Particle swarm optimization (PSO) has been proved to be an effective tool for function optimization. Its performance depends heavily on the characteristics of employed exemplars. This necessitates considering both fitness and distribution exemplars in designing PSO algorithms. Following this idea, we propose a novel variant, called scatter learning algorithm (SLPSOA) multimodal problems. SLPSOA contains some new algorithmic features while following basic framework PSO. It constructs exemplar...

With advancements in mobile robot technology, wheel-legged robots have emerged as promising next-generation solutions, reducing design costs and enhancing adaptability unstructured environments. As underactuated systems, their balance control has become a prominent research focus. Despite there being numerous approaches, challenges remain. Balance methods for are influenced by hardware characteristics, such motor friction, which can induce oscillations hinder dynamic convergence. This paper...

By analyzing the topology and mathematical model of modular multilevel converters (MMCs), a control scheme based on energy reallocation is proposed to MMC with redundant submodules. This not only appropriate for in normal state but also applicable submodules fault state. Considering circulating currents characteristics submodule state, phase controller using proportional integral resonance presented, can be suppressed. As power loss MMCs closely related switching frequency IGBTs, new...

Scientific consensus affirms human activity, particularly carbon emissions from market participants, drives global warming. Foreign investment, crucial for sustainability in developing nations, now faces scrutiny regarding its impact on environmental quality emerging economies. This study examines the influence of Chinese Outward Direct Investment (OFDI) and fintech conditions top five Chinese-invested African economies, alongside factors such as energy consumption, economic performance,...

This paper proposes an optimum design for the dc-based DFIG generation system in a dc grid to make its cost optimal. As stator is connected bus by side converter, voltage and frequency are not enslaved ac grid, which makes it possible decrease synchronous speed, rotor gearbox ratio. Three aspects improved. First, control targets optimized minimize increased generator current with decreasing Second, of made regulating ratio at increase current. Significant decreases losses analytically...

This study proposes a novel control scheme for doubly‐fed induction generator (DFIG) in DC‐grid where its stator and rotor are connected to DC‐bus via insulated‐gate bipolar transistor (IGBT)‐based converters, namely side converter (SSC). Maximum slip frequency strategy is proposed determine improve voltage at low‐rotor speed, which could lower the design difficulty of SSC. Stator decreases with keeps rated value normal speed. The constant exciting current adopted make DFIG operate...

Transient stability of doubly-fed induction generators (DFIGs) is a major concern in both AC and DC grids, DFIGs must stay connected for time during grid faults according to the power requirements. For this purpose, work proposes an overcurrent overvoltage protective device (OCV-PD) ensure that DC-based DFIG system can operate well faults. Compared with series dynamic braking resistor (SDBR), two aspects are improved. First, two-level control strategy inductor circuit used OCV-PD limit...

In order to regulate the instantaneous active and reactive powers of rectifier in an optimized approach, a novel fuzzy-based voltage-oriented direct power control strategy (FVO-DPC) is proposed this study. The based on principle (DPC) three-phase voltage source pulse width modulations (PWM) rectifier. FVO-DPC system, are controlled by fuzzy logic controller switching table. run through introducing errors between command estimate values power. loss, precision dynamic characteristics taken...

An adaptive integral sliding mode direct power control (AISMC DPC) strategy for voltage source converter medium current (VSC-MVDC) system stations (CS) is proposed in this paper. For high VSC-based applications, the time delays loops have significant adverse impacts on performance and robustness. Aiming at these problems, an (ISMC) based DPC controller, consisting of proportional laws, firstly designed CS to realize accurate regulation objective. Then, ISMC ac line parameter scheme with...

To improve the transient response of an electric power transmission system, a hybrid adaptive robust control method is proposed in this paper for static var compensator by incorporating immersion and invariance (I&I adaptive) L2-gain control. In contrast to standard I&I algorithm, establishing target system not required constructing law with method. Thus, procedure solving PDEs satisfy condition can be avoided. addition, both parametric non-parametric uncertainties, which commonly exist...

