Bangladesh is a malaria hypo-endemic country sharing borders with India and Myanmar. Artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) remains successful in Bangladesh. An increase of artemisinin-resistant parasites on the Thai-Cambodia Thai-Myanmar worrisome. K13 propeller gene (PF3D7_1343700 or PF13_0238) mutations have been linked to both vitro artemisinin resistance vivo slow parasite clearance rates. This group undertook evaluate if seen Cambodia emerged where ACT use now standard for decade....

Malaria is a major public health problem in sub-Saharan African countries including Ethiopia. Early and accurate diagnosis followed by prompt effective treatment among the various tools available for prevention, control elimination of malaria. This study aimed to evaluate performance non-instrumented nucleic acid amplification loop-mediated isothermal (NINA-LAMP) compared standard thick thin film microscopy nested PCR as gold sensitive malaria Northwest Ethiopia.A cross-sectional was...

Artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) is the first line to treat uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria worldwide. treatment failures are on rise in southeast Asia. Delayed parasite clearance after ACT associated with mutations of P. kelch 13 gene. Patients ( N = 148) five districts northwest Ethiopia were enrolled a 28-day trial. We identified unique mutation (R622I) 3/125 (2.4%) samples. The three isolates R622I from Negade-Bahir and Aykel close Ethiopia–Sudan border. One patients...

The emergence of artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum strains poses a serious challenge to the control malaria. This necessitates development new anti-malarial drugs. Previous studies have shown that natural beta-carboline alkaloid harmine is promising agent targeting P. heat-shock protein 90 (PfHsp90). aim this study was test activity analogues. Forty-two analogues were synthesized and binding these heat shock investigated. in vitro two analogues, 17A 21A, evaluated using 72-h growth...

Background . Schistosomiasis is among the most widespread chronic infections in world. The magnitude of infection may show variations across different areas with respect to time. Praziquantel a first line drug choice for treatment schistosomiasis although its low cure rate has been reported parts Thus, an assessment diseases, efficacy currently available drugs, and reinfection rates crucial. Objective Our principal objective determine prevalence Schistosoma mansoni evaluate PZQ against...

Malaria is one of the leading causes death worldwide. This study aimed to determine trend malaria among febrile patients seeking treatment over 17 year (1997-2013) at Adi Arkay, Northwest Ethiopia.A 17-year microscopy data were extracted retrospectively Arkay health centre. Time series and curve estimation analysis used evaluate trends in data. Pearson's Chi square test was also describe associations variables.Over years, 20,483 blood films requested for diagnosis Out this, 7428 (36.1%)...

Air pollution is recognized as the most important environmental factor that adversely affects human and societal wellbeing. Due to rapid urbanization, air levels are increasing in Sub-Saharan region, but there a shortage of monitoring. Hence, exposure data use base for modelling health effect assessments also lacking. In this study, low-cost sensors were used assess PM2.5 (particulate matter) city Adama, Ethiopia. The measurements conducted during two separate 1-week periods. develop...

Cutaneous leishmaniasis is one of the most neglected tropical diseases increasing in its public health importance. In Ethiopia over 28 million people are living at risk infection.Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted Borumeda Hospital from February to May 2019. A total 205 suspected patients were included by systematic random sampling technique. Socio demographic characteristics collected using pre-tested questionnaires. Parasitological investigation done skin slit sample...

Abstract Background Transmission of soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infection remains high in Ethiopia. This study aimed at assessing the therapeutic efficacy mebendazole against helminths and determining re-infection rates parasites among schoolchildren Northwest Methods A school-based cross-sectional was conducted. Data collected using a structured questionnaire. Stool specimens were examined direct wet mount microscopy Kato-Katz methods. Schoolchildren who tested positive for treated with...

Abstract Background Genetic diversity in Plasmodium falciparum poses a major threat to malaria control and elimination interventions. Characterization of the genetic P. strains can be used assess intensity parasite transmission identify potential deficiencies programmes, which provides vital information evaluating efforts. This study investigated genotype multiplicity infection isolates from cases with uncomplicated Southwest Ethiopia. Methods A total 80 microscopy qPCR positive blood...

Background To date, no universally effective and safe vaccine has been developed for general human use. Leishmania donovani Peroxidoxin-1 (LdPxn-1) is a member of the antioxidant family proteins predominantly expressed in amastigote stage parasite. The aim this study was to evaluate immunogenicity protective efficacy LdPxn-1 BALB/c mice heterologous DNA-Protein immunization regimen presence fusion murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (mGMCSF) DNA adjuvant. Methodology...

Infectious diarrhea is a common problem in the developing world, especially among people living with HIV/AIDS. Traditional diagnostic methods such as stool culture and microscopic examination are limited by resources poor sensitivity. The use of molecular diagnostics for enteropathogen detection this region sub-Saharan Africa has not been fully explored. We sought to identify risk factors characterize enteropathogens from diarrheic stools HIV-positive patients Gondar, Ethiopia using...

Globally, soil-transmitted helminths affect beyond a billion people and cause 1.9 million disability-adjusted life years worldwide. It affects children disproportionately due to their unaware activities like walking barefoot, playing with dirty objects that might be contaminated feces. The control of principally relies on periodic deworming using either single dose albendazole/mebendazole. To assure the effectiveness this measure, performing continuous parasitological survey is necessary....

Introduction: Intestinal parasites have an insidious impact on human health. In response to high parasite frequencies in Northwest Ethiopia, mass drug administration (MDA) is provided for school children using albendazole/mebendazole (since 2007) and praziquantel 2015). The study objective was assess trends seasonal patterns of intestinal infections a context MDA.
 Methodology: This descriptive collecting routine data from laboratory registers two health centres Denbia district, Amhara...

Abstract According to the WHO, almost two thirds of Ethiopian population are at risk contracting malaria, where infection with Plasmodium falciparum accounts for approximately 60% cases today. The artemisinin resistance spreading from SE Asia Africa is a major concern. We conducted 28-day in vivo efficacy trial Artemether-Lumefantrine (Co-Artem) treatment uncomplicated malaria (n = 97) Gondar Region, North West Ethiopia 2017–2018. Our results confirmed 100% adequate clinical and...

We assessed the immune response against recombinant proteins of two related, albeit functionally different, peroxidoxins from Leishmania donovani : peroxidoxin 1 (LdPxn1) and 2 (LdPxn2) in BALB/c mice. also evaluated effect coadministration TLR agonists (CpG ODN GLA-SE) on antigen-specific response. Immunization with LdPxn1 alone induced a predominantly Th2 type that is associated production high level IgG1 no IgG2a isotype while rLdPxn2 resulted mixed Th1/Th2 characterized by addition to...

Background . Visceral leishmaniasis (VL, also called kala-azar) is a public health problem in Ethiopia, especially sesame and sorghum growing areas. Compared to other populations, labor migrants are the most exposed. Knowing seroprevalence of Leishmania donovani associated risk factors essential design appropriate control measures. The main aim this study was assess asymptomatic L. among laborers agricultural camps West Armachiho district, Northwest Ethiopia. Therefore, conducted know...

Air pollution causes premature mortality and morbidity globally, but these adverse health effects occur over proportionately in low- middle-income countries. Lack of both air data knowledge its spatial distribution African countries have been suggested to lead an underestimation from pollution. This study aims measure nitrogen oxides (NOx), as well dioxide (NO2), develop Land Use Regression (LUR) models the city Adama, Ethiopia. NOx NO2 was measured at 40 sites during six days wet dry...