Ammonia (NH 3 ) volatilization may be an important part of the nitrogen (N) budget in swine-waste-amended farming systems.Ammonia was quantified from three circular bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon, [L.] pers) plots receiving split swine (Sus scrofa domestica) effluent applications during 1998, 1999, and 2000 growing seasons.Plots were maintained over course study used to characterize relative patterns following land-application effluent.Swine applied based on total phosphorus concentration...

Effects of age and diet composition on amylase, trypsin chymotrypsin activities in the pancreas intestinal contents, weights body were determined from birth to 56 d. A total 120 pigs, five seven pigs/litter 18 litters, slaughtered at birth, 14, 27, 29, 31, 42 Litters allotted dietary treatments (corn-soy, A; corn-soy + 20% dried whey, B; 5% lard, C) offered these diets as creep feed 14 All pigs weaned 28 d, placed elevated nursery pens fed their respective diets. Total small intestine...

The effect of sorghum particle size on nutrient digestibilities at the terminal ileum and over total digestive tract growing-finishing pigs were investigated in a replicated 3x3 Latin square trial. Sorghum-casein diets used. Sorghum was dry rolled (C) or ground hammer mill through 6.4 mm (M) 3.2 (F) screens, producing particles with modulus fineness 3.57, 2.85 2.36, respectively. Each successive reduction improved (P<.05) apparent ileal digestibility matter, starch, gross energy N. Measured...

Duroc-cross pigs (n = 25) were assigned to one of three experimental finishing diets containing 0 (control), 40,000 (40), or 80,000 (80) IU supplemental vitamin D3/kg feed (as-fed basis)to test the effects D3 on pork quality traits. Experimental fed for 44 51 d before slaughter, and days blocked in design. A trend existed receiving highest concentration supplementation have a lower (P 0.08) ADG (0.77 kg/d) compared with either 40-diet (0.88 control (0.92 kg/d). Diet did not > 0.10) affect...

Dried whole whey, lard or dried skim milk was added to a corn-soybean meal basal diet determine the effect on apparent nitrogen (ND), energy (ED) and dry matter digestibility (DMD) in pigs weaned at 28 d. Four groups of four littermate barrows were allotted experimental diets placed individual metabolism pens for 12 d (3 adjustment three collection periods 3 each) after weaning. The study 4 × factorial with period as main effects. Addition whey resulted higher values (P<.05) DMD ED compared...

Abstract Nitrogen (N) losses following land‐applied animal wastes present an environmental and economical dilemma for producers. Gaseous N from pastureland contribute to global warming, ozone depletion, acid rain, inefficient plant uptake. This study was designed monitor nitrous oxide emissions swine waste commercial fertilizer treatments bermudagrass (Cynedon dactylon [L.] pers) pastures. Denitrification rates were monitored on a biweekly basis six 0.12‐ha pastures three consecutive growing...

Ammonia (NH3) volatilization may be an important part of the nitrogen (N) budget in swine-waste-amended farming systems. was quantified from three circular bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon, [L.] pers) plots receiving split swine (Sus scrofa domestica) effluent applications during 1998, 1999, and 2000 growing seasons. Plots were maintained over course study used to characterize relative patterns following land-application effluent. Swine applied based on total phosphorus concentration...

Hempseed meal (HSM) is left after oil extraction of hemp and may act as a protein source in livestock. The first phase this research evaluated variation nutritive value vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) HSM from various sources North America; the second utilized IVDMD to evaluate efficacy hempseed an ingredient ruminant feed. In one, had no contribution variance for neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid (ADF), lignin (ADL), or crude (CP) (p ≥ 0.20). However, batch within contributed NDF...

ABSTRACT Yorkshire pigs (n = 32) were used to determine the influence of supplementation plum juice concentrate (PJC) on growth and carcass quality characteristics pork. Pigs sorted by weight sex (n = 16 barrows, n = 16 gilts) assigned 16 pens with 2 per pen. Pens randomly allotted 4 diets: 0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, or 3.0% PJC. During feed trial, intake gain monitored every 14 d. slaughtered at an average pen 114 kg (group 1 = 84 d; group 2 = 98 d). Supplementation PJC did not affect...