In order to eliminate the ripple of active power and suppress negative sequence current produced during charging process tramcar under both balanced unbalanced supply conditions, a novel proportional integral resonance based sliding mode (PIRSM) control scheme is proposed in this article for VIENNA rectifier station. After deriving model stationary coordinate system, mathematical built. Subsequently, unified objective introduced make available different operating condition without changing...

In this study, a robust H∞ finite-time tracking controller is proposed for robotic manipulators based on time delay estimation. controller, there no need to know the dynamics of robots, so it quite simple. The high-gain observer employed estimate joint velocities, which makes much lower in cost. theorem proof shows that closed-loop system stable and has L2 gain less than or equal γ, high accuracy strong robustness estimation errors external disturbances. Simulations two-link robot illustrate...

Android has become the largest-selling operating system for smartphones, and thousands of new applications are developed published everyday. However, quality, not quantity, is real mobile application problem. The robustness worrisome as many them always have crash bugs. It's unrealistic to rely on developers' experience eliminate all. There so input sources we cannot assume developers will check all data from properly. And some services suffer denial-of-service attacks because bugs due their...

The Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method is used find optimal mixing scheme of Zhaotong lignite, Fuyuan bituminous coal, and Xiaolongtan lignite in terms combustion performance. Comparative evaluation different schemes also conducted, where the flammability index, comprehensive characteristic burnout temperature, economic costs can be measure advantages disadvantages with parameters. Through analysis optimization, it found that when Xiaolongtan,...

This paper proposed a robust finite-time tracking controller with adaptive neural networks for uncertain robotic manipulators without velocity measurements.A simple output feedback plus nonlinear filter is designed to achieve satisfied performance, such as high accuracy, and fast response, which more convenient lower cost in practice.The convergence are compensate the uncertainties, effectively further improve robustness.The Lyapunov stability theory geometric homogeneity technique employed...

Based on the voltage source inverter, master-slave control strategy of constant power-constant and frequency (PQ-VF) or peer-to-peer Droop is usually adopted to improve efficiency distributed generation ensure safe reliable operation microgrid. It found that subordinate sources rely heavily principal in control, stability microgrid poor control. To solve above problems, advantages these two strategies are synthesized. Then, new combining proposed paper. In strategy, VF applied grid-connected...

An extensible configuration is proposed for static var generator (SVG) with advanced controller included reactive power compensation of grid. Compared the traditional configurations, major advantage such system that modules are very flexible and easy to extend or reduce without changing main equipment SVG under different voltage levels. Furthermore, in order solve problems modeling uncertainty, nonlinearities, outside disturbance by using proportion integration (PI) controller, an based on...

In this paper, a modeling approach is developed for internal circuits of electronic devices. Two types recurrent neural networks (RNN), both with and without time sequence, are trained to learn the dynamic responses interferences in frequency domain respectively. After training, RNN model provides fast evaluation interference original circuits, which useful electromagnetic susceptibility (EMS) analysis optimization examples provided demonstrate validity proposed approach.

In this paper, least square approach is applied in subspace intersection (SI) method for the problem of bearing estimation shallow water. Based on that, a called constrained (CLS-SI) proposed. The mathematic expressions CLS-SI are given. addition, relationship between and MUSIC discussed. Simulations show that performance new proposed better than original SI method.

Since 2014 NIM has also started to design and develop one kind of homemade calibration system for the time link on basis NIMTFGNSS-2 receiver. The been constructed preliminarily calibrated, in near future, with this calibrator we might implement campaigns some TAI links under APMP(Asia Pacific Metrology Programme) scheme.

To enhance the transient stability of electric power control system, a radial basis function (RBF) neural networks sliding mode controller design is proposed for static var compensator (SVC) with uncertain parameter. Unlike conventional adaptive schemes, certainty equivalence principle not required estimating parameter in law design. Based on system immersion and manifold invariant (I&I) control, designed ensure that estimation error can converge to zero finite time. In addition, by (radial...

An innovative approach to high robustness and anti-interference performance for static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) control systems is proposed address the problems including parameter uncertainties external disturbances which often deteriorate system significantly. Improvement made in three aspects. Firstly, adaptive backstepping has been adopted design state-feedback law improve transient stability of STATCOM recursively. Secondly, In order reduce degree coupling between states...