Abstract Over the last 60 years in oil and gas industry, lost circulation has been major nonproductive time (NPT) issue worldwide during well construction (12% of total NPT). According to industry figures, more than USD 2 billion are spent combating loss each year. In Rumaila field Iraq, NPT due is significant, estimated be 46% recorded. The a super-giant southern Iraq; contain 17 barrels, which accounts for 12% Iraq's reserves. field, at least 45% wells experience severe depths 450 650 m...

<p>We are living in an era of technology where smart phones and hence social media has entered into many aspects our life. Many professions using to improve communication between colleagues. Social tools gaining attention medical education as well.</p><p><strong>Objective:</strong><strong> </strong>To explore the potential WhatsApp instructional strategy for 4<sup>th</sup> Year MBBS students...

A classification of static spherically symmetric space-times in [Formula: see text] theory gravity according to their conformal vector fields (CVFs) is presented. For this analysis, a direct integration technique used. This study reveals that for gravity, CVFs are just Killing (KVFs) or homothetic (HVFs). classification, six cases have been discussed out which there exists only one case become HVFs while the rest KVFs.

The purpose of this paper is to find conformal vector fields some perfect fluid Kantowski–Sachs and Bianchi type III spacetimes in the [Formula: see text] theory gravity using direct integration technique. In study, there exist only eight cases. Studying each case detail, we found that two cases proper while rest cases, become Killing fields. dimension either 4 or 6.

Assuming the source of energy momentum tensor as perfect fluid, a classification static cylindrically symmetric spacetimes in f(R) theory gravity by conformal vector fields (CVFs) is presented. For purpose, we put different conditions on metric coefficients to obtain solutions gravity. By means some algebraic and direct integration techniques, it shown that dimension CVFs for considered turns out be 4, 5, or 15.

In this paper, we have studied proper conformal vector fields of pp-wave space-times in the [Formula: see text] theory gravity using algebraic and direct integration techniques. From study, found that a very special class pp-waves known as plane fronted gravitational waves (GWs) is solution gravity. order to find fields, GWs are further classified ten cases. Studying each case detail it turns out two cases exist while rest eight cases, become homothetic fields.

We first find the dust solutions of static plane symmetric spacetimes in theory f(R) gravity. Then using direct integration technique on obtained, we deduce conformal vector fields. This is performed context There exist six cases. Out these, five cases become conformally flat and admit 15 fields, whereas sixth case, fields Killing

In this paper, we present a study of proper conformal vector fields spatially homogeneous rotating space-times in the [Formula: see text] theory gravity. A total six cases have been discussed detail. It is found that conformally non-flat do not admit fields, while flat case space-time admits 15 independent fields.

Nonstatic plane symmetric spacetimes are considered to study conformal vector fields (VFs) in the [Formula: see text] theory of gravity. Firstly, we investigate some proper nonstatic by solving Einstein field equations (EFEs) gravity using algebraic techniques. Secondly, find CVFs obtained means direct integration approach. There exist seven cases. Studying each case detail, that dimension three, five, six and fifteen.

In this paper, Bianchi type I space-times in the [Formula: see text] theory of gravity are classified via conformal vector fields using algebraic and direct integration techniques. classification, we show that dimension four, five, six or fifteen. Additionally, found non-conformally flat admit five six. case conformally space-times, is

Pressure regulator is a common device used to regulate the working pressure for plants and machines. In aerospace propulsion systems, it pressurize liquid propellant rocket tanks at specified obtaining required mass flow rate. this paper, generalized model developed perform dynamic analysis of so that constant outlet can be attained. A nonlinear mathematical consists equation pressure, temperature, rate, moving shaft inside regulator. The system coupled differential equations numerically...

In the [Formula: see text] theory of gravity, we classify static plane symmetric perfect fluid space-times via proper conformal vector fields (CVFs) using algebraic and direct integration approaches. During this classification, found eight cases. Studying each case in detail, that dimensions CVFs are 4, 5, 6 or 15. cases when space-time admits 15 independent it becomes conformally flat.

In this paper, we classify proper non-static cylindrically symmetric (CS) perfect fluid space-times via conformal vector fields (CVFs) in the [Formula: see text] gravity. order to space-times, use algebraic and direct integration approaches. process of classification, there exist 23 cases for which considered become non-static. By studying each case detail, find that are dimensions two, three fifteen

The aim of this paper is to classify non-conformally flat static plane symmetric (SPS) perfect fluid solutions via proper conformal vector fields (CVFs) in [Formula: see text] gravity. For purpose, first we explore some SPS the Einstein field equations (EFEs) Second, utilize these find CVFs. In study, found 16 cases. A detailed study each case reveals that three cases, space-times admit CVFs whereas rest either become conformally or they homothetic (HVFs) Killing (KVFs). dimension for...

Conformal symmetries act as a source to investigate and classify exact solutions of the Einstein field equations (EFEs) via conformal vector fields (CVFs). It is well known that such classification leads an important class Killing symmetry which generating conservation laws physics. In this paper, first we explore various classes Kantowski–Sachs (KS) Bianchi type III in [Formula: see text] gravity by adopting some algebraic techniques. Utilizing above-mentioned technique, come know there...

The aim of this paper is to investigate the conformal vector fields (CVFs) for some vacuum classes static spherically symmetric space-times in [Formula: see text] gravity. First, we have explored by solving Einstein field equations These solutions been obtained imposing various conditions on space-time components and selecting separable form bivariate function text]. Second, find CVFs via direct integration approach. overall study reveals that there exist 17 cases. From these cases, five...

Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease caused by protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. The goal of this study was to look into (T.) gondii prevalence in goats. examined n= 380 goats both sexes, male n=80 and female n=300, aged 1-6 years, from Faisalabad district, Punjab province. A total n = 202 out were seropositive, resulting 53.15% overall prevalence. latex agglutination test used for T. antibodies the obtained sera. This evaluated animals as toxoplasmosis screening serologic test. found be...

The focus of this research is to investigate conformal vector fields (CVFs) Bianchi type I space–times in modified teleparallel gravity (MTG). In order determine such fields, we make a classification said space–times. As result, discover thirty-one distinct classes the MTG. With aid symmetry adopting direct integration approach, thoroughly scrutinize each case and find that only class formulates conformally non-flat admits proper CVFs. rest cases, either become flat or tend admit homothetic...

The aim of this paper is to discuss exact Bianchi-type V cosmological solutions via conformal vector fields (CVFs) admitting energy conditions within the framework f(T) gravity. For study, we first derive Einstein field equations (EFEs) by considering Bianchi type space–times in We formulate metrics gravity imposing certain constraints on space–time components. In particular, emphasize extracting power law, exponential, and singular solutions. plot dynamical parameters obtained versus cosmic...

This paper studies the effects of charge on spherically symmetric collapse anisotropic fluid with a positive cosmological constant. It is observed that electromagnetic field places restriction bounds constant, which acts as repulsive force against contraction matter content and hence rate destruction faster in presence field. We have also noted affects time interval between formation horizon (CH) black hole (BHH). When electric strength E(t, r) vanishes, our investigations are full agreement...