Soaring capacity and coverage demands dictate that future cellular networks need to migrate soon toward ultra-dense networks. However, network densification comes with a host of challenges include compromised energy efficiency, complex interference management, cumbersome mobility burdensome signaling overheads, higher backhaul costs. Interestingly, most the problems beleaguer stem from legacy networks' one common feature, i.e., tight coupling between control data planes regardless their...

Device-to-device (D2D) communication has huge potential for capacity and coverage enhancements next generation cellular networks. The number of nodes D2D is an important parameter that directly impacts the system capacity. In this paper, we derive analytic expression average probability user corresponding users. context, mature framework stochastic geometry Poisson point process been used. retention incorporated in Laplace functional to capture reduced path-loss shortest distance criterion...

In the current set of an experiment, forty maize genotypes were assessed for drought associated traits. For evaluation these traits, PC and correlation analyses employed to obtain suitable parents that can be further exploited in future breeding programmes. Correlation analysis revealed some important associations among traits studied. Fresh root length had positive significant associations, but leaf temperature a negative with density at both 40% 100% moisture levels while association level...

Device-to-device (D2D) communication is being considered an important traffic offloading mechanism for future cellular networks. Coupled with pro-active device caching, it offers huge potential capacity and coverage enhancements. In order to ensure maximum enhancement, number of nodes direct needs be identified. this paper, we derive analytic expression that relates D2D (i.e., user density) average probability reference receiver. Using stochastic geometry poisson point process, introduce...

Next generation cellular networks require huge capacity, ubiquitous coverage and maximum energy efficiency. In order to meet these targets, Device-to-device (D2D) communication is being considered for future heterogeneous (HetNets). this paper, we consider a three tier hierarchical HetNet by exploiting D2D in traditional HetNet. deployed within the where closely located mobile users are engaged direct without routing traffic through access network. The proposed configuration mandates reduce...

Food security is the crucial global issue, especially in developing countries like Pakistan. Since edible oil an essential food item, its persistent paucity country and huge import for meeting domestic requirements, has attained it second largest item after petroleum products. The aim of present study qualitative quantitative evaluation newly developed short duration drought tolerant canola quality Brassica juncea lines ZBJ-06012 ZBJ-08051 to overcome unfavorable situation country. Thirteen...

The homogeneous Poisson point process is widely used to model spatial distribution of base stations and mobile terminals. same can be underlay device-to-device (D2D) network; however, neglecting homophilic relation for D2D pairing presents underestimated system insights. In this paper, we both social distributions interfering nodes as proximity-based independently marked process. proximity considers physical distance between whereas relationship modeled Zipf-based marks. We apply these two...

Pakistan is facing severe scarcity of edible oil and spending a huge amount foreign exchange on its annual import. Sesame the best option as an oilseed crop due to less water requirement. Various statistical analyses are used test contribution different yield related traits for developing high potential cultivars. Correlation analysis illustrates association among exist in plant population under study. Genotypic phenotypic coefficients variability reveal extent differences accessions,...

Plant breeders always look for high yielding genotypes based on both genotype and G ? E (interaction of with environment) stability adaptability in diversified environmental conditions. This present study consists eight Brassica napus L. strains using RCBD design three replications conducted at locations Punjab province, Pakistan to determine general specific 2014-2015. Additive main effects multiplicative interactions (AMMI) showed that the environments (86.65%) have more influence...

The homogeneous spatial Poisson point process (SPPP) is widely used for modeling of mobile terminals (MTs). This characterized by a distribution, complete independence, and constant intensity measure. However, it intuitive to understand that the locations MTs are neither homogeneous, due inhomogeneous terrain, nor independent, homophilic relations. Moreover, not mobility. Therefore, assuming an SPPP too simplistic, especially realistic emerging device-centric frameworks such as...

The homogeneous Poisson point process (PPP) is widely used to model spatial distribution of base stations and mobile terminals. same can be underlay device-to-device (D2D) network, however, neglecting homophilic relation for D2D pairing presents underestimated system insights. In this paper, we both social distributions interfering nodes as proximity based independently marked process. considers physical distance between whereas relationship modeled Zipf marks. We apply these two paradigms...

The homogeneous poisson point process (PPP) is widely used to model temporal, spatial or both topologies of base stations (BSs) and mobile terminals (MTs). However, negative correlation in BSs, due strategical deployments, positive correlations MTs, homophilic relations, cannot be captured by PPP (SPPP). In this paper, we assume doubly stochastic process, a generalization PPP, with intensity measure as another process. To end, Permanental Cox Process (PCP) capture MTs. We consider product...