Abiotic stresses, such as drought, salinity, and heat, exacerbated by climate change, pose significant challenges to global agriculture. These stresses negatively impact crop physiology, leading yield losses complicating efforts breed resilient varieties. While advancements in molecular biology genomics have identified stress-resistance genes, their effective utilization breeding programs depends on precise phenotypic evaluation under diverse stress conditions. High-throughput phenotyping...

Landraces are considered a valuable source of potential genetic diversity that could be used in the selection process any plant breeding program. Here, we assembled population 600 bread wheat landraces collected from eight different countries, conserved at ICARDA's genebank, and evaluated structure using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. A total 11,830 high-quality SNPs distributed across genomes (40.5%), B (45.9%), D (13.6%) were for final analysis. The analysis was model-based...

Endogenous metabolism is primarily responsible for losses in sucrose content and processing quality postharvest sugarbeet roots. The genes this the transcriptional changes that regulate it, however, are largely unknown. To identify metabolic pathways participate root contribute to their regulation, transcriptomic metabolomic profiles were generated roots at harvest after 12, 40 120 d storage 5 12°C gene expression metabolite concentration related duration or temperature identified. During...

Stripe or yellow rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici is a major threat to bread wheat production worldwide. The breakdown in resistance of certain genes and newly emerging aggressive races stripe rusts pose serious concerns all main growing areas the world. To identify new sources associated QTL for effective utilization future breeding programs an association mapping (AM) panel comprising 600 landraces collected from eight different countries conserved at ICARDA...

Landraces are a potential source of genetic diversity and provide useful resources to cope with the current future challenges in crop breeding. Afghanistan is located close centre origin hexaploid wheat. Therefore, understanding population structure Afghan wheat landraces enormous importance breeding programmes for development high-yielding cultivars as well broadening base bread Here, panel 363 collected from seven north north-eastern provinces were evaluated using single nucleotide...

Stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici . is a major bread wheat disease worldwide with yield losses of up to 100% under severe pressure. The deployment resistant cultivars adult plant resistance the provides long-term solution stripe wheat. An advanced line from International Winter Wheat Improvement Program (IWWIP) 130675 (Avd/Vee#1//1-27-6275/Cf 1770/3/MV171-C-17466) showed high level in field. To identify genes this elite line, mapping population 190 doubled...

Abstract Cadmium (Cd) toxicity is a serious threat to future food security and health safety. To identify genetic factors contributing Cd uptake in wheat, we conducted genome‐wide association study with genotyping from 90K SNP array. A spring wheat diversity panel was planted under normal conditions stress (50 mg Cd/kg soil). The impact of on agronomic traits ranged reduction 16% plant height 93% grain iron content. Individual genotypes showed considerable variation for translocation...

Wheat rust diseases, including yellow (Yr; also known as stripe rust) caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici, leaf (Lr) triticina Eriks. and stem (Sr) graminis Pres tritici are major threats to wheat production all around the globe. Durable resistance diseases can be achieved through genomic-assisted prediction of resistant accessions increase genetic gain per unit time. Genomic (GP) is a promising technology that uses genomic markers estimate breeding values (GBEVs) for...

Abstract Sugar beet ( Beta vulgaris L. ssp. Doell.) was originally selected from white fodder in the 1780s and then specifically bred for sucrose production. The relatively recent inception of crop has led to a narrow genetic base that bottlenecked sustainable improvement. To evaluate potential publicly available germplasm sugar improvement, diversity analysis with SNPs (single‐nucleotide polymorphisms) covering whole genome conducted using 1936 lines United States. results confirmed...

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) have been widely used for gene identification. Allelic discrimination an individual SNP with high reliability and flexibility is critical the accurate detection of beneficial genes linked to specific sites. Several genotyping platforms developed but most exclusively rely on fluorescence signals allelic differentiation. Genotyping via a signal can lower accuracy if strong background noise present, common challenge associated crop genetics. The...

Cultivated beet ( Beta vulgaris L. ssp. ) originated from sea B . maritima (L.) Arcang), a wild species widely distributed along the coasts of Mediterranean Sea and Atlantic Ocean, as well northern Africa. Understanding evolution will facilitate its efficient use in sugarbeet improvement. We used SNPs (single nucleotide polymorphisms) covering whole genome to analyze 599 accessions collected north Ocean coasts. All can be grouped into eight clusters with each corresponding specific...

Sugar beet (SB), Beta vulgaris ssp, (B. vulgaris) is one of only two plants in the world from which significant global raw sugar produced, $1 billion, U.S., $4.6 B, globally. Tetanops myopaeformis (von Roder), root maggot (SBRM), a devastating insect pathogen that can decrease yield almost completely. Experiments reveal SBRM larval transcriptome experiencing different susceptible or resistant responses by larvae were sampled at time = 0 hours post infection [hpi]), prior to being introduced...

Stripe rust is among the most destructive foliar diseases affecting wheat globally. The identification of novel adult plant resistance loci represents a critical strategy for mitigating substantial yield losses attributed to stripe across diverse regions worldwide. Wheat landraces possess untapped genetic resources abiotic and biotic stresses including like rust. This study was conducted identify basis response in bread landrace BWLR-2347 conserved at ICARDA gene bank. mapping population 178...

The sugar beet root maggot (SBRM), Tetanops myopaeformis (von Röder) insect pathogen devastates (SB), Beta vulgaris ssp, (B. vulgaris), one of only two plants from which significant global raw is produced, $1B, U.S., $4.6 B, globally. Larval SBRMs experiencing F1010 and L19 susceptible or F1016 F1024 resistant SB responses are RNA sequenced, sampled at time = 0 hours post infection [hpi], 24, 48 72 hpi. Transcriptomic analyses determined the number reads per sample, mapped transcripts to...

Sugar beet (SB), Beta vulgaris ssp, (B. vulgaris), is one of only two plants in the world from which significant amounts raw sugar produced. This value sugar, derived SB, 55% United States and 35% global with an annual farm worth U.S. alone $1B, $4.6B globally. Tetanops myopaeformis (von Röder), root maggot (SBRM), a devastating insect pathogen most SB North America, decreasing production by up to 100%. The T. TmSBRM_v1.0 draft genome has been generated DNA isolated field-grown B. Dakota,...

ABSTRACT Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici is a major threat to wheat production worldwide. The breakdown in resistance of certain genes and new emerging aggressive races stripe rusts are causing serious concerns all main growing areas the world. To search for sources associated QTL effective utilization future breeding programs an association mapping panel comprising 600 bread landraces collected from eight different countries conserved at ICARDA gene bank...

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus Moench) is valued for its edible green seed pods. Twenty-five okra genotypes were sown to determine the genetic variability 10 yield- and quality-related traits. Minor differences between genotypic phenotypic variance indicated low environmental variance. All traits positively correlated with yield per plant except photosynthetic-active radiation carbohydrate percentage, which exhibited a negative association. Cluster analysis grouped in three clusters; cluster 1...

A field experiment consists of five genotypes okra was conducted in the research area Department Plant Breeding and Genetics, University Agriculture, Faisalabad during crop season 2010-2011.All possible crosses were made to obtain F1seed following diallel analysis design. The F1 seed along with their parents evaluated. laid out randomized complete block Data collected for some quality traits as protein content, dietryfiber content carbohydrates. numerical approaches demonstrated that dietary...