Integrated spectrometers provide the possibility of compact, low-cost portable spectroscopy sensing, which is critical component lab-on-a-chip system. However, using existing on-chip designs challenging to realize a high-resolution miniature spectrometer over broad wavelength range. Here, we demonstrate an time-sampling narrowband filter array that enables simultaneous acquisition spectra via optical Fabry–Pérot cavities and large spectral range with tunable free filters. Two consisting five...

Abstract Free-spectral-range (FSR)-free optical filters have always been a critical challenge for photonic integrated circuits. A high-performance FSR-free filter is highly desired communication, spectroscopy, and sensing applications. Despite significant progress in filters, the with tunable narrow-band, high out-of-band rejection, large fabrication tolerance has rarely demonstrated. In this paper, we propose an exact robust design method add-drop (ADFs) operation capability, sub-nanometer...

Abstract The gap between the performance of optoelectronic components and demands fiber-optic communications has narrowed significantly in recent decades. Yet, expansion data traffic remains substantial, with fiber-link speeds increases anticipated near future. Here, we demonstrate an ultra-high-speed electro-optic waveguide modulator constructed using a thin film lanthanum-modified lead zirconate titanate ferroelectric phase exhibiting strong Pockels effect. wide optical window; thus,...

Optical Switches In article number 2400118, Yuexin Yin and co-workers fabricate a 1 × N generalized Mach-Zehnder interferometer (GMZI) based switch on polymer platform. This scalable structure is realized for 2, 3, 4 switches. With phase compensations introduced, the switch, bandwidth 13 times larger 10 dB crosstalk. Moreover, all-logic optical demonstrated proposed.

Flexible and compact optical switch is important for communications. In this Letter, a thermo-optical with wavelength division (de)multiplexing (WDM) function has been proposed demonstrated experimentally. The comprised of 1 × 2 Bezier multimode interferometer (MMI) an angled (AMMI). separates 1490 1550 nm wavelengths realizes path reconfiguration simultaneously. device footprint 13.63 0.385 mm built on 2% refractive index difference silica platform. excess loss lower than 1.2 dB (the...

A thermochemical conversion (TCC) reactor was developed to process swine manure for waste reduction andenergy production. The operating temperature and retention time are the two key parameters affecting process.Carbon monoxide (CO) employed as reductive reagent. investigated ranges of andretention were 275C ~ 350C (corresponding pressures 7 18 MPa) 5 120 min, respectively.The pH value fresh (pH= 6.1), CO VS ratio (CO:VS = 0.07 by weight or initial pressure p ini =690 kPa), total solids...

Wavelength division (de)multiplexing (WDM) device is a crucial component for optical transmission networks. In this paper, we demonstrate 4 channel WDM with 20 nm wavelength spacing on silica based planar lightwave circuits (PLC) platform. The designed using an angled multimode interferometer (AMMI) structure. Since there are fewer bending waveguides than other WDMs, the footprint smaller, at 21 mm × 0.4 mm. Owing to low thermo-optic coefficient (TOC) of silica, temperature sensitivity 10...

Electronically triggered fault-current limiters have been used in medium- and high-voltage power distribution systems to limit the available short-circuit current a lower level, so that underrated switchgear can be operated safely. However, insure safe proper usage of these devices, following major operating parameters need considered: (1) selection trigger level; (2) di/dt; (3) effect capacitor bank stray capacitances; (4) coordination between devices phase overcurrent (o/c) relays at...

A simple, compact, and high-sensitivity optical sensor for salinity measurement is reported based on an microfiber coil resonator (MCR). The MCR manufactured by initially wrapping a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) rod, which dissolved to leave hollow cylindrical fluidic channel within the measurement. Based light propagation through MCR, device's spectrum moves long wavelengths with increased in fluid. sensitivity can reach up 15.587 nm/% resolution of 1.28 × 10-3%. It also confirmed that...

In this paper, a polymer/silica hybrid waveguide thermo-optic variable optical attenuator (VOA), covering the O-band, is demonstrated. The switch fabricated by simple and low-cost direct ultraviolet (UV) lithography. multimode interferences (MMIs) used in Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI)-VOA are well optimized to realize low loss large bandwidth. VOA shows an extinction ratio (ER) of 18.64 dB at 1310 nm, with power consumption 8.72 mW. attenuation larger than 6.99 over O-band. rise fall...

In this paper, ultrahigh-Q factor racetrack microring resonators (MRRs) are demonstrated based on silica planar lightwave circuits (PLCs) platform. A loaded Qload of 1.83 × 106 is obtained. The MRRs packaged with fiber-to-fiber loss ~5 dB. notch depth 3 dB and ~137 pm FSR observed. These show great potential in optical communications as filters. Moreover, the devices suitable used monolithic integration hybrid other devices, especially external cavity lasers (ECLs) to realize ultranarrow linewidths.

