The angular distributions of photons scattered by human breast tissues (adipose and glandular) eight breast-equivalent materials (water, polymethylmethacrylate, nylon, polyethylene four commercial simulating different glandular–adipose proportions) have been measured at a photon energy 17.44 keV (Kα-radiation Mo). Transmission target geometry has used with an acceptance ±0.6° uncertainty ∼7%. Experimental molecular form factors were extracted from diffraction patterns normalizing the number...

The application and better understanding of traditional new breast tumor biomarkers prognostic factors are increasing due to the fact that they able identify individuals at high risk cancer, who may benefit from preventive interventions. Also, can make possible for physicians design an individualized treatment each patient. Previous studies showed trace elements (TEs) determined by X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) techniques found in significantly higher concentrations neoplastic tissues (malignant...

Abstract An experimental procedure using monoenergetic Synchrotron Radiation x‐ray Fluorescence (SR‐XRF) method was studied, justified and applied to determine trace elements concentrations of normal neoplastic human breast tissues in the same individual. Scattered radiation from each sample used as an internal standard emission spectroscopy order construct calibration curves Ca, Fe, Cu Zn 52 tissue specimens (26 26 adjacent tissues). This work showed that this alternative is approximately...

In this work, a computational code for the study of imaging systems and dosimetry in conventional digital mammography through Monte Carlo simulations is described. The developed includes interference Doppler energy broadening simulation elastic inelastic photon scattering, respectively. estimates contribution scattered radiation to image quality spatial distribution scatter-to-primary ratio (S/P). It allows inclusion different designs anti-scatter grids (linear or cellular), evaluation...

Abstract The angular distribution of photons scattered by healthy (adipose and glandular) cancerous human breast tissue tissue‐equivalent materials were measured for photon energies 17.44 keV (Kα radiation Mo) 6.93 Co) using an x‐ray tube equipped with a graphite monochromator goniometer system. measurements performed in transmission geometry acceptance ±0.3° uncertainty ∼7%. at reflection solid samples order to detect crystal structures the samples. All show scattering signatures similar...

Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) images of normal breast tissue and benign malignant tumour tissues, fixed in formalin, were measured at the momentum transfer range 0.063 nm−1 ≤ q (= 4πsin(θ/2)/λ) 2.720 nm−1. Four intrinsic parameters extracted from profiles (1D SAXS image reduced) and, combination these parameters, another three also created. All derived, subject to discriminant analysis, it was verified that such as area diffuse scatter 0.50 0.56 nm−1, ratio between areas fifth-order...

An investigation was carried out to study the potential use of angular distribution scattered photons by human breast samples for a rapid identification neoplasias tissues. This technique has possible applications as diagnostic aid cancer. In this work, commercial powder diffractometer used obtain scattering profiles from tissues histopathologically classified normal tissues, fibroadenomas (benign diseases) and carcinomas (malignant diseases), in interval 0.02Å-1 < x 0.62Å-1. The...

The angular distribution of photons scattered by breast tissue samples (20 normal and 13 malignant) was measured in the interval momentum transfer 0.02 A−1 ≤ x 0.62 A−1, using a powder diffractometer apparatus operating reflection mode equipped with monochromator scattering beam. x-ray tube had Cu anode added Ni filtration. Experimental data corrected for all background sources, polarization, self-attenuation geometric effect order to provide linear differential coefficient µs (scattering...

In this work, a Monte Carlo code was used to investigate the performance of different x-ray spectra in digital mammography, through figure merit (FOM), defined as , with CNR being contrast-to-noise ratio image and average glandular dose. The FOM studied for breasts thicknesses t (2 cm ⩽t ⩽ 8 cm) contents (25%, 50% 75% glandularity). anode/filter combinations evaluated were those traditionally employed mammography (Mo/Mo, Mo/Rh, Rh/Rh), W anode combined Al or K-edge filters (Zr, Mo, Rh, Pd,...

In this work seven tissue-equivalent materials (Nylon, Polyacetate, Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), water, muscle-equivalent, bone-equivalent and adipose-equivalent) were characterized, through their attenuation (linear coefficient) scattering (scattering profile) properties. An energy dispersive X-ray system (EDXS) was used to analyze these properties simultaneously. The EDXS consisted of a tungsten anode tube operating at 60 kVp, goniometer, two detectors: Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) detector,...

In this work we measured Compton X-ray scatter signals from normal (adipose and fibrous) neoplastic (benign malignant) breast tissues using a photon energy of 17.44 keV (Kα radiation Mo) scattering angle 90° (x=0.99 Å−1), in order to determine their electron densities. The results densities obtained were compared with experimental theoretical data published previously, showing considerable agreement among them (differences smaller than 5%). Statistical comparisons made the distributions,...