A5065388826- Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations
- Climate variability and models
- Atmospheric aerosols and clouds
- Atmospheric Ozone and Climate
- Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics
- Atmospheric chemistry and aerosols
- Geophysics and Gravity Measurements
- Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes
- Cryospheric studies and observations
- Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics
- Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics
- Tropical and Extratropical Cyclones Research
- Fault Detection and Control Systems
- Air Quality Monitoring and Forecasting
- Precipitation Measurement and Analysis
- Calibration and Measurement Techniques
- Climate change and permafrost
- Solar Radiation and Photovoltaics
- Advanced Computational Techniques and Applications
- Hydrology and Drought Analysis
- Aeolian processes and effects
- Environmental Monitoring and Data Management
- Solar and Space Plasma Dynamics
- Hydrological Forecasting Using AI
- Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies
Jet Propulsion Laboratory
2015-2024
University of Colorado Boulder
2024
NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratories
2024
University of Nebraska–Lincoln
2024
Scripps Institution of Oceanography
2024
University of California, San Diego
2024
Hong Kong University of Science and Technology
2024
University of Hong Kong
2024
Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences
2024
NOAA National Severe Storms Laboratory
2024
The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and its two companion microwave sounders, AMSU HSB were launched into polar orbit onboard the NASA Aqua Satellite in May 2002. required sounding system to provide high-quality research data for climate studies meet NOAA's requirements improving operational weather forecasting. NOAA requirement translated global retrieval of temperature humidity profiles with accuracies approaching those radiosondes. AIRS also provides new measurements several...
Global satellite observations of temperature and geopotential height (GPH) from the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) on EOS Aura spacecraft are discussed. The precision, resolution, accuracy data produced by MLS version 2.2 processing algorithms quantified, recommendations for screening made. Temperature precision is 1 K or better 316 hPa to 3.16 hPa, degrading ∼3 at 0.001 hPa. vertical resolution 3 km 31.6 6 ∼13 Comparisons with analyses (Goddard Earth Observing System 5.0.1 (GEOS‐5), European...
Significance The 2015 Indonesian fire season, in terms of activity and pollution, was the most severe since NASA Earth Observing satellite system began observations early 2000s. Our estimates show that CO 2 -equivalent biomass burning emissions for all Indonesia were between 2013 annual fossil fuel Japan India. Longer-term records airport visibility Sumatra Kalimantan ranked among worst episodes on record. Analysis dry season rainfall shows that, due to continued use clear prepare land...
Abstract This study quantifies mean annual and monthly fluxes of Earth’s water cycle over continents ocean basins during the first decade millennium. To extent possible, flux estimates are based on satellite measurements data-integrating models second. A careful accounting uncertainty in is included. It applied within a routine that enforces multiple energy budget constraints simultaneously variational framework order to produce objectively determined optimized estimates. In majority cases,...
Narrow bands of strong atmospheric water vapor transport, referred to as “atmospheric rivers” (ARs), are responsible for the majority wintertime extreme precipitation events with important contributions seasonal balance. We investigate relationships between snow equivalent (SWE), precipitation, and surface air temperature (SAT) across Sierra Nevada 45 AR events. Analysis assimilated in situ data years 2004–2010 indicates that ARs on average generate ∼4 times daily SWE accumulation non‐AR...
Abstract New objectively balanced observation-based reconstructions of global and continental energy budgets their seasonal variability are presented that span the golden decade Earth-observing satellites at start twenty-first century. In absence balance constraints, various combinations modern flux datasets reveal current estimates net radiation into Earth’s surface exceed corresponding turbulent heat fluxes by 13–24 W m−2. The largest imbalances occur over oceanic regions where component...
The Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) is the first of a new generation advanced satellite‐based atmospheric sounders with capability obtaining high–vertical resolution profiles temperature and water vapor. high‐accuracy retrieval goals AIRS (e.g., 1 K RMS in km layers below 100 mbar for air temperature, 10% 2 vapor concentration), combined large temporal spatial variability atmosphere difficulties making accurate measurements state, necessitate careful detailed validation using...
