This study aimed to validate the “Racquet Sports Attitude Scale (RSAS)” questionnaire intended for educational field. The RSAS is a Spanish instrument developed using Delphi method and consists of 42 questions divided into five subsections benefits table tennis (TT), facilitators application TT, barriers applying in physical education (PE), difficulties as PE content positive attitude toward racket sports), designed evaluate use impact practice sports, particular among teachers. semantic...

Ultra-trail events (UTs) pose significant challenges to maintaining hydration and electrolyte balance, with risks of dehydration (DH), overhydration (OH), exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH), exertional rhabdomyolysis (ER). This study examined the effects ad libitum (ADL) on status muscle damage during a nine-stage UT (635 km, 40,586 m elevation gain). Four highly trained male athletes participated. Hydration was assessed via body weight loss (BWL), urine specific gravity (Usg), serum...

Introducción: la implementación de los nuevos modelos pedagógicos ha sido motivo exhaustiva investigación en últimos años. Objetivo: comprobar el efecto que tuvo aplicación del modelo educación deportiva (MED) una unidad didáctica (UD) rugby tag sobre clima motivacional clase (CMC) estudiantes 1º Bachillerato, comparándolo con metodología tradicional basada asignación tareas (MAT). Metodología: este estudio cuasiexperimental se analizaron variables hacia tarea y ego. Se utilizó cuestionario...

Background/Objectives: Moderate-intensity physical exercise induces an anti-inflammatory state that may help prevent or manage various diseases. In contrast, high-intensity is closely associated with systemic inflammation, which can lead to immunosuppression, especially when recovery periods are too short, reduced sports performance, and potential health risks for the athlete. The study aimed analyze acute cytokine dynamics in professional padel players, focusing on differences related side...

A series of case studies aimed to evaluate muscular fatigue in running a 768-km ultra-trail race 11 days. Four non-professional athletes (four males) were enrolled. Muscle damage blood biomarkers (creatine kinase (CK), lactodeshydrogenase (LDH), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) lower limb strength evaluated by using Bosco jumps test; squat jump (SJ), countermovement (CMJ) Abalakov (ABA) assessed before (pre), after the (post) for two nine days during recovery...

A case study involving a healthy trained male athlete who completed 786 km multi-stage ultra-trail race. Several markers were analyzed in blood and urine samples: creatinine (SCR) for kidney damage, sodium ([Na+]) hyponatremia, creatine kinase (CK) exertional rhabdomyolysis, as well other hematological values. Samples taken before after the race during recovery period (days 2 9 race). Results showed: SCR = 1.13 mg/dl, [Na+] =139 mmol/l CK 1.099 UI/l. Criteria determination of acute damage...

Ultra-trail races (UT) pose significant challenges to maintaining hydration and electrolyte balance, with risks of dehydration (DH), overhydration (OH), exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH), exertional rhabdomyolysis (ER). This study examined the effects ad libitum (ADL) on status muscle damage during a nine-stage UT (635 km, 40,586 m elevation gain). Four highly trained male athletes participated. Hydration was assessed via body weight loss (BWL), urine specific gravity (Usg), serum...

A series of case studies aimed to assess bone and stress fractures in a 768-km ultra-trail race for 11 days. Four nonprofessional male athletes completed the event without diagnosing any fracture. Bone turnover markers (osteocalcin (OC), serum C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide type I collagen (CTX), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), calcium (Ca2+)) were assessed before (pre) after (post) on days two nine during recovery period (rec2 rec9), respectively. Results showed:...