A5008066825- Viral gastroenteritis research and epidemiology
- Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Virus-based gene therapy research
- CRISPR and Genetic Engineering
- Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens research
- Advanced Thermodynamic Systems and Engines
- Respiratory viral infections research
- Gut microbiota and health
- Infant Nutrition and Health
- Child Nutrition and Water Access
- Animal Disease Management and Epidemiology
- Hepatitis Viruses Studies and Epidemiology
- Zoonotic diseases and public health
- Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Pancreatic function and diabetes
- Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Molecular Biology Techniques and Applications
- Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Infection Control and Ventilation
- RNA modifications and cancer
- Autoimmune and Inflammatory Disorders
- Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
University of Florida
2015-2024
Florida College
2013-2024
Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport
2007-2010
Washington University in St. Louis
2003-2006
University of Missouri–Kansas City
1999-2000
Noroviruses are understudied because these important enteric pathogens have not been cultured to date. We found that the norovirus murine 1 (MNV-1) infects macrophage-like cells in vivo and replicates primary dendritic macrophages. MNV-1 growth was inhibited by interferon-αβ receptor STAT-1, associated with extensive rearrangements of intracellular membranes. An amino acid substitution capsid protein serially passaged virulence attenuation vivo. This is first report replication a cell...
Norwalk-like caliciviruses (Noroviruses) cause over 90% of nonbacterial epidemic gastroenteritis worldwide, but the pathogenesis norovirus infection is poorly understood because these viruses do not grow in cultured cells and there no small animal model. Here, we report a previously unknown murine norovirus. Analysis Murine Norovirus 1 revealed that signal transducer activator transcription 1-dependent innate immunity, T B cell-dependent adaptive essential for resistance. The identification...
The cell tropism of human noroviruses and the development an in vitro infection model remain elusive. Although susceptibility to individual norovirus strains correlates with individual's histo-blood group antigen (HBGA) profile, biological basis this restriction is unknown. We demonstrate that mouse infected B cells likely vivo. Human required presence HBGA-expressing enteric bacteria. Furthermore, replication was reduced vivo when intestinal microbiota depleted by means oral antibiotic...
ABSTRACT Human noroviruses are the major cause of nonbacterial epidemic gastroenteritis worldwide. However, little is known regarding their pathogenesis or immune responses that control them because until recently there has been no small animal model cell culture system norovirus infection. We reported discovery first murine norovirus, 1 (MNV-1), and its cultivation in macrophages dendritic cells vitro. further defined interferon receptors STAT-1 molecule as critical both resistance to...
Murine norovirus (MNV) is presently the only member of genus Norovirus in Caliciviridae that can be propagated cell culture. The goal this study was to elucidate proteolytic processing strategy MNV during an authentic replication cycle cells. A cleavage map ORF1 polyprotein generated, and virus-encoded 3C-like (3CL) proteinase (Pro) mediated at five dipeptide sites, 341E/G342, Q705/N706, 870E/G871, 994E/A995, 1177Q/G1178, defined borders six proteins with gene order p38.3 (Nterm)-p39.6...
Human noroviruses in the family Caliciviridae are a major cause of epidemic gastroenteritis. They responsible for at least 95% viral outbreaks and over 50% all worldwide. Transmission these highly infectious plus-stranded RNA viruses occurs primarily through contaminated food or water, but also person-to-person contact exposure to fomites. Norovirus infections typically acute self-limited. However, disease can be much more severe prolonged infants, elderly, immunocompromised individuals....
Whether or not primary norovirus infections induce protective immunity has become a controversial issue, potentially confounded by the comparison of data from genetically distinct strains. Early human volunteer studies performed with norovirus-positive inoculum initially led to conclusion that infection does generate long-term, immunity. More recently though, epidemiological pattern pandemics extrapolation induces herd While these are seemingly discordant observations, they may in fact...
Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in 275 million infections and 5.4 deaths as of December 2021. While effective vaccines are being administered globally, there is still a great need for antiviral therapies antigenically novel SARS-CoV-2 variants continue to emerge across the globe. Viruses require host factors at every step their life cycle, representing rich pool candidate targets drug design. Methods To identify that promote infection with potential broad-spectrum...
Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) cause a majority of gastroenteritis outbreaks across the globe and are leading severe childhood diarrhea foodborne disease in United States [1,2]. In impoverished countries, they estimated to over one million clinic visits 200,000 deaths young children annually [3]. However, mechanisms used by (NoVs) infect intestinal tract not well understood, primarily due paucity cell culture animal model systems. Recent major advances developing such models now leave field...
ABSTRACT In the United States (US), biosafety and biosecurity oversight of research on viruses is being reappraised. Safety in virology paramount frameworks should be reviewed periodically. Changes made with care, however, to avoid impeding science that essential for rapidly reducing responding pandemic threats as well addressing more common challenges caused by infectious diseases. Decades uniquely positioned US able respond COVID-19 crisis astounding speed, delivering life-saving vaccines...
ABSTRACT Human noroviruses are responsible for more than 95% of nonbacterial epidemic gastroenteritis worldwide. Both onset and resolution disease symptoms rapid, suggesting that components the innate immune response critical in norovirus control. While study human has been hampered by lack small animal tissue culture systems, our recent discovery a murine (MNV) its vitro propagation have allowed us to begin addressing replication strategies responses infection. We previously demonstrated...
Human noroviruses are the primary cause of severe childhood diarrhea in United States, and they particular clinical importance pediatric populations developing world. A major contributing factor to general increased severity infectious diseases these regions is malnutrition-nutritional status shapes host immune responses composition intestinal microbiota, both which can influence outcome pathogenic infections. In terms enteric norovirus infections, mucosal immunity microbes likely contribute...
Viruses have brought humanity many challenges: respiratory infection, cancer, neurological impairment and immunosuppression to name a few. Virology research over the last 60+ years has responded reduce this disease burden with vaccines antivirals. Despite long history, COVID-19 pandemic unprecedented attention field of virology. Some is focused on concern about safe conduct human pathogens. A small but vocal group individuals seized upon these concerns - conflating legitimate questions...
Noroviruses are a leading cause of gastroenteritis worldwide. Although infections in healthy individuals self-resolving, immunocompromised at risk for chronic disease and severe complications. Chronic norovirus hosts often characterized by long-term virus shedding, but it is unclear whether this shed remains infectious. We investigated the prevalence, genetic heterogeneity, temporal aspects 1140 patients treated during 6-year period pediatric research hospital. Additionally, we identified 20...
Noroviruses are the leading cause of severe childhood diarrhea and foodborne disease worldwide. While they a major in all age groups, infections very young can be quite severe, with annual estimates 50,000-200,000 fatalities children under 5 years old. In spite remarkable burden associated norovirus infections, little is known about pathogenic mechanisms underlying diarrhea, principally because lack tractable small animal models. The development murine (MNV) model nearly two decades ago has...