Abstract The use of indigestible markers continues to be among the best tools available for estimating dry matter intake (DMI) in situations where individual animal feeding cannot feasibly measured. constant handling required dosing and subsequent fecal sample collection are often limiting, especially when grazing or facilities not accessible. Identifying strategies more efficient labor while sacrificing accuracy DMI estimates important further application these techniques. objectives this...

Southern crabgrass (Digitaria ciliaris [Retz.] Koel.) is often viewed as an undesirable weed, largely because it encroaches upon field and forage crops, gardens, lawns. However, visual observations of livestock grazing mixed-species pastures suggest that cattle seem to prefer many other summer forages. The objectives this study were assess the nutritive value sampled weekly between July 11, August 22, 2001, then determine ruminal in situ disappearance kinetics DM NDF for these A secondary...

In Arkansas, maximizing fall forage production from cereal grains is important for optimizing growth of fall‐weaned calves ( Bos taurus ). Our objectives were to evaluate eight cultivars wheat Triticum aestivum L.), oat Avena sativa rye Secale cereale and triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack) their potential accumulate dry matter (DM). At Fayetteville during 2004, accumulated DM in a cubic P ≤ 0.01) pattern over time, most likely because growing tillers exhibited stem elongation, then...

Baled silage has become a popular form of forage conservation; however, many practical management questions have not been investigated thoroughly. Our objectives were to evaluate the number polyethylene wrapping layers and presence (OB) or absence (SUN) an O2-limiting barrier within wrap on storage characteristics, nutritive value, fermentation characteristics alfalfa–mixed grass round-bale silages. Thirty-six 1.2 × 1.2-m large, round bales mixed sward composed predominantly alfalfa...

Southern crabgrass (Digitaria ciliaris [Retz.] Koel.) is often an undesirable species in field and forage crops, but visual observations suggest that livestock prefer it to many other summer forages. The objectives of this study were assess the nutritive value sampled weekly between July 11 August 22, 2001 then determine ruminal situ disappearance kinetics N neutral detergent insoluble (NDIN) for these A secondary objective was compare kinetic estimates with those alfalfa (Medicago sativa...

‘Common’ and ‘Tifton 44’ bermudagrass [ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] located near Fayetteville Batesville, AR, respectively, were chosen to evaluate the effects of stockpiling initiation date (August or September), N fertilization rate (0, 37, 74, 111 kg ha −1 ) on nutritive value fall‐stockpiled bermudagrass. At location, there × harvest interactions for acid detergent fiber (ADF, P = 0.003), hemicellulose ( cellulose 0.0003), lignin 0.007), crude protein (CP, 0.008) in 2000, strong ≤...

The objective of this study was to determine growth, feed intake, and efficiency postbred dairy heifers with different genomic residual intake (RFI) predicted as a lactating cow when offered diets differing in energy density. Postbred Holstein (n = 128, ages 14–20 mo) were blocked by initial weight (high, medium-high, medium-low, low) 32 per block. Each block sorted RFI (high or obtain 2 pens high low genomically within each (8 pen). Low expected have greater than heifers. Dietary treatments...

A key aspect of managing baled silages is to quickly achieve and then rigorously maintain anaerobic conditions within the silage mass. The concept inserting an O2-limiting barrier (OB) into plastic commercial wraps has been evaluated previously, yielding mixed or inconclusive results. Our objective for this study was maximize challenge a polyethylene bale wrap, identical wrap containing OB, by using minimal (4 layers), extending storage periods as long 357 d. Forty-eight 1.2 × 1.2-m...

Two case studies were conducted on producer farms in northwest Arkansas to assess degradable intake protein (DIP) and undegradable (UIP) forages grown throughout the region. In Case Study 1, DIP was greater (P<0.05) by 11.7 4.7 percentage units of CP DM, respectively, for cool-season pastures compared with dominated warm-season grasses. For both photosynthetic types, NDF exhibited a strong negative correlation (r ≤ -0.61; P≤0.006) DIP. Generally, vitro OM disappearance (IVOMD) strongly...

Throughout the southern Ozark Highlands, endophyte‐infected tall fescue [ Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) Darbysh] hay often is stored outdoors, without cover. At two research sites (Fayetteville and Batesville, AR), effects of unprotected storage were assessed for large round bales packaged at three diameters (≈1.1, 1.4, 1.7 m). Bales over winter either inside or outside on wooden pallets then sampled depths (0–0.15 m, 0.15–0.31 0.31–0.46 both locations, bale diameter had no effect ( p &gt;...

This study investigated the effects of simulated rainfall on N partitioning and concentrations degradable (DIP) or undegradable (UIP) intake protein for wilting orchardgrass ( Dactylis glomerata L.) bermudagrass [ Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.] hays. Orchardgrass forage was wilted to 674, 153, 41 g kg −1 moisture (WET‐O, IDEAL‐O, DRY‐O, respectively) in field before applying (0, 13, 25, 38, 51, 64, 76 mm). For WET‐O, DIP (g crude [CP]) increased cubically P = 0.020) with rainfall, but overall...

Negative effects on cattle grazing tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumort.] infected with the wild-type endophyte Neotyphodium coenophialum (E+) are well documented, but information about carryover weaned calves is limited. Our objective was to compare pre- and postweaning performance by spring-calving cows E+ that a nontoxic endophyte–tall association (NE+). Pregnant Gelbvieh × Angus crossbred (n = 136; 492 ± 19.2 kg of initial BW) were stratified BW age allocated randomly...

The effect of heating and level yeast inoculation on fermentation sweet sorghum juice through the harvest season were investigated. Juice was heated at three temperatures levels used for each treatment. Fermentation unheated resulted in mean sugar to alcohol conversion efficiencies only 17.9% 41.1%. On other hand, greater than 90% observed when 60C inoculated with 0.25 g L~^ (grams yeast/liter substrate) 85C yeast-to-substrate concentrations 0.15 There no evidence massive bacterial...