A5043291953- T-cell and B-cell Immunology
- Immune Cell Function and Interaction
- SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Monoclonal and Polyclonal Antibodies Research
- Immunotherapy and Immune Responses
- Mosquito-borne diseases and control
- Intellectual Property and Patents
- Viral Infections and Vectors
- Long-Term Effects of COVID-19
- Fungal Infections and Studies
- Immunodeficiency and Autoimmune Disorders
- Bacillus and Francisella bacterial research
- Innovation Policy and R&D
- Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
- Malaria Research and Control
- Immune responses and vaccinations
- Financial Reporting and Valuation Research
- Academic integrity and plagiarism
- Torture, Ethics, and Law
- Private Equity and Venture Capital
- Environmental Sustainability in Business
- Pharmaceutical industry and healthcare
- Toxoplasma gondii Research Studies
- Virus-based gene therapy research
La Jolla Institute for Immunology
2020-2024
University of California, Merced
2016-2021
Abstract SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells are detected in some healthy unexposed individuals. Human studies indicate these could be elicited by the common cold coronavirus OC43. To directly test this assumption and define role of OC43-elicited that cross-reactive with SARS-CoV-2, we develop a model sequential infections OC43 followed SARS-CoV-2 HLA-B*0702 HLA-DRB1*0101 Ifnar1 −/− transgenic mice. We find infection can elicit polyfunctional CD8 + CD4 effector cross-react peptides. Furthermore,...
Abstract CD8 T cells can play both a protective and pathogenic role in inflammation autoimmune development. Recent studies have highlighted the ability of to function as follicular helper (Tfh) germinal center context infection. However, whether this phenomenon occurs autoimmunity contributes pathogenesis is largely unexplored. In study, we show that acquire CD4 Tfh profile absence functional regulatory IL-2–deficient scurfy mouse models. Depletion mitigates mice. express B cell...
The underlying mechanisms by which prior immunity to dengue virus (DENV) affords cross-protection against the related flavivirus Zika (ZIKV) are poorly understood. Here, we examine ability of DENV/ZIKV-cross-reactive CD4+ T cells protect versus exacerbate ZIKV infection using a histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1∗0101 transgenic, interferon α/β receptor-deficient mouse model that supports robust DENV and replication. By mapping HLA-DRB1∗0101-restricted cell response, identify...
SUMMARY The continued threat of SARS-CoV-2 to global health necessitates development improved research tools and vaccines. We present an spike ectodomain, “VFLIP”, bearing five proline substitutions, a flexible cleavage site linker, inter-protomer disulfide bond. VFLIP displays significantly stability, high-yield production retains its trimeric state without exogenous trimerization motifs. High-resolution cryo-EM glycan profiling reveal that the quaternary structure glycosylation mimic...
Therapeutic antibodies are an important tool in the arsenal against coronavirus infection. However, most developed early pandemic have lost or all efficacy newly emergent strains of severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2), particularly those Omicron lineage. Here, we report identification a panel vaccinee-derived that broad-spectrum neutralization activity. Structural and biochemical characterization three broadest-spectrum reveal complementary footprints differing requirements for...
T cell exhaustion is a state of hyporesponsiveness that develops during many chronic infections and cancer. Neutralization inhibitory receptors, or "checkpoint blockade," can reverse lead to beneficial prognoses in experimental clinical settings. Whether checkpoint blockade resolve lethal acute less understood but may be vaccination protocols fail elicit sterilizing immunity. Since fully protective vaccine for any human parasite has yet developed, we explored the efficacy inhibitors mouse...
We investigate whether the sustainability implications of firms' innovative pursuits are associated with their disclosure choices. find that firms a greater percentage patents granted in environmentally sound technologies provide more innovation conference calls relative to industry peers, controlling for overall level and quality activity. also respond both (1) environmental media coverage (2) two shocks scrutiny increased disclosure, consistent companies disclosing improve reputation....
We examine the spillover effect of public firm disclosures on patent trading market. Relative to equity markets, market is decentralized and rife with information frictions, yet it potentially serves as an important mechanism through which innovations reallocate most productive users. Using data transactions, we find that going from 25th percentile 75th in presence – our main proxy for linked a 9.4% 13.3% increase future sales by other parties related technological areas. These results are...
The continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants challenges the durability existing spike (S)-based COVID-19 vaccines. We hypothesized that vaccines composed both S and nucleocapsid (N) antigens would increase protection by strengthening broadening cellular immunity compared with S-based To test this, we examined immunogenicity efficacy wild-type S- N-based DNA administered individually or together to K18-hACE2 mice. S, N, + N all elicited polyfunctional CD4+ CD8+ T cell responses provided...
We examine the impact of technological competition on voluntary innovation disclosure around enactment Leahy-Smith America Invents Act 2011 ("AIA"). The AIA moves U.S. patent system from first-to-invent to first-inventor-to-file and induces a "race" that increases competition. Laggard firms are slow file disadvantaged in this race. find laggard fewer patents increase concentration their technology areas. respond by strategically increasing scientific publications an attempt block competitors...
Abstract IL-2Rα, in part, comprises the high affinity receptor for IL-2, a cytokine important immune proliferation, activation, and regulation. IL-2Rα deficient mice (IL-2Rα-KO) develop systemic autoimmune disease die from severe anemia between 18 80 days of age. These kinetically distinct progression, with approximately quarter dying by 21 age half after 30 days. This research aims to define parameters signaling that distinguish cohorts IL-2Rα-KO early- versus late-stage disease. To...
Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) initially infects the tract, it also directly or indirectly affects other organs, including brain. However, little is known about relative neurotropism of SARS-CoV-2 variants concern (VOCs), Omicron (B.1.1.529), which emerged in November 2021 and has remained dominant pathogenic lineage since then. To address this gap, we examined ability Omicron, Beta (B.1.351), Delta (B.1.617.2) to infect brain context a functional human...
Patent examination should ensure that only novel and nonobvious technologies are patented. This evaluation requires comparing the invention to described in public documents—called "prior art." Examiners applicants have obligations cite known prior art is material whether patent issues. Beyond documenting examination, citations used as metrics a significant body of research. The importance predictive metric rests on assumption they provide evidence continued development relevant field....
Abstract T follicular helper (Tfh) cells provide essential help for the development of antigen specific antibodies during normal and autoreactive immune responses. IL-2-deficient (KO) mice suffer from excessive lymphoproliferation spontaneous, systemic autoimmune disease. Depletion CD4 in IL-2-KO eliminates generation RBC-specific antibodies, augmenting survival. Surprisingly, depletion CD8 also reduces disease prolongs Several groups have demonstrated a protective role inflammation...
Therapeutic antibodies are an important tool in the arsenal against coronavirus infection. However, most developed early pandemic have lost or all efficacy newly emergent strains of SARS-CoV2, particularly those Omicron lineage. Here, we report identification a panel vaccinee-derived that broad-spectrum neutralization activity. Structural and biochemical characterization three broadest-spectrum reveal complementary footprints differing requirements for avidity to overcome variant-associated...