We present results of early validation studies using retrieved atmospheric profiles from the Earth Observing System Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument on Aura satellite. "Global" are presented for MLS measurements temperature, ozone, water vapor, hydrogen chloride, nitrous oxide, nitric acid, and carbon monoxide, with a focus January-March 2005 time period. These global comparisons made long-standing satellites meteorological datasets, as well some more recently launched satellites....
The validation of version 2.2 (v2.2) H 2 O measurements from the Earth Observing System (EOS) Microwave Limb Sounder (Aura MLS) on Aura satellite are presented. Results comparisons made with Aqua Atmospheric Infrared (AIRS), Vaisala radiosondes, frost point hygrometer, and WB57 aircraft hygrometers Comparisons MLS v1.5 O, Goddard global modeling assimilation office analyses (GEOS‐5) also discussed. For mixing ratios less than 500 ppmv, v2.2 has an accuracy better 25% between 316 147 hPa....
Abstract The atmospheric moisture and temperature profiles from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS)/Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit on NASA Aqua mission, in combination with precipitation Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), are employed to study vertical moist thermodynamic structure spatial–temporal evolution of Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO). AIRS data indicate that, Indian Ocean western Pacific, anomaly exhibits a trimodal structure: warm (cold) free troposphere (800–250...
The relationships between the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO), activities of atmospheric rivers (ARs), and resulting snowpack accumulation in California Sierra Nevada, are analyzed based on 13 yr observations for water years 1998–2010 inclusive. AR activity, as measured by number high-impact ARs, mean per event snow equivalent (SWE) changes, cumulative SWE is shown to be significantly augmented when MJO convection active over far western tropical Pacific (phase 6 Wheeler–Hendon diagram)....
[1] The anomalously snowy winter season of 2010/2011 in the Sierra Nevada is analyzed terms snow water equivalent (SWE) anomalies and role atmospheric rivers (ARs)—narrow channels enhanced meridional vapor transport between tropics extratropics. Mean April 1 SWE was 0.44 m (56%) above normal averaged over 100 sensors. AR occurrence high during period, with 20 dates 14 month December 2010, compared to mean nine per season. Fifteen out were associated negative phases Arctic Oscillation (AO)...
Abstract An intercomparison of high‐latitude precipitation characteristics from observation‐based and reanalysis products is performed. In particular, the CloudSat provide an independent assessment to other widely used products, these being observationally based Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP), Centre, Climate Prediction Center Merged Analysis (CMAP) ERA‐Interim, Modern‐Era Retrospective for Research Applications (MERRA), National Centers Environmental Prediction‐Department...
Abstract Atmospheric rivers (ARs) are narrow, elongated, synoptic corridors of enhanced water vapor transport that play an important role in regional weather/hydrology. Rain‐on‐snow (ROS) events during ARs present flood risks due to the combined effects rainfall and snowmelt. Focusing on California's Sierra Nevada, study identifies ROS occurrences their connection with 1998–2014 winters. AR conditions, which occur 17% all precipitation events, associated 50% (25 50). Composite analysis shows...
This paper documents the climatological mean features of Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) monthly tropospheric air temperature (ta, K) and specific humidity (hus, kg/kg) products as part Obs4MIPs project compares them to those from NASA's Modern Era Retrospective analysis for Research Applications (MERRA) validation 16 models fifth phase Coupled Model Intercomparison Project (CMIP5) CMIP5 model evaluation. MERRA is warmer than AIRS in free troposphere but colder boundary layer with...
Abstract. The version 6 cloud products of the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) instrument suite are described. top temperature, pressure, height effective fraction now reported at AIRS field-of-view (FOV) resolution. Significant improvements in assignment over 5 shown with FOV-scale comparisons to vertical structure observed by CloudSat 94 GHz radar Cloud-Aerosol LIdar Orthogonal Polarization (CALIOP). Cloud thermodynamic phase (ice, liquid,...
