Background: There is considerable controversy about the long-term morbidity associated with use of posterior autologous iliac crest bone graft for lumbar spine fusion procedures compared bone-graft substitutes. The hypothesis this study was that there no difference in outcome patients who had or without autograft. Methods: population includes enrolled degenerative spondylolisthesis cohort Spine Patient Outcomes Research Trial underwent spinal fusion. Patients were divided according to...

Abstract Objective To assess the ability of sclerostin antibody therapy to blunt negative effects polyethylene particles on implant fixation and peri‐implant bone structure in a rat model. Methods Thirty‐six adult male rats received intramedullary titanium implants; 12 vehicle injections only (control), 24 intraarticular lipopolysaccharide‐doped particles. Twelve that also treatment. The 3 groups were maintained for weeks pathogen‐free environment, at which time mechanical, micro–computed...

Background: The mechanical fixation of orthopaedic and dental implants is compromised by diminished bone volume, such as with osteoporosis. Systemic administration sclerostin antibody (Scl-Ab) has been shown to enhance implant in normal animals. In the present study, we tested whether Scl-Ab can improve established osteoporosis a rat model. Methods: We used an ovariectomized (ovx) model, which found 78% decrease trabecular volume at time surgery; sham-ovx, age-matched rats were controls....

Abstract We demonstrate that a biomimetic polymer network is capable of affecting bone regeneration in vivo . Starting with foundation consisting an environmentally responsive poly( N ‐isopropylacrylamide‐ co ‐acrylic acid) hydrogel, we incorporated matrix metalloproteinase‐13 (MMP‐13) degradable crosslinkers and peptides containing integrin‐binding domains (i.e., Arg‐Gly‐Asp) to create designed encourage osteoblast migration proliferation. independently tuned stiffness peptide concentration...

ABSTRACT Sclerostin antibody (Scl-Ab) is a novel bone-forming agent that currently undergoing preclinical and clinical testing. Scl-Ab treatment known to dramatically increase bone mass, but little about the quality of formed during treatment. In current study, global mineralization matrix in rats nonhuman primates treated with vehicle or was assayed by backscattered scanning electron microscopy (bSEM) quantify mineral density distribution (BMDD). Additionally, fluorochrome labeling allowed...

Metal-on-metal prostheses undergo wear and corrosion, releasing soluble ions particles into the surrounding environment. Reports described early failures of metal-on-metal prostheses, with histologic features similar to a Type IV immune response. Mechanisms by which metal products ion causing this reaction are not completely understood, effects on osteocytes, represent more than 95% all bone cells, have been also studied. We hypothesized that released from cobalt-chromium-molybdenum...

Background/Objectives: Malocclusion in primary dentition affects permanent dentition. However, the factors contributing to malocclusion oral cavities of children have not been fully elucidated. We hypothesized that environmental affect Japanese population and aimed identify associated with anterior occlusion Methods: The study involved 3793 parent-child pairs from Miyagi Regional Centre as part a supplementary survey Japan Environment Children's Study, cohort study. A questionnaire assessing...

Growth and differentiation factors (GDF) 5, 6, 7 are known to play roles in tendon ligament formation, therefore probably involved the formation of periodontal ligament. In this study, we sought determine temporal spatial expression GDF-5, -6, -7 mRNA developing tissue rat molars using situ hybridization. GDF gene was first detected cells associated with initial process fiber bundle formation. Gene signals were also located along alveolar bone cementum surfaces, insertion sites ligaments,...

Enhanced understanding of differential gene expression and biological pathways associated with distinct phases intramembranous bone regeneration following femoral marrow ablation surgery will improve future advancements regarding osseointegration joint replacement implants, biomaterials design, tissue engineering. A rat model was performed genome-wide microarray data were obtained from samples at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14, 28, 56 days post-ablation, intact bones serving as controls Day 0. Bayesian...

To accomplish effective periodontal regeneration for defects, several regenerative methods using growth and differentiation factors, including bone morphogenetic proteins ( BMP s), have been developed. Bone protein‐9 exhibits the most potent osteogenic activity of this factor family. However, it is unclear whether exogenous ‐9 can induce in human ligament PDL ) fibroblasts. Here, we examined effects recombinant (rh) on osteoblastic fibroblasts vitro, compared with rh ‐2. Recombinant potently...

To evaluate periodontal wound healing/regeneration of one-wall intra-bony defects treated with recombinant human fibroblast growth factor-2 (rhFGF-2) and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP), carbonate apatite (CO3 Ap), or deproteinized bovine bone mineral (DBBM) in dogs.The stability rhFGF-2 adsorbed onto the substitutes was evaluated by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). One-wall (5 × 5 mm) created five adult male beagle dogs were alone (rhFGF-2), β-TCP (rhFGF-2/β-TCP), CO3 Ap...

Revision surgery for particle-induced implant loosening in total joint replacement is expected to increase dramatically over the next few decades. This study was designed investigate if local tissue and serum markers of bone remodeling reflect fixation following administration lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-doped polyethylene (PE) particles a rat model. Twenty-four rats received bilateral implantation intramedullary titanium rods distal femur, followed by weekly intra-articular injection either...

To evaluate the effect of a novel liquid carrier system enamel matrix derivative (Osteogain) soaked on an absorbable collagen sponge (ACS) upon periodontal wound healing/regeneration in furcation defects monkeys.The stability conventional (Emdogain) and Osteogain adsorbed onto ACS was evaluated by ELISA. Chronic class III were created at teeth 36, 37, 46, 47 three monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). The 12 assigned to one following treatments: (1) open flap debridement (OFD) + ACS, (2)...

Bone repair is regulated by biological factors and the local mechanical environment. We hypothesize that combined use of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) will synergistically or additively enhance regeneration in a model simulating more difficult scenarios orthopaedic traumatology.Femoral defects rats were replaced with absorbable collagen sponges carrying rhBMP-2 (0, 1.2, 6, 12 μg; n = 30). Each group was divided equally to...

ABSTRACT Particle‐induced osteolysis is caused by an imbalance in bone resorption and formation, often leading to loss of implant fixation. Bone remodeling biomarkers may be useful for identification studying pathogenesis, but interpretation biomarker data could confounded if local engenders systemic remodeling. Our goal was determine remote contributes levels. Serum concentrations eight rates at (femur), contiguous (tibia), (humerus lumbar vertebra) sites were evaluated a rat model...

Abstract To examine bone remodeling following implant placement, 88 female Sprague–Dawley rats underwent either sham ovariectomy (sham‐ovx) or (ovx) at 4.5 months. At 11 months, 17 baseline control animals were euthanized, while 71 received bilateral intramedullary femoral implants. Implanted randomized to 4‐, 8‐, 12‐week follow‐up times. Microcomputed tomography was used assess cortical area and trabecular architecture in all rats. Dynamic static histomorphometry performed a subset the...

Angiogenesis is essential for bone formation and several morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been shown to induce angiogenesis through osteoblast-derived vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A. Growth differentiation factor-5 (GDF-5) a member of the BMP family expressed in known vivo. In this study, effects GDF-5 on osteogenic expression VEGF-related genes were determined using rat marrow stromal cells. stimulated differentiation. It also upregulated VEGF-A after 3 hr, accompanied by...