Abstract Chronic pain is known to induce an amplified aversive reaction peripheral nociceptive inputs. This enhanced affective response constitutes a key pathologic feature of chronic syndromes such as fibromyalgia. However, the neural mechanisms that underlie this important aspect processing remain poorly understood, hindering development treatments. Here, we show single dose ketamine can produce persistent reduction in noxious stimuli rodent models, long after termination its...

A hallmark feature of chronic pain is its ability to impact other sensory and affective experiences. It notably associated with hypersensitivity at the site tissue injury. less clear, however, if can also induce a generalized site-nonspecific enhancement in aversive response nociceptive inputs. Here, we showed that one limb rats increased acute stimuli opposite limb, as assessed by conditioned place aversion. Interestingly, neural activities anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) correlated noxious...

Acute pain evokes protective neural and behavioral responses. Chronic pain, however, disrupts normal nociceptive processing. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is known to exert top-down regulation of sensory inputs; unfortunately, how individual PFC neurons respond an acute signal not well characterized. We found that in the prelimbic region increased firing rates after noxious stimulations free-moving rats. suppressed both basal spontaneous pain-evoked rates. Furthermore, we identified a linear...

Pain is a complex multidimensional experience encompassing sensory-discriminative, affective-motivational and cognitive-emotional components mediated by different neural mechanisms. Investigations of neurophysiological signals from simultaneous recordings two or more cortical circuits may reveal important circuit mechanisms on pain processing. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) primary somatosensory (S1) represent most related to sensory affective processing pain. Here, we recorded in vivo...

Effective treatments for chronic pain remain limited. Conceptually, a closed-loop neural interface combining sensory signal detection with therapeutic delivery could produce timely and effective relief. Such systems are challenging to develop because of difficulties in accurate ultrafast analgesic delivery. Pain has affective components, encoded large part by activities the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) anterior cingulate (ACC), respectively. Meanwhile, studies show that stimulation...

Objective. Many serious concerns exist in the long-term stability of brain–machine interfaces (BMIs) based on spike signals (single unit activity, SUA; multi MUA). Some studies showed local field potentials (LFPs) could offer a stable decoding performance. However, LFPs was examined only when high quality were recorded. Here we aim to examine over larger time scale from good poor or even no Approach. Neural collected motor cortex three monkeys via silicon arrays 230, 290 and 690 days...

Abstract Pain is known to have sensory and affective components. The pain component encoded by neurons in the primary somatosensory cortex (S1), whereas emotional or experience large part processed neural activities anterior cingulate (ACC). timing of how a mechanical thermal noxious stimulus triggers activation peripheral fibers well-known. However, temporal processing nociceptive inputs remains little studied. Here, we took two approaches examine are S1 ACC. We simultaneously recorded...

Reinforcement learning (RL)-based brain machine interfaces (BMIs) enable the user to learn from environment through interactions complete task without desired signals, which is promising for clinical applications. Previous studies exploited Q-learning techniques discriminate neural states into simple directional actions providing trial initial timing. However, movements in BMI applications can be quite complicated, and action timing explicitly shows intention when move. The rich...

Chronic pain negatively impacts a range of sensory and affective behaviors. Previous studies have shown that the presence chronic not only causes hypersensitivity at site injury but may also be associated with pain-aversive experiences anatomically unrelated sites. While animal indicated cingulate prefrontal cortices are involved in this generalized hyperalgesia, mechanisms distinguishing increased sensitivity from site-nonspecific enhancement aversive response to nociceptive inputs well...

To explore the exciting new domain of brain informatics, we invited several well-known experts to discuss state art, challenges, opportunities, and trends. In "Creating Human-Level AI by Educating a Child Machine," Raj Reddy proposes an architecture for "child machine" that can learn is teachable. "Cyborg Intelligence," Zhaohui Wu, Gang Pan, Nenggan Zheng describe biological-machine system consisting both organic computing part. "Formal Minds Biological Brains II: From Mirage Intelligence...

Reinforcement learning (RL)-based decoders in brain-machine interfaces (BMIs) interpret dynamic neural activity without patients' real limb movements. In conventional RL, the goal state is selected by user or defined physics of problem, and decoder finds an optimal policy essentially assigning credit over time, which normally very time-consuming. However, BMI tasks require finding a good few trials, impose limit on complexity that can be learned before animal quits. Therefore, this paper...

Pain is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, described in terms of such damage. Current pain research mostly focuses on molecular synaptic changes at the spinal peripheral levels. However, a complete understanding mechanisms requires physiological study neocortex. Our goal to apply neural decoding approach read out onset acute thermal signals, which can be used for brain-machine interface.We micro wire arrays record...

Abstract Pain is a complex sensory and affective experience. The current definition for pain relies on verbal reports in clinical settings behavioral assays animal models. These definitions can be subjective do not take into consideration signals the neural system. Local field potentials (LFPs) represent summed electrical currents from multiple neurons defined brain area. Although single neuronal spike activity has been shown to modulate acute pain, it yet clear how ensemble activities form...

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) regulates a wide range of sensory experiences. Chronic pain is known to impair normal neural response, leading enhanced aversion. However, it remains unknown how nociceptive responses in the are processed at population level and whether such processes disrupted by chronic pain. Using vivo endoscopic calcium imaging, we identify increased activity response noxious stimuli stable patterns functional connectivity among neurons prelimbic (PL) PFC from freely behaving...

The high-dimensional neural recordings bring computational challenges to movement decoding in motor brain machine interfaces (mBMI), especially for portable applications. However, not all recorded activities relate the execution of a certain task. This paper proposes use local-learning-based method perform neuron selection gesture prediction reaching and grasping task.Nonlinear are decomposed into set linear ones weighted feature space. A margin is defined measure distance between...

Recent studies have shown that dorsal premotor cortex (PMd), a cortical area in the dorsomedial grasp pathway, is involved movements. However, neural ensemble firing property of PMd during movements and extent to which it can be used for decoding are still unclear.To address these issues, we multielectrode arrays record both spike local field potential (LFP) signals macaque monkeys performing reaching grasping one four differently shaped objects.Single population neuronal activity showed...

Sequential change-point detection from time series data is a common problem in many neuroscience applications, such as seizure detection, anomaly and pain detection. In our previous work (Chen Z, Zhang Q, Tong AP, Manders TR, Wang J. J Neural Eng 14: 036023, 2017), we developed latent state-space model, known the Poisson linear dynamical system, for detecting abrupt changes neuronal ensemble spike activity. online brain-machine interface (BMI) recursive filtering algorithm used to track...

Effective pharmacological treatment options for chronic pain remain very limited, and continued reliance on opioid analgesics has contributed to an epidemic in the United States. On other hand, nonpharmacologic neuromodulatory interventions provide a promising avenue relief of without complications dependence addiction. An especially attractive neuromodulation strategy is optimize endogenous regulatory circuits. The prefrontal cortex known top-down control pain, hence methods that...

Classic brain-machine interface (BMI) approaches decode neural signals from the brain responsible for achieving specific motor movements, which subsequently command prosthetic devices. Brain activities adaptively change during control of neuroprosthesis in BMIs, where alteration preferred direction and modulation gain depth are observed. The static tuning models have been limited by fixed codes, resulting a decay decoding performance over course movement subsequent instability performance....