Abstract Aqua Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Collection 6 cloud observations (MYD06) at 1 km are collocated with daytime CloudSat‐Cloud‐Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) (C‐C) vertical structures (2B‐CLDCLASS‐LIDAR). For 2007–2010, over 267 million C‐C profiles used to (1) validate MODIS mask multilayer flag (2) cross‐reference between types regimes defined by joint histograms of top pressure (CTP) optical depth ( τ ). Globally,...
Small-scale features in temperature data from the Limb Infrared Monitor of Stratosphere satellite experiment are isolated by subtracting profiles globally mapped temperatures (containing zonal waves 0—6) inverted profiles. These interpreted as internal gravity waves. The preponderance variance is associated with longest wavelengths, corresponding to lowest frequencies (inertio-gravity waves). include approximately 2000 daily soundings between late October 1978 and May 1979, all longitudes,...
Abstract Satellite data from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) is analyzed to examine regions of upper troposphere that are supersaturated: where relative humidity (RH) greater than 100%. AIRS compare well other in situ and satellite observations RH provide daily global coverage up 200 hPa, though supersaturation highly uncertain. The climatology statistically understand occurs how frequently. Supersaturation humid tropical tropopause near convection 10%–20% time at hPa. very frequent...
We examine differences in total precipitable water vapor (PWV) from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) and Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (AMSR‐E) experiments sharing Aqua spacecraft platform. Both systems provide estimates of PWV over surfaces. compare AIRS AMSR‐E to constrain retrieval uncertainties as functions retrieved infrared cloud fraction. between two instruments vary only weakly with fraction up about 70%. Maps AIRS‐AMSR‐E location season. Observational biases, when...
Abstract This study demonstrates that water vapor transport and precipitation are largely modulated by the intensity of subtropical jet, transient eddies, location wave breaking events during different phases ENSO. Clear differences found in potential vorticity (PV), meteorological fields, trajectory pathways between two phases. Rossby have cyclonic anticyclonic regimes, with associated frequency occurrence dynamic response. During La Niña, there is a relatively weak jet allowing PV to...
Abstract. MIPAS observations of temperature, water vapor, and ozone in October 2009 as derived with the scientific level-2 processor run by Karlsruhe Institute Technology (KIT), for Meteorology Climate Research (IMK) CSIC, Instituto de Astrofísica Andalucía (IAA) retrieved from version 4.67 level-1b data have been compared to co-located field campaign obtained during MOHAVE-2009 at Table Mountain Facility near Pasadena, California 2009. The measurements were validated regarding any potential...
Abstract This study investigates the relationships among water vapor, precipitation efficiency, amount, and air temperature anomalies on monthly time scales over northern Eurasia for winter summer 2003–2010. Daily records at 505 historical stations, atmospheric total precipitable vapor relative humidity data from Atmospheric Infrared Sounders, are used analysis. Results show that higher associated with warmer directly contributes to amount but has little impact efficiency. However,...
Abstract. Single-footprint Atmospheric Infrared Sounder spectra are used in an optimal estimation-based algorithm (AIRS-OE) for simultaneous retrieval of atmospheric temperature, water vapor, surface cloud-top effective cloud optical depth and particle radius. In a departure from currently operational AIRS retrievals (AIRS V6), scattering absorption the radiative transfer forward model single-footprint thermal infrared data directly rather than cloud-cleared (which calculated using nine...
Abstract The potential links between ice water path (IWP), radiation, circulation, sea surface temperature (SST), and precipitation over the Pacific Atlantic Oceans resulting from falling radiative effects (FIREs) are examined Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) 6 (CMIP6) historical simulations. latter is divided into two subsets with (SON6) without FIREs (NOS6) in CMIP6. Improvement nonfalling cloud (~20 g m −2 ) noticeable convective regions CMIP6 relative to CMIP5....