We isolated an activation-tagged Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) line, constitutive disease susceptibility2-1D (cds2-1D), that showed enhanced bacterial growth when challenged with various Pseudomonas syringae strains. Systemic acquired resistance and systemic PATHOGENESIS-RELATED GENE1 induction were also compromised in cds2-1D. The T-DNA insertion adjacent to NINE-CIS-EPOXYCAROTENOID DIOXYGENASE5 (NCED5), one of six genes encoding the abscisic acid (ABA) biosynthetic enzyme NCED, caused...

Most plant-microbe interactions do not result in disease; natural products restrict non-host pathogens. We found that sulforaphane (4-methylsulfinylbutyl isothiocyanate), a product derived from aliphatic glucosinolates, inhibits growth Arabidopsis of Pseudomonas bacteria planta. Multiple sax genes (saxCAB/F/D/G) were identified species virulent on Arabidopsis. These are required to overwhelm isothiocyanate-based defenses and facilitate disease outcome, especially the young leaves critical...

Summary Bioluminescent strains of the Arabidopsis thaliana pathogens Pseudomonas syringae pathovar (pv.) tomato and pv. maculicola were made by insertion luxCDABE operon from Photorhabdus luminescens into P. chromosome under control a constitutive promoter. Stable integration did not affect bacterial fitness, growth in planta or disease outcome. Luminescence accurately reliably reported infected leaves both with fixed inoculum followed over time varying inocula assayed at single point....

Soy is considered one of the most promising natural materials for manufacturing wood adhesives due to its low cost, high protein content, and ready availability. However, more cost-effective ways improving wet shear strength are needed achieve wider market acceptance. Protein adhesive depends on use (typically expensive) crosslinking additives as well processing/denaturation protein. It has been commonly stated in literature that denaturation leads higher bond by activating surface exposing...

ABSTRACT Brown rot basidiomycetes have an important ecological role in lignocellulose recycling and are notable for their rapid degradation of wood polymers via oxidative hydrolytic mechanisms. However, most these fungi apparently lack processive ( exo -acting) cellulases, such as cellobiohydrolases, which generally required efficient cellulolysis. The recent sequencing the Postia placenta genome now permits a proteomic approach to this longstanding conundrum. We grew P. on solid aspen wood,...

Abstract Background The aim of this study is determine the relative sensitivity a panel seven polyhydroxyalkanoate producing bacteria to lignocellulosic-derived fermentation inhibitors representing aliphatic acids, furans and phenolics. A further was measure polyhydroxybutyrate production select organisms on monosaccharides arabinose, xylose, glucose mannose. Findings We examined bacteria: Azohydromonas lata , Bacillus megaterium cereus Burkholderia cepacia Pseudomonas olevorans pseudoflava...

Endoxylanases classified into glycoside hydrolase family 30 subfamily 8 (GH30-8) are known to hydrolyze the hemicellulosic polysaccharide glucuronoxylan (GX) but not arabinoxylan or neutral xylooligosaccharides. This is owing specificity of these enzymes for α-1,2-linked glucuronate (GA) appendage GX. Limit hydrolysis this substrate produces a series aldouronates each containing single GA substituted on xylose penultimate reducing terminus. In work, structural and biochemical...

Glycoside hydrolase family 30 subfamily 8 (GH30-8) β-1,4-endoxylanases are known for their appendage-dependent function requiring recognition of an α-1,2-linked glucuronic acid (GlcA) common to glucuronoxylans hydrolysis. Structural studies have indicated that the GlcA moiety is coordinated through six hydrogen bonds and a salt bridge. These GlcA-dependent endoxylanases do not significant activity on xylans bear substitutions such as unsubstituted linear xylooligosaccharides or cereal bran...

Pseudomonas syringae is a gram-negative bacterium that infects number of agriculturally important plant species. The ability the organism to deliver virulence factors across cell wall key its pathogenicity. Deletion mutants in twin arginine translocation (Tat) pathway two pathovars P. syringae, pvs. tomato DC3000 and maculicola ES4326, displayed range pleiotropic phenotypic changes, such as defects fluorescent siderophore production, decrease sodium dodecyl sulfate copper resistance,...

The Acetivibrio clariflavus (basonym: Clostridium clariflavum ) glycoside hydrolase family 30 cellulosomal protein encoded by the Clocl_1795 gene was highly represented during growth on cellulosic substrates. In this report, recombinantly expressed has been characterized and shown to be a non-reducing terminal (NRT)-specific xylobiohydrolase ( Ac Xbh30A). Biochemical function, optimal biophysical parameters, phylogeny were investigated. findings indicate that Xbh30A strictly cleaves...

Xylans, including methylglucuronoxylans (MeGX(n)) and methylglucuronoarabinoxylans (MeGAXn), are the predominant polysaccharidesin hemicellulose fractions of dicots monocots available for conversion to biofuels chemicals. Paenibacillus sp. strain JDR-2 (Pjdr2) efficiently depolymerizes MeGX(n) MeGAX(n) assimilates generated oligosaccharides, resulting in efficient saccharification subsequent metabolism these polysaccharides. A xylan utilization regulon encoding a cellassociated GH10...

Abstract Objective New characterized carbohydrate-active enzymes are needed for use as tools to discriminate complex carbohydrate structural features. Fungal glycoside hydrolase family 3 (GH3) β-xylosidases have been shown be useful the elucidation of glucuronic acid (GlcA) and arabinofuranose (Ara f ) substituted oligoxylosides. A homolog these GH3 fungal from bacterium Segatella baroniae (basonym Prevotella bryantii) , Xyl3C, has previously characterized, but those studies did not address...

Polysaccharides comprising plant biomass are potential resources for conversion to fuels and chemicals. These polysaccharides include xylans derived from the hemicellulose of hardwoods grasses, soluble β-glucans cereals starch as primary form energy storage in plants. Paenibacillus sp. JDR-2 (Pjdr2) has evolved a system bioprocessing xylans. The central component this xylan utilization is multimodular glycoside hydrolase family 10 (GH10) endoxylanase with carbohydrate binding modules (CBM)...

Abstract Objective We previously described the structure and activity of a glycoside hydrolase family 30 subfamily 8 (GH30-8) endoxylanase, Ca Xyn30A, from Clostridium acetobutylicum which exhibited novel glucuronic acid (GA)-independent activity. Immediately downstream Xyn30A is encoded another GH30-8 enzyme, Xyn30B. While deviated substantially in highly conserved β7-α7 β8-α8 loop regions catalytic cleft are responsible for GA-dependence, Xyn30B maintains these amino residues thus...

Xylobiose is a prebiotic sugar that has applications in functional foods. This report describes the first X‐ray crystallographic structure models of apo and xylobiose‐bound forms xylobiohydrolase (XBH) from Acetivibrio clariflavus . xylan‐active enzyme, member recently described glycoside hydrolase family 30 (GH30), subfamily 10, phylogenetic clade been shown to strictly release xylobiose as its primary hydrolysis product. Inspection reveals glycone region X 2 ‐binding slot. When binds,...

Burkholderia cepacia ATCC 17759, isolated from forest soils in Trinidad, accumulates large amounts of polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymers when grown on xylose, mannose, arabinose, other carbohydrates, and organic acid cosubstrates. This 8.72-Mb draft genome sequence B. 17759 will provide better insight into this organism's utility lignocellulose bioconversion.