A5063695900- Marine Invertebrate Physiology and Ecology
- Planarian Biology and Electrostimulation
- Hippo pathway signaling and YAP/TAZ
- Marine Ecology and Invasive Species
- Erythrocyte Function and Pathophysiology
- Marine Toxins and Detection Methods
- Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer
- Cellular Mechanics and Interactions
- Protist diversity and phylogeny
- Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Ion channel regulation and function
- Cephalopods and Marine Biology
- Cellular transport and secretion
- Marine Sponges and Natural Products
- Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Plant and Biological Electrophysiology Studies
- Photoreceptor and optogenetics research
- Network Security and Intrusion Detection
- Venomous Animal Envenomation and Studies
- Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies
- Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
- Neurobiology and Insect Physiology Research
- Biomedical Research and Pathophysiology
- Zebrafish Biomedical Research Applications
- Nonlinear Dynamics and Pattern Formation
Heidelberg University
2016-2025
New York University
2024
Universität Innsbruck
2024
University of California, Irvine
2000-2024
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
1985-2024
Heidelberg University
2008-2024
Kyoto University
2016-2023
Heidelberg Academy of Sciences and Humanities
2014-2022
Institute for Advanced Study
2022
Osaka University
2016
Hydra, first described by Anton van Leeuwenhoek in a letter to the Royal Society 1702, has been studied biologists for centuries and now is an important model work on axial patterning, stem cell biology regeneration. Its genome, over half of which made up mobile elements, sequenced, as genome Curvibacter sp. bacterium stably associated with Hydra magnipapillata. Comparisons those other animals provide insights into evolution epithelia, contractile tissues, developmentally regulated...
microRNAs (miRNAs) are approximately 22-nucleotide noncoding RNA regulatory genes that key players in cellular differentiation and homeostasis. They might also play important roles shaping metazoan macroevolution. Previous studies have shown miRNAs continuously being added to genomes through time, and, once integrated into gene networks, show only rare mutations within the primary sequence of mature product rarely secondarily lost. However, because conclusions from these were largely based...
High-speed microcinematography of nematocyst discharge in Hydra attenuata Pall. shows that this specialized exocytosis, which appears to result from an increase the intracapsular pressure, requires a total about 3 milliseconds. A maximum velocity 2 meters per second is generated, corresponding acceleration 40,000 g . Thus one fastest cellular processes nature.
Thomas W. Holstein Department of Molecular Evolution and Genomics, Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany Correspondence: thomas.holstein{at}cos.uni-heidelberg.de
The dickkopf (dkk) gene family encodes secreted antagonists of Wnt signalling proteins, which have important functions in the control cell fate, proliferation, and polarity during development. Here, we report isolation, from a regeneration-specific signal peptide screen, novel fresh water cnidarian Hydra. Comparative sequence analysis demonstrates that antagonistic subfamily Dkk1/Dkk2/Dkk4 non-modulating Dkk3 separated prior to divergence cnidarians bilaterians. In steady-state Hydra,...
In and evaginations of 2D cell sheets are major shape generating processes in animal development. They result from directed movement intercalation polarized cells associated with changes. Work on several bilaterian model organisms has emphasized the role noncanonical Wnt signaling polarization movement. However, molecular responsible for tissue body ancestral, prebilaterian animals unknown. We show that acts mass movements during bud tentacle evagination regeneration cnidarian polyp Hydra....
Polarized Wnt signaling along the primary body axis is a conserved property of axial patterning in bilaterians and prebilaterians, depends on localized sources ligands. However, mechanisms governing expression that emerged early evolution are poorly understood. Here we find cnidarian Hydra two functionally distinct cis -regulatory elements control head organizer-associated Wnt3 ( HyWnt3 ). An autoregulatory element, which mediates direct inputs Wnt/β-catenin signaling, highly activates...
The cnidarian freshwater polyp Hydra sp. exhibits an unparalleled regeneration capacity in the animal kingdom. Using integrative transcriptomic and stable isotope labeling by amino acids cell culture proteomic/phosphoproteomic approach, we studied stem cell-based polyps. As major contributors to head regeneration, identified diverse signaling pathways adopted for response as well enriched novel genes. Our global analysis reveals two distinct molecular cascades: early injury a subsequent,...
We present the genome of moon jellyfish Aurelia, a from cnidarian with medusa life stage. Our analyses suggest that gene gain and loss in Aurelia is comparable to what has been found its morphologically simpler relatives-the anthozoan corals sea anemones. RNA sequencing analysis does not support hypothesis taxonomically restricted (orphan) genes play an oversized role development Instead, broadly conserved across animals eukaryotes roles throughout cycle. All stages are significantly...
Self-organization has been demonstrated in a variety of systems ranging from chemical-molecular to ecosystem levels, and evidence is accumulating that it also fundamental for animal development. Yet, self-organization can be approached experimentally only few systems. Cells isolated the simple metazoan Hydra aggregate form complete by self-organization. By using this experimental system, we found clusters 5-15 epithelial cells are necessary sufficient de novo head-organizing centers an...