Abstract In Texas and Southeastern United States Cu concentration in the soil is lower 50th percentile, this leads low bioavailability of copper for livestock. Therefore, a 70-d completely randomized block design study was conducted to determine effects fecal egg count grazing beef cows (n = 40). Cows were blocked by parity body weight (BW) then randomly assigned 1 2 treatments: standard offering via free choice mineral (CON; Ragland Sweet Mag Mineral Mix, 425 ppm Cu) those receiving 25 mg...

In the southeastern USA, there is an abundance of broiler litter from commercial poultry production that available for use as fertilizer, but cropland and pastureland amended with often exhibit greatly increased soil-test P. We evaluated productivity nutritive quality Johnsongrass ( Sorghum halepense ) was interseeded or without white clover Trifolium repens which fertilizer (ammonium nitrate diammonium phosphate) applied on basis P; supplemented ammonium to be isonitrogenous fertilizer....

Concentrated poultry production in the State of Alabama, U.S.A. results excessive litter. Application litter to pastures and row crops serves as a cheap alternative commercial fertilizer. However, over years, application perennial forage Appalachian Plateau region North Alabama has resulted phosphorus (P) buildup soils. Phosphorus index (P-index) comprehensive nutrient management plans (CNMP) are often used best practice (BMP) for proper land Because planning is not done small animal feeding...

Yorkshire pigs(n=32) were used to determinethe effect of supplementing grower-finisher diets with plum juiceconcentrate (PJC) on microbial shedding in pig feces. Pigs sortedby weight and sex (n=16 barrows,n=16 gilts) assigned penswith 2 pigs per pen. Pens randomly allotted 1 the 4 diets:0 (control), 0.5, 1.0, or 3.0% PJC. Fecal samples collected fromone pen d 0, 1, 7, 14, 28, 56 last day feed(group 1=d 84; group2=d 98). The ham each wasswabbed at slaughter. swab plated andenumerated for...

Two backgrounding trials evaluated effects of high-moisture diet or dry feed with without a hay offering 48 h before shipment on shrink and subsequent weight recovery postshipment. In trial 1, steers (initial BW 351 ± 26.9 kg) were assigned randomly to 1 2 diets: 1) 82% corn silage 18% pelleted gluten 2) 20% feed, 40% peanut hulls, soybean hull pellets. Bermudagrass was offered half the calves each 21-h transport period. There 3 pens/diet 4 steers/pen. Half from pen shipped (24 shipped; 24...

The reproductive impact following controlled introduction of animals persistently infected (PI) with bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) was evaluated in BVDV-naïve heifers.

The main focus of this study is to develop a poultry litter decision support system (PLDSS) integrated in geographical information (GIS) for land application and off-farm usage the Appalachian Plateau Black Belt regions Alabama. PLDSS comprehensive user-friendly that consists transportation assessment tools management developed by programming Visual Basic Applications (VBA) with ArcObjects ArcGIS. Important functional components analytical capability ArcGIS 9.1 are implemented several sets...

Abstract Yeast products are used worldwide to stabilize the anaerobic rumen environment in dairy cattle. Multiparous lactating ruminally fistulated cows (n = 4; ±150 DIM) were an 84-d 4×4 Latin square design evaluate effect of yeast on pH and redox potential (eH). Periods 21 d with 16 for treatment acclimation HOBO Temperature Data Loggers placed cranial sac removed 17 after a period 24 hr data collection. Cows housed single pen individually fed basal diet (CON) no culture or probiotics...

Mesquite (Prosopis L.) is considered an invasive browse species in most of the American Southwest. Mechanical intervention removes yields excess organic debris. Anecdotal evidence past has supported using such as feed for livestock. Thus, our objectives were to (1) determine nutritive value and fermentation characteristics silage produced with mesquite biomass, (2) evaluate solvent treatment biomass prior ensiling. In Experiment 1, we evaluated inclusion rate (0, 250, 500, 750, or 1000 g...