Purpose This study aims to investigate how the Islamic banking share (percentage of total assets relative sector assets) and individual characteristics (gender, age, income education) affect financial inclusion in 14 Middle Eastern North African (MENA) countries with different levels. Design/methodology/approach uses data from 2014 World Bank Global Findex database analyze impact characteristics, countries’ developmental levels on its barriers MENA countries. The probit estimation method is...

The present study examined age-by-mood interactions in prospective memory and the potential role of attentional control. Positive, negative, or neutral mood was induced young older adults. Subsequent time-based performance tested, incorporating a measure online control shifts between ongoing task via time monitoring behavior. Mood impaired young, but not older, Moderated mediation analyses showed that effects were mediated by changes monitoring. Results are discussed relation to findings...

In this paper we measure the size of shadow economy in N orth C yprus by using micro‐econometric approaches and then calculate its implications on national accounts fiscal balances. There is a relatively new strand literature that focuses comparing income–expenditure patterns households to degree underreporting income levels self‐employed privately employed individuals, as compared with public servants. We use 2008 H ousehold B udget S urvey analyze differences food consumption among three...

Abstract Previous studies of the underreporting income for tax purposes have used private employees as benchmark to which other groups' compliance was measured. In this paper it is suggested that there are a number circumstances when will be an incentive and their employers collude understate employee wages salaries taxation. The existence high marginal rates combined with social security payroll taxes typical conditions stimulate behaviour. These present in North Cyprus. This examines rich...

This study was conducted using the dynamic panel two-stage least squares system generalized methods of moments (2SLS-system GMM) to examine how UK companies made capital structure decisions during COVID-19 pandemic. Contrary expectations, firms opted reduce their debt exposure Tobin’s Q most significant determinant structure, as it mitigated total by 0.25% result aligns with pecking order theory, suggesting that prefer internal financing over debt. Simultaneously, combined scores (ESG) and...

A highly interactive, integrated and multi-level simulator has been developed specifically to support both the teachers learners of modern computer technologies at undergraduate level. The provides a visual user configurable environment with many pedagogical features aimed facilitating deep understanding concepts which are often difficult grasp by students. rational behind development is explained main described. brief account ways in used lectures tutorials given. current state research...

The effect of state ownership on the capital structure decisions enterprises in selected G-20 countries is estimated using financial and accounting data 252 state-owned 6503 non-state-owned firms for period 2011–2015. results indicate that positively associated with leverage all countries. However, this phenomenon changed when were considered according to their income levels because high-income carry more debt, while opposite true lower-middle-income also divergent effects various...

Abstract This study investigates the determinants of comparative advantage crude oil production in 10 OPEC and non‐OPEC countries over period 1990–2016. The calculates using Normalized Revealed Comparative Advantage index (NRCA) further estimates relationship between three explanatory variables panel autoregressive distributed lag (panel ARDL) a separate for each group countries. result NRCA shows that all have production, whereas five production. ARDL indicates price (COP) average daily...

This study computed the comparative advantage (CA) of 28 oil-producing countries in crude oil over period 1990–2016 using Normalised Revealed Comparative Advantage (NRCA) index and applied a Panel ARDL model to investigate determinants CA. The results NRCA indicated that not all sampled have CA production. econometric estimation revealed long run, investigated explanatory variables are fundamental oil. Specifically, price (COP), daily average production (DAP), institutional quality (IQ)...

The size of the informal labour force and its contribution to national income North Cyprus has been an issue considerable controversy political significance. Because relatively free movement between Turkey Cyprus, a significant body unregistered workers have accumulated in Cyprus. This study carries out estimate both as well GNP for period from 1996 2000.

An important area of modern computer organization and architecture is the operating system internals which normally inaccessible for teaching learning purposes. This paper describes an educational simulator that part integrated set simulators designed to support students systems. Examples classroom assignments are presented demonstrating simulator's a wide range practical experiments. The pedagogical value assessed in terms impact its visualization features functional capabilities supporting...

A set of integrated educational simulators supporting teaching and learning computer architecture concepts at degree level have been used to engage students enhance their understanding modern system architecture. Examples practical exercises using an simulations are described a methodology for evaluating the value is explained. The results presented it noted that statistical analysis provided some support positive simulations.

In this study we analyze the labor market experiences of Turkish immigrants in Northern Cyprus. Cyprus presents a unique example for migrants, as many traditional obstacles (language barrier, cultural and ethnic differences non-transferability human capital) immigrant laborers are not applicable since have similarities to native citizens Turkey is considered "motherland" Nonetheless, significant between natives regard exist Using data from period 2004–2011, find that although occupational...

The impact of the global crisis on financial sector has been equally mild in both parts divided Cyprus, thanks largely to traditional banking systems with little dependence international markets. However, economies have experienced a negative real sector, mainly owing deterioration UK market. Developments Russia for south and Turkey north may also influence impact. overall effects are expected be harsher north, which is already recession lacks integration In south, GDP growth slow 2009....

In this paper, we use an exogenous policy variation in the labour market to determine wage gap between formally and informally employed workers. For our purposes, ‘informal employment’ describes employees who are not officially registered with any social security scheme. We self-reported employee registration status identify such workers, but choice of working unregistered is exogenous. Nevertheless, through amnesty that was extended only some workers market, reduce endogeneity problem,...

Abstract This article measures the extent of – and unrecorded income generated by informal employment in a micro economy characterized poor governance. Household survey census data are used to estimate number workers Northern Cyprus analyse characteristics employment, for period 2004–11. Informal mostly comprised citizens with no social security registration, illegally employed immigrants or second‐job holders who have not registered their second jobs. In terms value added, estimated size is...

An integrated, multi-level software system simulator has been developed to support teaching and learning of undergraduate computer architecture operating systems modules. In this paper the rationale for development its main features are described; strategy is briefly explained; evaluation methodology defined preliminary results presented.

In recent years there has been rapidly increasing activity in identifying and proposing various methods for supporting the development deployment of assisted living systems that utilize remote monitoring modern communications technology. Such often rely on streams sensor data intelligent analyzing daily patterns acting any detected exception conditions. During initial phase one such system a need defining requirements placements, efficient formats transmission protocols became apparent,...

This study aims to explore the long-term productivity dynamics of economy Turkish Republic Northern Cyprus by using a simple Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) Model. More specifically, we aim analyze impact macroeconomic instability and socio-economic infrastructure on total factor over 1977-2017 period. Additionally, this develops index combining information from communication, energy, education health indicators. The main result paper is that while positively significantly affected...