A high-Q-factor tunable silica-based microring resonator (MRR) is demonstrated. To meet the critical-coupling condition, a Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI) as coupler was integrated with racetrack resonator. Then, 40 mW electronic power applied on microheater arm of MZI, and maximal notch depth about 13.84 dB loaded Q factor 4.47 × 106 were obtained. The proposed MRR shows great potential in practical application for optical communications optics.

In this work, we have proposed and designed a 1 × optical switch based on the phase-change material, Ge2Sb2Se4Te1 (GSST), for GSST-assisted silicon racetrack microring. Its power can periodically be exchanged between straight waveguide GSST/Si hybrid due to formed directional coupling structure. By changing GSST from crystalline state amorphous state, shifts ON OFF vice versa. With finite-difference time-domain method optimization, shows an extinction ratio of 18 dB at 1547.4 nm. The insert...

Optical switch is a promising technology for high bandwidth communication in data centers. In this letter, we demonstrate <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3\times 3$ </tex-math></inline-formula> with p-i-n phase shifters. With pull-push configuration, the average on-chip insertion losses at 1550 nm of are 3.38 ± 0.7 dB and 4.04 1.42 "all-cross" "all-bar" states, respectively. The optical...

A novel, to the best of our knowledge, method extract optical microring resonators’ loss characteristics is proposed and demonstrated using frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR). Compared with traditional transmission measurement method, spatial-resolved backscattering signals obtained from OFDR can clearly show resonance mode’s increased path length due its circulation inside resonator. By further processing backscattered signals, loaded <mml:math...

Optical mode switch is a crucial component for the mode-division multiplexing (MDM) system. In this paper, we demonstrate thermo-optical (TO) mode-selective on silica-based planar lightwave circuit (PLC) platform. The 2 × 1 based Mach–Zehnder interferometer consists of an adiabatic coupler and symmetric Y-branch. input optical E00 (E10) converted to E10 (E00) while light coupled from different ports by changing working state heater. With 2% index-contrast, compact PLC platform fabricated....

A variable optical attenuator (VOA) is a crucial component for communication, especially multiplexer (VMUX) and reconfigurable add-drop (ROADM). With the capacity increasing dramatically, large-port-count low-power-consumption VOA array urgent an on-chip system. In this paper, we experimentally demonstrate 16-channel based on polymer/silica hybrid waveguide. The proposed able to work over C L bands. shows average attenuation larger than 14.38 dB with low power consumption of 15.53 mW. makes...

Thermo-optic (TO) modulators play an increasingly important role in wavelength routers, lidar, optical computing, and other reconfigurable photonic systems. Highly efficient TO tunable microring resonators (MRRs) were first demonstrated based on a sol-gel TiO 2 platform the 1310-nm waveband owing to synergistic effect between core SU-8 cladding with both negative thermo-optical coefficients. The MRR modulator polymer as top layer exhibits thermal tuning efficiency of 33.0 pm/mW, which is...

This paper presents a new electric motor drive system topology, which is based on pulse-width-modulation (PWM) current source inverter (CSI). It aimed at reducing the harmonics drawn from mill distribution systems and utility. Meanwhile, voltage feeding into motors are significantly reduced. Furthermore, rate of rise PWM-CSI drives low compared to currently dominated PWM (VSI) systems. The also proposal modify machine in order achieve an overall harmonic level. topology verified by computer...

In this paper, we demonstrate a broadband Mach-Zehnder interferometer optical switch based on polycrystalline silicon (poly-Si), which enables the development of multilayer photonics integrated circuits. The poly-Si is deposited under low temperature 620 °C to avoid unexpected thermal stress and influence optoelectronic performance. By introducing π/2 phase shifter push-pull configuration, achieved power consumption loss caused by carrier plasma absorption (CPA). operates effectively in both...

This paper presents a new electric drive system topology, which is based on pulse width modulation (PWM) current-source inverter (CSI). It aimed at reducing the current harmonics drawn from mill distribution systems and utility. Additionally, voltage feeding into motors are significantly reduced. Furthermore, rise rate of PWM-CSI drives low compared to currently dominant PWM voltage-source (VSI)-based systems. also proposal modify machine systems, in order achieve an overall harmonic level....

A 5-channel polymer/silica hybrid arrayed waveguide grating (AWG), fabricated through a simple and low-cost microfabrication process is proposed, which covers the entire O-band (1260-1360 nm) of optical communication wavelength system. According to simulation results, insertion loss lower than 4.7 dB crosstalk within 3-dB bandwidth ~-28 dB. The actual fiber-fiber 14.0 dB, 5 channels less -13.0 demonstrated AWG ideally suitable for communications, but also has potential in multi-channel sensors.