A5066186671- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Fish Ecology and Management Studies
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Aquatic Invertebrate Ecology and Behavior
- Aquatic Ecosystems and Phytoplankton Dynamics
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Coastal and Marine Dynamics
- Climate variability and models
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
- Geological formations and processes
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Soil and Water Nutrient Dynamics
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Marine and coastal ecosystems
- Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics
- Air Quality and Health Impacts
- Coastal wetland ecosystem dynamics
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Geology and Paleoclimatology Research
- Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing
- Groundwater flow and contamination studies
- Vehicle emissions and performance
- Hydrology and Sediment Transport Processes
- Wind and Air Flow Studies
Blackstone (United States)
2021-2024
General Dynamics (United States)
2021-2024
University of Illinois Chicago
2011-2022
NOAA Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory
2002-2021
Great Lakes Science Center
2013-2021
United States Geological Survey
2013-2021
Great Lakes Fishery Commission
2021
The Ohio State University
2021
Cornell University
2021
Miami University
2021
Understanding the relative importance of top-down and bottom-up regulation ecosystem structure is a fundamental ecological question, with implications for fisheries water-quality management. For Laurentian Great Lakes, where, since early 1970s, nutrient inputs have been reduced, whereas top-predator biomass has increased, we describe trends across multiple trophic levels explore their underlying drivers. Our analyses revealed increasing water clarity declines in phytoplankton, native...
The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) is the first of a new generation advanced satellite‐based atmospheric sounders with capability obtaining high–vertical resolution profiles temperature and water vapor. high‐accuracy retrieval goals AIRS (e.g., 1 K RMS in km layers below 100 mbar for air temperature, 10% 2 vapor concentration), combined large temporal spatial variability atmosphere difficulties making accurate measurements state, necessitate careful detailed validation using...
A detailed assessment of radiosonde water vapor measurement accuracy throughout the tropospheric column is needed for assessing impact observational error on applications that use data as input, such forecast modeling, radiative transfer calculations, remote sensor retrieval validation, climate trend studies, and development climatologies cloud radiation parameterizations. Six operational types were flown together in various combinations with a reference‐quality hygrometer during Atmospheric...
Thousands of comparisons between total precipitable water vapor (PWV) obtained from radiosonde (Vaisala RS80-H) profiles and PWV retrieved a collocated microwave radiometer (MWR) were made at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program's Southern Great Plains Cloud Testbed (SGP CART) site in northern Oklahoma 1994 to 2000. These show that RS80-H has an approximate 5% dry bias compared MWR. This observation is consistent with interpretations Vaisala RS80 data during Tropical Ocean...
Abstract A unique dataset obtained with combinations of minisodars and 915-MHz wind profilers at the Atmospheric Boundary Layer Experiments (ABLE) facility in Kansas was used to examine detailed characteristics nocturnal low-level jet (LLJ). In contrast instruments earlier studies, ABLE provide hourly, high-resolution vertical profiles velocity from just above surface approximately 2 km ground level (AGL). Furthermore, 6-yr span allowed examination interannual variability properties improved...
A series of water vapor intensive observation periods (WVIOPs) were conducted at the Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) site in Oklahoma between 1996 and 2000. The goals these WVIOPs are to characterize accuracy operational observations develop techniques improve measurements. initial focus experiments was on lower atmosphere, for which goal is an absolute better than 2% total column vapor, corresponding ~1 W m−2 infrared radiation surface. To complement instruments during WVIOPs,...
Summary Lakes Michigan and Huron, which are undergoing oligotrophication after reduction of phosphorus loading, invasion by dreissenid mussels variation in climate, provide an opportunity to conduct large‐scale evaluation the relative importance these changes for lake productivity. We used remote sensing, field data information‐theoretic approach identify factors that showed statistical relationships with observed chlorophyll a (chla) primary production ( PP ). Spring TP ), annual mean chla...
To improve our understanding of the distribution and radiative effects water vapor, U.S. Department Energy Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) Program has conducted a series coordinated vapor Intensive Observation Periods (IOPs). This study uses observations collected from four ARM IOPs to accomplish two goals: First we compare radiosonde Raman lidar upper tropospheric with colocated geostationary satellite radiances at 6.7 μm. During all find excellent agreement between humidity...
Abstract During 9 March–9 April 2004, the North Slope of Alaska Arctic Winter Radiometric Experiment was conducted at Atmospheric Radiation Measurement Program’s (ARM) “Great White” field site near Barrow, Alaska. The major goals experiment were to compare microwave and millimeter wavelength radiometers develop forward models in radiative transfer, all with a focus on cold (temperature from 0° −40°C) dry [precipitable water vapor (PWV) < 0.5 cm] conditions. To supplement remote...
This paper proposes a methodology for combining satellite images with advection-diffusion models interpolation and prediction of environmental processes. We propose dynamic state-space model an ensemble Kalman filter smoothing algorithm on-line retrospective state estimation. Our approach addresses the high dimensionality, measurement bias, nonlinearities inherent in data. apply method to sequence SeaWiFS Lake Michigan from March 1998, when large sediment plume was observed following major...
Human-driven environmental change underlies recent changes in water clarity many of the world’s great lakes, yet our understanding consequences these on fish and fisheries they support remains incomplete. Herein, we offer a framework to organize current knowledge, guide future research, help managers understand how can affect their valued populations. Emphasizing Laurentian Great Lakes findings where possible, describe changing directly populations communities by altering exposure...
Abstract Water vapor mass mixing ratio profiles from NASA's Lidar Atmospheric Sensing Experiment (LASE) system acquired during the Radiation Measurement (ARM)–First International Satellite Cloud Climatology Project (ISCCP) Regional (FIRE) Vapor (AFWEX) are used as a reference to characterize upper-troposphere water (UTWV) measured by ground-based Raman lidars, radiosondes, and in situ aircraft sensors over Department of Energy (DOE) ARM Southern Great Plains (SGP) site northern Oklahoma....
Time‐series measurements of water transparency, wave conditions, and current speed were made at several different sites in Lake St. Clair during five 1‐month periods 1985 1986. Observed changes suspended sediment concentration modeled with a simple zero‐dimensional, spatially averaged, mass balance model which local bottom erosion was expressed as linear function the shear stress. Estimates three parameters required by (particle settling velocity, resuspension concentration, background...
A two‐dimensional sediment transport model capable of simulating resuspension mixed (cohesive plus noncohesive) is developed and applied to quantitatively simulate the March 1998 events in southern Lake Michigan. Some characteristics are capability incorporate several floc size classes, a physically based settling velocity formula, bed armoring, availability limitation. Important parameters were estimated from field laboratory measurement data. The reproduced plume (observed by SeaWIFS...
In this paper we develop and examine several schemes for combining daily images obtained from the Sea‐viewing Wide Field Spectrometer (SeaWiFS) with a two‐dimensional sediment transport model of Lake Michigan. We consider two data assimilation methods, direct insertion kriging‐based approach, perform forecasting study focused on 2‐month period in spring 1998 when large storm caused substantial amounts resuspension horizontal lake. By beginning simplest possible forecast method sequentially...