those...

Background Clinical assessment of metabolic acidosis in calves with neonatal diarrhea can be difficult because increased blood concentrations d ‐lactate and not acidemia per se are responsible for most the clinical signs exhibited by these animals. Objectives To describe correlation between laboratory findings concentrations. Furthermore, theoretical outcome a simplified treatment protocol based on posture/ability to stand degree dehydration was evaluated. Animals A total 121 diagnosis...

Acid-base abnormalities in neonatal diarrheic calves can be assessed by using the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation or simplified strong ion approach which use anion gap (AG) (SIG) to quantify concentration of unmeasured anions such as D-lactate.To determine and compare clinical utility AG SIG quantifying charge calves, examine associations between biochemical findings acid-base variables approach. We hypothesized that provides a more accurate prediction than AG.Eight hundred six admitted...

Five clinically healthy calves received an intravenous injection of 25 g sodium D-lactate (223 mmol) in 100 ml sterile water and five control were given the same volume 0.9 per cent chloride. Two clinical examiners who blinded to status (test or control) observed that between eight 40 minutes after injections had sodium-D-lactate could be distinguished with certainty from on basis their signs, for example, impaired palpebral reflex, somnolence a staggering gait. One-compartment...

The aim of the present prospective study was to investigate whether a decision tree based on basic clinical signs could be used determine treatment metabolic acidosis in calves successfully without expensive laboratory equipment. A total 121 with diagnosis neonatal diarrhea admitted veterinary teaching hospital were included study. dosages sodium bicarbonate administered followed simple guidelines results previous retrospective analysis. Calves that neither dehydrated nor assumed acidemic...